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Define Database Management System

A database management system (DBMS) provides an environment for storing and retrieving data in an organized manner. It allows users to define schemas through data definition languages and manipulate data through data manipulation languages. The DBMS ensures data integrity and security through features like integrity constraints. It uses a multi-tier architecture with the database server managing the physical storage and retrieval of data from the database. Key components of a DBMS include the storage manager, query processor, and transaction manager which work together to provide a robust database system.

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46 views4 pages

Define Database Management System

A database management system (DBMS) provides an environment for storing and retrieving data in an organized manner. It allows users to define schemas through data definition languages and manipulate data through data manipulation languages. The DBMS ensures data integrity and security through features like integrity constraints. It uses a multi-tier architecture with the database server managing the physical storage and retrieval of data from the database. Key components of a DBMS include the storage manager, query processor, and transaction manager which work together to provide a robust database system.

Uploaded by

kaungmyet24
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. Define database management system?

Database management system (DBMS) is a collection of interrelated data and a set of


programs to access those data. The collection of data, usually referred to as the
database, contains information relevant to an enterprise.

2. What is the primary goal of a DBMS?


The primary goal of a DBMS is to provide an environment that is both convenient and
efficient for people to use in retrieving and storing information.

3. What is data model?


Data model is a collection of conceptual tools for describing data, data relationships,
data semantics, and consistency constraints.

4. List the categories of data model.


 Relational Model
 Entity-Relationship Model
 Semi-structured Data Model
 Object-Based Data Model

5. What is a relational model?


The relational model uses a collection of tables to represent both data and the
relationships among those data.

6. What is an entity-relationship model?


The entity-relationship (E-R) data model uses a collection of basic objects, called
entities, and relationships among these objects.

7. What is the data abstraction?


Hide the complexity of data structures to represent data in the database from users
through several levels of data abstraction.

8. Give the levels of data abstraction?


Levels of data abstraction are
 Physical level(internal level)
 Logical level(conceptual level)
 View level(external level)

9. What is a storage manager?


A storage manager is the component of database system that provides the interface
between the low-level data stored in the database and the application programs and
queries submitted to the system.

10. What are the components of storage manager?


The storage manager components include:
 Authorization and integrity manager
 Transaction manager
 File manager
 Buffer manager

11. Define data definition language (DDL) and data manipulation language (DML).
A data definition language (DDL) is a language for specifying the database schema
and other properties of the data.
Data manipulation language (DML) is a language that enables users to access or
manipulate data.
12. What is DML compiler?
DML compiler, which translates DML statements in a query language into an
evaluation plan consisting of low-level instructions that the query-evaluation engine
understands.
13. Describe three-tier architecture in modern database application?
Modern database applications use a three-tier architecture, where the client machine
acts as merely a front end and does not contain any direct database calls; web
browsers and mobile applications are the most commonly used application clients
today. The front end communicates with an application server. The application server,
in turn, communicates with a database system to access data.

14. Define integrity constraints.


Integrity constraints ensure that changes made to the database by authorized users do
not result in a loss of data consistency.

15. Define referential integrity constraints.


Referential-integrity constraints ensure that a value that appears in one relation for a
given set of attributes also appears for a certain set of attributes in another relation.
16. Define database administrator.
A person who has central control over the system is called a database administrator
(DBA).
17. List the functions of a database administrator.
Functions of a DBA include:
a. Schema definition
b. Storage structure and access-method definition
c. Schema and physical-organization modification
d. Granting of authorization for data access
e. Routine maintenance

18. What is meant by data redundancy?


Data redundancy occurs in a relational database when two or more tuples or attributes
have the same value or repetitive value leading to unnecessary utilization of the
memory.
19. What is relational algebra?
The relational algebra consists of a set of operations that take one or two relations as
input and produce a new relation as their result.

20. Super Key: A super K is an attribute or a set of attributes, that identifies a unique tuple
in a relation .No two distinct tuples have the same values.

21. Candidate Key: A relation will have more than one attribute that can serve as a
primary key. Any key or minimum set of keys that could be a primary key is called a
candidate key.

22. Primary Key: A primary key is an attribute or a set of attributes, that uniquely
identifies any tuple in a relation .Prohibited for having same value on the key
attributes of any two tuples. Choose one of the candidate keys as primary key.

23. Foreign Key: Foreign key is an attribute or set of attributes, within an relation that
matches candidate key of some relation.
Foreign key constraint: Value in one relation must appear in another
-Referencing relation
-Referenced relation.

24. What is a transaction? Describe two SQL statement for end of transaction.
A transaction consists of a sequence of query and/or update statement. Two SQL
statements for end of transaction are: commit work and rollback work.

25. What are the views useful for?


Views are useful for hiding unneeded information and for gathering together information
from more than one relation into a single view.

26. What is the responsibility of the concurrency-control manager?


The responsibility of the concurrency-control manager to control the interaction and
the concurrent transactions, to ensure the consistency of the database.

27. What is a recursive relationship?


A relationship between two entities of a similar entity type is called
a recursive relationship. In recursive relation, the same entity type participates in a
relationship type more than once, playing a different role in each instance.

28. What is the goal of normalization?


The goal of normalization is the process of structuring and handling the relationship
between data to minimize redundancy in the relational table and avoid the
unnecessary anomalies properties from the database like insertion, update and delete.

29. Why is database decomposition necessary?


The only way to avoid the repetition of information problem in original schema is to
decompose it into several smaller schemas.
30. What are the functional components of a database system?
The functional components of a database system can be broadly divided into the
storage manager, the query processor components, and the transaction management
component.

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