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100 XP

Describe different cloud services

What are cloud service models?

Model

Definition

Description

IaaS

Infrastructure-as-a-Service

This cloud service model is the closest to managing physical servers; a cloud provider will keep
the hardware up-to-date, but operating system maintenance and network configuration is up
to you as the cloud tenant. For example, Azure virtual machines are fully operational virtual
compute devices running in Microsoft datacenters. An advantage of this cloud service model is
rapid deployment of new compute devices. Setting up a new virtual machine is considerably
faster than procuring, installing, and configuring a physical server.

PaaS

Platform-as-a-Service

This cloud service model is a managed hosting environment. The cloud provider manages the
virtual machines and networking resources, and the cloud tenant deploys their applications
into the managed hosting environment. For example, Azure App Services provides a managed
hosting environment where developers can upload their web applications, without having to
worry about the physical hardware and software requirements.

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SaaS

Software-as-a-Service

In this cloud service model, the cloud provider manages all aspects of the application
environment, such as virtual machines, networking resources, data storage, and applications.
The cloud tenant only needs to provide their data to the application managed by the cloud
provider. For example, Microsoft Office 365 provides a fully working version of Microsoft Office
that runs in the cloud. All you need to do is create your content, and Office 365 takes care of
everything else.

The following illustration demonstrates the services that might run in each of the cloud service
models.

Let's compare the three models in more detail in the following sections.

IaaS
IaaS is the most flexible category of cloud services. It aims to give you complete control over
the hardware that runs your application. Instead of buying hardware, with IaaS, you rent it.

Advantages
No CapEx. Users have no up-front costs.

Agility. Applications can be made accessible quickly, and deprovisioned whenever needed.

Management. The shared responsibility model applies; the user manages and maintains the

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services they have provisioned, and the cloud provider manages and maintains the cloud
infrastructure.

Consumption-based model. Organizations pay only for what they use and operate under an
Operational Expenditure (OpEx) model.

Skills. No deep technical skills are required to deploy, use, and gain the benefits of a public
cloud. Organizations can use the skills and expertise of the cloud provider to ensure workloads
are secure, safe, and highly available.

Cloud benefits. Organizations can use the skills and expertise of the cloud provider to ensure
workloads are made secure and highly available.

Flexibility. IaaS is the most flexible cloud service because you have control to configure and
manage the hardware running your application.

PaaS
PaaS provides the same benefits and considerations as IaaS, but there are some additional
benefits to be aware of.

Advantages
No CapEx. Users have no up-front costs.

Agility. PaaS is more agile than IaaS, and users don't need to configure servers for running
applications.

Consumption-based model. Users pay only for what they use, and operate under an OpEx
model.

Skills. No deep technical skills are required to deploy, use, and gain the benefits of PaaS.

Cloud benefits. Users can take advantage of the skills and expertise of the cloud provider to
ensure that their workloads are made secure and highly available. In addition, users can gain
access to more cutting-edge development tools. They can then apply these tools across an
application's lifecycle.

Productivity. Users can focus on application development only, because the cloud provider
handles all platform management. Working with distributed teams as services is easier because

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the platform is accessed over the internet. You can make the platform available globally more
easily.

Disadvantage
Platform limitations. There can be some limitations to a cloud platform that might affect how
an application runs. When you're evaluating which PaaS platform is best suited for a workload,
be sure to consider any limitations in this area.

SaaS
SaaS is software that's centrally hosted and managed for you and your users or customers.
Usually one version of the application is used for all customers, and it's licensed through a
monthly or annual subscription.

SaaS provides the same benefits as IaaS, but again there are some additional benefits to be
aware of too.

Advantages
No CapEx. Users have no up-front costs.

Agility. Users can provide staff with access to the latest software quickly and easily.

Pay-as-you-go pricing model. Users pay for the software they use on a subscription model,
typically monthly or yearly, regardless of how much they use the software.

Skills. No deep technical skills are required to deploy, use, and gain the benefits of SaaS.

Flexibility. Users can access the same application data from anywhere.

Disadvantage
Software limitations. There can be some limitations to a software application that might affect
how users work. Because you're using as-is software, you don't have direct control of features.
When you're evaluating which SaaS platform is best suited for a workload, be sure to consider
any business needs and software limitations.

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Cloud service model comparison

IaaS

PaaS

SaaS

The most flexible cloud service.

Focus on application development.

Pay-as-you-go pricing model.

You configure and manage the hardware for your application.

Platform management is handled by the cloud provider.

Users pay for the software they use on a subscription model.

The following chart illustrates the various levels of responsibility between a cloud provider and
a cloud tenant.

What is serverless computing?

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the need for them to manage infrastructure. With serverless applications, the cloud service
provider automatically provisions, scales, and manages the infrastructure required to run the
code. Serverless architectures are highly scalable and event-driven, only using resources when
a specific function or trigger occurs.

It's important to note that servers are still running the code. The "serverless" name comes from
the fact that the tasks associated with infrastructure provisioning and management are
invisible to the developer. This approach enables developers to increase their focus on the
business logic, and deliver more value to the core of the business. Serverless computing helps
teams increase their productivity and bring products to market faster, and it allows
organizations to better optimize resources and stay focused on innovation.

Next unit: Knowledge check

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