RepublicofthePhilippines

CEBUTECHNOLOGICALUNIVERSITY
DAANBANTAYANCAMPUS
SAN REMIGIO EXTENSION
Tambongon, San Remigio, Cebu, Philippines
Website:http://www.ctu.edu.phE-mail:[email protected]
Phone:+63917 107 2809

POTABLE WATER PURIFICATION PLANT

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Subject Requirements

for ECHEML

By:

Albaña, Guava Mae

Cañedo, Matt Rondy

Catam-isan, Rodz Niño

Mantos, Zhack Earnest

Mellado, Juliever

Miscala, Nash

Nulla, Donald

Sevilla, Kharenn

Tero, Rence Lloyd

Versaga, Timothew

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 RepublicofthePhilippines
CEBUTECHNOLOGICALUNIVERSITY
DAANBANTAYANCAMPUS
SAN REMIGIO EXTENSION
Tambongon, San Remigio, Cebu, Philippines
Website:http://www.ctu.edu.phE-mail:[email protected]
Phone:+63917 107 2809

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1. Wastewater ……………………………………........ 1-2

1.2 Problem of Water Deficiency ……………………………………........ 2-3

1.3 Objectives of Wastewater Treatment ……………………………………........ 3-5

DISCUSSION

Levels of Wastewater Treatment ……………………………………........ 6

Future Perspectives of Wastewater Treatment ………………………………........... 7-9

CONCLUSIONS ……………………………................... 10

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 INTRODUCTION

1. Wastewater

Wastewater refers to any water that has been affected by human use and

subsequently contains a range of impurities, contaminants, or pollutants. It includes liquid

waste from homes, businesses, industries, and agricultural activities that flows through

sewers or drainage systems. This water often carries various substances such as

chemicals, organic matter, pathogens, and other pollutants, making it unsuitable for

immediate consumption or release into natural bodies of water. Wastewater undergoes

treatment processes to remove contaminants before being discharged back into the

environment or reused for various purposes like irrigation or industrial processes,

reducing its impact on ecosystems and public health.

A potable water purification plant is a facility designed to treat and filter water

from various sources to make it safe for human consumption. Its primary purpose is to

remove contaminants, impurities, bacteria, and other harmful substances from raw water,

ensuring that the output meets specific health and safety standards for drinking. These

plants utilize various processes like Sedimentation, Filtration, Disinfection, Chemical

coagulation and flocculation treatment to produce clean potable water that is safe for

everyday use. They play a crucial role in providing communities with access to a

sustainable and reliable source of clean drinking water, promoting public health and well-

being. Through potable water purification plant, the proposed potable purification plant

project, utilized innovative and well-renowned functions for which the safety and well-

being of its consumers are its primary goal. It primarily solves the needed problem on

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risks acquired from different water sources with its developed processes that could save

the consumers' concern.

1.2 Problem of Water Deficiency

Water scarcity limits access to safe water for drinking and for practicing basic

hygiene at home, in schools and in health-care facilities. When water is scarce, sewage

systems can fail and the threat of contracting diseases like cholera surges. Scarce water

also becomes more expensive. Water deficiency, or water scarcity, poses a range of

problems that impact various aspects of human life, the environment, and economies.

Problems associated with water deficiency is limited access to clean drinking water is one

of the most immediate and critical issues is the lack of access to safe and clean drinking

water. This can lead to waterborne diseases, affecting the health and well-being of

communities. It can affect in agriculture is highly dependent on water, and water

deficiency can result in reduced crop yields, affecting food production. This, in turn,

leads to food shortages, increased food prices, and potential famine. Water scarcity can

hamper economic development by affecting industries that rely on water for their

processes. This includes manufacturing, energy production, and other sectors, leading to

job losses and reduced economic output. Insufficient water can harm ecosystems,

contributing to the degradation of natural habitats, loss of biodiversity, and disruption of

aquatic ecosystems. Rivers and lakes may dry up, affecting flora and fauna that depend

on these water sources. Competition for limited water resources can lead to conflicts

between different users, regions, or even countries. Water scarcity is considered a

potential driver of future conflicts and can exacerbate existing geopolitical tensions.

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Water scarcity can contribute to population displacement as people migrate in search of

areas with better water availability. This movement of people can strain resources in

receiving areas and may lead to social tensions. Water scarcity can result in inadequate

sanitation and hygiene practices, contributing to the spread of waterborne diseases. Lack

of water for personal and domestic hygiene increases the risk of illnesses. Inefficient use

of water resources, including wasteful agricultural practices and inadequate water

management, exacerbates the impact of water scarcity. Sustainable water use and

conservation practices are crucial for addressing this issue.

Lastly water deficiency requires a multifaceted approach, including sustainable

water management practices, investment in infrastructure, technological innovation, and

international cooperation to ensure equitable access to water resources.

1.3 Objectives of Wastewater Treatment

Every project must have goals needed to be attained. As such, this potable water

purification plant acquires objectives needed for the overall operations and adheres a

drinkable water for everybody. The objectives are as follows:

1. Ensure water quality

Develop and implement comprehensive treatment processes to ensure a more

cohesive functionality in maintaining the water quality standards, thus there is a

guarantee that the delivery of potable water meets the mandated guidelines and protocols.

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2. Safe Place for Everybody

May it be the consumers or the workers, safety is there to be kept in mind. There

are regulated safety protocols, seminars, and workshops about different process

operations for workers for their own selves, business entities, and plants to be in a good

and safe condition. Much like for consumers, there is an obligation to follow the posted

cautions and risks around the area to achieve a safe place for everyone.

3. Ensure water safety

Safety is a perfect representation of having protection, but water is safe to drink

which helps in hydrating one's body. A tap of water affects the body of the many, so

adhering to water safety is a must.

4. Sustainability

Designed the plant with environmentally friendly technologies and materials to

minimize the problems and risks. A need for optimizing energy efficiency is a big help

for the water purification process to be in longer operations and still survive for more

years.

5. Health and safety prioritization

Prioritize the health and well-being of consumers by focusing on the removal of

contaminants harmful to human health. Implement measures to prevent possible diseases

and promote a more hygienic community for all.

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6. Proper management during the water purification process

Manage waste, contaminants and impurities, and functionality of the water

generated during the water treatment process.

7. Feasible water purification process

The aim of having the trust of the consumers and feasible plant operations are a

must things that should be also on the priority lists to be followed, for a more convincing

and reliable plant to the communities.

These objectives collectively contribute to the overall goal of providing a safe,

reliable, and sustainable supply of potable water to everyone.

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 DISCUSSIONS

Levels of Wastewater Treat

A portable water purification plant involves a series of steps to make the water

clean. These steps ensure the water is safe for consumption by eliminating harmful

microorganisms. The water treatment process typically involves four main stages.

1. Chemical Coagulation and Flocculation:

Coagulant chemicals are added to the water to initiate the coagulation process.

Gentle mixing encourages the formation of floc, which attracts and binds impurities and

particles in the water.

2. Sedimentation:

The water moves to a sedimentation tank where the floc settles to the bottom.

Clarified water is separated from the settled particles.

3. Filtration:

The water passes through layers of sand, gravel, and possibly activated carbon to

remove finer particles, remaining impurities, and microscopic contaminants.

4. Disinfection:

A disinfectant, often chlorine or chloramine, is added to the water to kill or

inactivate any remaining bacteria, viruses, and pathogens.

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Future Perspectives of Wastewater Treatment

Developing a prototype for wastewater treatment and potable water purification is

a critical step towards addressing water scarcity and sustainability challenges. The

specific details of your prototype and its future perspectives will depend on its unique

technologies and functionalities. Here are some general trends and opportunities to

consider:

*Technological Advancements:*

 Membrane Technologies:

Advances in membranes with higher filtration efficiency, selectivity, and energy-

saving properties will be crucial for improved water recovery and contaminant removal.

 Nanotechnology:

Nanomaterials can offer highly efficient and targeted solutions for removing

emerging contaminants like pharmaceuticals and microplastics.

 Bioelectrochemical Processes:

Harnessing microbes to degrade pollutants and generate energy can lead to

sustainable and energy-efficient treatment systems.

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  Automation:

Real-time monitoring, data analysis, and automated process control can optimize

treatment efficiency and resource utilization.

*Decentralization and Resource Recovery:*

 Point-of-Use Systems:

Treating wastewater locally can reduce energy consumption and infrastructure

needs, making it particularly beneficial for rural areas.

 Cascaded Treatment:

Integrating wastewater treatment with desalination, rainwater harvesting, and

greywater reuse can maximize water recovery and minimize freshwater use.

 Resource Recovery:

Extracting valuable resources like nutrients, biofuels, and minerals from

wastewater can create a circular economy and offset treatment costs.

*Sustainability and Public Acceptance:*

 Energy Efficiency:

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 Reducing energy consumption throughout the treatment process is crucial for

minimizing environmental impact and operational costs.

 Social Acceptance:

Public engagement and education are essential for building trust and ensuring the

social sustainability of wastewater reuse projects.

 Regulatory Frameworks:

Developing transparent and robust regulations for treated wastewater reuse across

different applications is important for safe and responsible implementation.

*Key Challenges and Opportunities:*

 Addressing the presence of emerging contaminants like microplastics and

pharmaceuticals requires innovative removal strategies.

 Balancing affordability and technological complexity, especially for resource-

limited settings, is crucial for widespread adoption.

By embracing these future perspectives, wastewater treatment can be transformed

from a burden into a vital part of a circular economy, ensuring clean and safe water for

generations to come. For implementation to be effective, it is imperative that public

perceptions and worries about the safety and quality of recycled water be dispelled. We

create a prototype that is not only technically sound but also takes into account larger

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social and environmental concerns, opening the door to a future in water management

that is more robust and sustainable.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the development of a prototype for wastewater treatment and

potable water purification stands as a pivotal endeavor in addressing water scarcity and

sustainability challenges. The prototype's success hinges on embracing technological

advancements such as membrane technologies, nanotechnology, bioelectrochemical

processes, and automation. Decentralization strategies, resource recovery, and a focus on

sustainability and public acceptance further contribute to its potential impact.

Navigating key challenges, including the removal of emerging contaminants and

balancing affordability with technological complexity, requires innovative solutions. By

integrating these future perspectives, wastewater treatment can evolve into a cornerstone

of a circular economy, ensuring clean and safe water while considering social and

environmental concerns. Effective implementation demands dispelling public concerns

about the safety and quality of recycled water, fostering a future in water management

that is both robust and sustainable.

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