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Code No: 157EW
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
B. Tech IV Year I Semester Examinations, February/March - 2022
NATURAL GAS ENGINEERING
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(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any five questions
All questions carry equal marks
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1.a) Draw the graph of viscosity, Bg, Cg and Z factors versus pressure and explain briefly.
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b) Given the natural gas gravity to air gg = 0.75, the pseudocritical pressure, ppc and temperature,
Tpc are 667 psi and 405 R, respectively. If the pressure and temperature are 1,500 psi and
200F, respectively, calculate how many lb of gas can fit in 1,000 ft3 of space? At what
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pressure increase would the mass increase by 50%, if the temperature remains constant?
(Z=0.51) [7+8]
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2.a) Explain briefly the natural gas composition and phase behavior.
b) Use the real gas law to calculate the volume of 5 lb-mol of a gas mixture at reservoir
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conditions of T = 1800F and p = 4,000 psi. Assume that this natural gas has the following
molar composition: C1 = 0.874, C2 = 0.083, C3 = 0.022, i-C4 = 0.006, n-C4 = 0.002,
iC5 = 0.008, n-C5 = 0.003, n-C6 = 0.001 and C7+ = 0.001. [7+8]
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3.a) Explain the nodal analysis with the Bottom hole node of a gas well for identification of
operating points.
b) Describe briefly the gas well inflow under non-Darcy flow. [9+6]
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4.a) A gas well produces from a reservoir whose pressure is 3,150 psi, and the reservoir
temperature is 1480 F. Gas specific gravity is 0.61 with no sour gases. The net pay is
50 ft. The damage skin factor is equal to 5 and the reservoir permeability is 20 md. The non-
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Darcy coefficient D is 1.5 E-3 (Mscf/d)–1. Calculate the rate of the well at
pwf = 1,200 psi assuming pseudo steady state. Also assume that: ln (0.472 re /rw) = 7. What
is the apparent skin at that rate? What would be the miscalculated rate if the non-Darcy
effects were ignored?
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b) Explain in detail the Unified Fracture Design (UFD). [9+6]
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5.a) Explain briefly the principle pipeline applications for gel pigs.
b) Consider a 6-in. pipeline that is 20 miles long. Assuming that the compression and delivery
pressures will maintain unchanged, calculate gas capacity increases by using the following
measures of improvement: i) replace 10 miles of the 8-in. pipeline by a 6-in. pipeline
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segment; ii). Place an 8-in. parallel pipeline to share gas transmission. [6+9]
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6.a) Which conditions are tends to promote the formation of natural gas hydrates in gas pipeline?
b) Natural gas must be delivered as CNG to a destination located 600 nautical miles away from
a shipping point at a rate of 500 MMscf/d. What CNG fleet should service this market?
Assume that the maximum loading and offloading rate is 150 MMscf/d, the time needed to
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connect or disconnect to facilities is 1 hour, the sailing velocity is 14 knots, and that 4% of
natural gas loaded is consumed as fuel. [6+9]
7.a) Describe in detail the entropy analysis of the APCI process with neat diagram.
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b) Calculate the mass of methanol (in lb) that can be produced from 4 Bcf of natural gas.
Assume that it is all methane. How many pounds of oxygen would be required? [7+8]
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8.a) What are the alternatives to natural gas fired electricity?
b) Calculation of the average wind velocity to generate 1 MW of power Assuming a power
coefficient cp = 0.4, a rotor diameter 54 m, and r ≈ 1.2 kg/m3. [6+9]
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