UNIVERSITY OF NUEVA CACERES

Pre Board Examination

GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING

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GROUP PROCESS

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one
answer for each item by shading the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer
sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. When a group leader concentrates more on the outcomes or achievements of the group, this is
an indication that the group is experiencing
A. affiliation C. interaction
B. confidence D. closure

2. The program development model which requires the counselor to strictly follow the steps to
make sure that the designed program will be responsive to the needs of the target population is
known as ___________.
A. comprehensive C. multi-level
B. systematic D. integrated

3. A group leader who observed that the members were rather hesitant to talk
during the session expressed, "It appears that we have difficulty trusting one another". This
leader is demonstrating ___________.
A. drawing out C. emotional stimulation
B. meaning attribution D. direction setting

4. Which of these groups for older adults usually end up with allowing members to find joy in
being together and showing appreciation for each other's presence?
A. Growth C. Task
B. Re-orientation D. Re-motivation

5. Group. Leader: “I noticed that we have spent so much time on how to take risks. I would like
our group to talk about the drawbacks and advantages of taking risks" Which of the following
group leadership skills is used by this leader?
A. Shifting the focus C. Holding the focus
B. cutting-off D. Drawing out

6. A group member who constantly states, "What is the meaning of what we are doing here"
during the initial stage of a group process tends to indicate ____________.
A. lack of trust C. low tolerance
B. high independence D. lack of focus

7. A leader who is trying to structure the group’s initial session by encouraging members to
speak only when they are invited to do so is known to evoke which of the following behaviors?
A. Calculated C. Dependent
B. Aggressive D. Confused

8. In a group counseling session, the counselor asked Flora to dialogue with her father in fantasy
about her difficult childhood experiences with him to enable her to experience the "present". This
group counselor is using a procedure from ___________ counseling philosophy.
A. Adlerian
B. rational-emotive behavior
C. transactional an ~lysis
D. Gestalt

9. The counselor conducting this group aims to achieve the desired goals of this group to be
aware of and to experience the "present" to enhance a significant life. This counselor is using a
procedure associated with __________ counseling philosophy.
A. existential C. solution-focused
B. person – centered D. psychoanalytic

10. Examine the following counselor's tasks needed in starting a psychoeducation group for
people who are grieving the loss of a pet in the community. Which of these items should be
considered FIRST by the counselor?
A. Assess and diagnose C. Recruit and screen
B. Find resources D. Plan and organize

11. A group of ten (10) high school students were referred by the teachers for their tendency to
disrespect authorities; To ensure the success of a program to be designed for this group" Which
of these procedures is the MOST important for the counselor to consider?
A. Talk to officer s of parents' association
B. Discuss the problems with colleagues
C. Generate ideas from administrators
D. Consult with concerned teachers
12. After the session, one counselor asks his co - facilitator, " It’s been four weeks, what changes
do you see taking place in this group". Which of the following items is being practiced by the
counselor?
A. Participating l n the group
B. Re-organizing : he group
C. Evaluating the group
D. Auditing the group

13. Lina, a counselor assigned to the community, is preparing a group

intervention program for young adults. The MOST important factor which Lina is expected to
consider in preparing the needed and appropriate intervention program is __________.
A. needs of the participants
B. adequate funds, materials
C. type of groups
D. prioritized goals

14. A designed counseling program is scheduled to be implemented simultaneously with other

existing programs. To ensure a successful program implementation, which of the following
actions is the MOST important to do?
A. Emphasize that the counseling program is an independent program
B. Ensure that th1 program is supported by unit heads.
C. Indicate that the counseling program is the priority
D. Coordinate details of the program with other existing programs

15. Which of the following statements is the MOST important reason for evaluating the designed
program?
A. Check which services were managed appropriately
B. Examine which activities were appreciated by the participants
C. Determine the effectiveness of the designed services
D. Track the program development process.

l6. Which of the following statements is the BEST item for evaluating service-related goals?
A. "I will recommend this group to others"
B. "The tools used in the activities were very good"
C. "The venue of the activity was satisfactory"
D. "The group leader used appropriate materials"

17. It is Joey's first group and he was ambivalent about coming·. several members shared where
they have been compared to their peaceful state at the moment and how the group has helped
them. Noting the progress of these members, which of the following items will Joey likely
experience?
A. Installation of hope C. Catharsis
B. Universality D. Existential factor

18. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A. Scapegoating is a common occurrence in group
B. The scapegoat is a non-conformist who plays a role in the group
C. The scapegoat has a countertherapeutic impact on the group.
D. The emergence of a scapegoat is not potentially destructive

19. This group of adults is at the transition stage of group process. Thelma, one of the group
members, was observed as very silent during the session. The MOST appropriate way to assist
Thelma is to _____________.
A. comment on Thelma's silence
B. let others help Thelma by speaking for her
C. invite Thelma to participate
D. consistently call Thelma to talk

20. Brandon, a practicing counselor, is forming a group for adolescents and he is contemplating
whether to have a homogenous or heterogenous group membership. Which of the following
items is the BEST guide for Brandon's decision?
A. Length of sessions C. Group size
B. Group goals D. Setting of sessions

21. A group leader's skill of making sense of member's participation without labeling is ______.
A. integrating C. diagnosing
B. linking D. suggesting

22. The first step a counselor takes in beginning a group is to ___________.

A. identify specific rules
B. get the support of the supervisor
C. develop a rationale for the group
D. list needed activities

23, which of the following items is NOT among the principles of program development?
A. Programmed services are interdependent.
B, Programs are coordinated with other units.
C. program development is a steady process.
D. programs are carried out through specific services.

24. "Tell me about the techniques you have used in this counseling", is a kind of question used to
determine the ______________.
A. counseling framework used
B. counseling progress
C. counseling goals
D. counseling outcome

25. Which of these program evaluations is MORE focused on appraising the manner used in
achieving the program's set goals?
A. Formative C. Outcome-based
B. Process-based D. summative

26. The group leader believes that the scapegoat. is only a problem because of ___________.
A. group forces C. an ineffective leader
B. changes in role D. individual differences

27. Which of the following items is the MOST unhelpful type of questions to use in groups?
A. searches for causes of behavior
B. removes people from identified group members
C. distracts the attention of members
D. probes f6r unrelated information

28. Which of the following items is considered the LEAST effective way of supervising a group
leader?
A. Having 2 or more leaders monitor the group process
B. Listening to an audiotaped group session
C. Reviewing the significant episodes in a group activity
D. Assigning another leader to facilitate the group session

29. A leader's comment to a member, "You seem rather strong on getting Maria to talk more",
indicates that the leader is _________.
A. reminding members to focus
B. managing undue pressure on other people
C. modeling his/her style
D. inviting members to actively participate

30. The counselor of this group is putting much attention on assisting the members to examine
their lifestyles and eventually act on them. This procedure used by the counselor is associated
with _________ .
A. Adlerian C. solution-focused
B. person-centered D. reality
31. Group Counselor: "Ryan, how do want to respond to Rizza?" This counselor statement
demonstrates ____________ leadership skill.
A. facilitating C. leveling off
B. reality testing D. encouraging

32. Initiating is a needed leadership skill in providing direction to groups. On the other hand, the
use of this skill becomes counterproductive when the leader ___________.
A. directs members to watch over the group
B. directs the group structure ·
C. offers solutions to address group's concerns
D. accommodates all group’s suggestions

33. The most important goal of a support group for women who are victims of physical abuse is
_______.
A. achieve group goals
B. members to confront issues
C. strong bond with group members.
D. more control of their lives

34. Of the following items, which is the BEST reason why an adequate appraisal of the needs of
target population is an important part of the program design?
A. Come up with accurate diagnoses
B. Identify counselor's availability
C. Win the support of target population's significant others
D. Prepare the needed resources
35. The group counselor is challenging a female member to behave differently when she
expressed her realization that her bullheadedness is the main reason why she regularly failed in
class. This group interaction used by the counselor is ___________.
A. reaction formation C. working through
B. resistance D. integration

36. Which of the following counseling orientations is known for asking the group members to
constantly follow their plans and the counselor is with them throughout the counseling
relationship?
A. Reality C. Existential
B. Gestalt D. Cognitive

37. The group technique which requires the leader and some group members to ignore some
members who tend to bring into the discussion some irrelevant information and attention of the
group is given only when they talk about useful materials is __________.
A. extinction C. cutting off
B. reinforcement D. drawing out

38. In organizing a brief group intervention for teenagers in a community, which of the following
actions is the MOST important for the counselor to take?
A. Ensure the support and approval of colleagues
B. Determine the time frame
C. Identify the ground rules for the participants
D. Link up the group goals to the overall institutions' mission

39. When a member uses the between-session for consultation on issues discussed in the group,
which BEST action is. the counselor expected to implement?
A. Require the member to being the issue into the group
B. Share with the group the issue presented by the member
C. Keep the discussion between the counselor and member
D. Assure the member of the counselor's support

40, The MOST crucial consideration in deciding on co-leadership in groups is ________ .

A, group composition C. agenda
B. competence D. group size

41. Which of these group counseling techniques is used by a counselor who uses the
transactional analysis framework to examine the destructive and repetitive interactions in
groups?
A. contract C. Giving strokes
B. Game analysis D. Life scripts

42. If the person is to be understood, the person must be seen in the light of how the person
views the world and not merely how the world really is. This belief is associated with ________
theory.
A. systems C. behavior
B. cognitive D. field

43. At what stage of the group process can the leader discuss the issue of confidentiality?
A. Various stag.es of the sessions
B. Screening of members
C. Storming
D. Working

44. Which of these counseling orientations is using the systematic and comprehensive
assessment of the individual's complaints in the early part of the intervention program?
·
A. Reality C. Behavior
B. Transactional analysis D. Adlerian

45. Group member: "I really appreciate your candid response to my question". This statement is
an example of a/an ______________.
A. assurance C. feedback
B. association D. invitation

46. The standard that the group members come up with to control or guide the behaviors of the
participants is ___________.
A. process C. decisions
B. atmosphere D. norm

47. Lei, a female counselor, wants to make sure that her counseling program puts much
importance on the manager's acceptance of responsibilities and evaluation of results. In this
situation, which of these program development models is the BEST to use?
A. Planning, programming and budgeting system
B. Management by objectives
C. Comprehensive guidance and counseling program model
D. Systems approach

48. Mercy, a practicing counselor, is managing a group of high school students and she noticed
that they tend to rely more on feeling-based judgments and learn best from specific examples.
Which of the following items indicates the type of learners in Mercy’s group?
A. Concrete C. Global
B. Fast D. Visual

49, The MOST important influencing variable in achieving group outcome is ________.
A. personal achievement
B. enthusiasm for doing group work
C. counselor's good intention
D. counselor ' s education and training

50. Which of these stages of group development is known for having members who feel free and
comfortable in trying out new behaviors?
A. Forming C. Storming
B. Structuring D. Working

51. Letty, a practicing counselor, sees to it that she is always

professional and ethical in managing groups. To avoid haphazard use of
techniques, she selects her strategies based on relationship and _____________.
A. theory C. values
B. experience D. interest

52. A significant feature of this group session is asking the members to identify the direction
they intend to pursue to achieve what they desire. The counselor of this group is using the
procedure from ________ counseling framework.
A. reality C. existential
B. Gestalt D. cognitive

53. This group is at the working stage and the counselor is facilitating the activity on practicing
self-disclosure as a therapeutic factor in groups. Which of the following statements is TRUE
about self-disclosure?
A. Saying more than what is necessary for others to understand
B. Sharing present unresolved personal issues
C. Giving swift feelings and reactions about self
D. It is talking about safe topics

54. A group counselor is observed as helping members to overcome communication barriers and
assisting them in increasing their responsibility for the direction of the group. Which of the
following items captures this leader's behavior?
A. Empathizing C. Facilitating
B. Interpreting D. Linking

55, A counselor usually uses encouragement in dealing with the members and adheres to the law
of natural consequence. This counselor is using a procedure from _____ counseling orientation.
A. reality C. existential
B. Adlerian D. Gestalt

56. In giving reports to the group, which of the following items is the MOST important for a
leader to consider?
A. Praise the group adequately
B. Consider more qualitative comments about the group
C. Share information that the group is ready to accept and use
D. Provide the group only with factual and positive information

57. The statement which indicates the BEST meaning associated with
"counselor's personal power" is __________.
A. one's ability to defend him/herself when needed
B. being aware of who they are and what they want
C. counselor's perception of being appreciated
D. He/ She feels light about one ' s limitations

58. In designing intervention programs, which of these principles is the MOST important to take
if input and support for change are needed?
A. Developed program is independent
B. Certain designed program is more important than others
C. Developed program is interrelated
D. one designed program is the priority

59. The MOST important information to be included in the professional disclosure statements is
________.
A. group goals
B. counselor's qualification
C. nature of groups
D. services offered

60. What type of group membership is usually difficult for counselors to ensure a more effective
and influential group process?
A. mixed C. new
B. voluntary D. non-voluntary

61. A practicing counselor always asks clients to evaluate all their actions by asking them how
effective they are at getting what they want. Which of the following counseling orientations is
the basis of using this procedure?
A. Adlerian C. Cognitive
B. Gestalt D. Reality

62. Ofelia, a practicing counselor, always asks the clients in groups to use “I statement” instead
of “It statements" to increase the sense of the client's responsibility. Which of the following
counseling orientations influenced Ofelia’s use of this technique?
A. cognitive C. Existential
B. Person-centered D. Gestalt

63. Which of these group counseling orientations believes that human behavior is not a reaction
to outside events, but is brought about by internal or psychological needs like the need for
power?
A. Person-centered C. Existential
B. Transactional analysis D. Reality

64. Group Member: "Okay, now I am telling you how I feel in this group. Juliet, does it make
you extremely happy?" This statement came from a/an _________ member.
A. complacent C. sarcastic
B. angry D. hurt

65. Which of the following items is the MOST significant counselor characteristic needed to
achieve success in groups?
A. Appropriate use of assessment tools
B. Use of varied techniques
C. Counselors presence
D. Good intention of counselors

66. During the initial session with a group with mandatory members, Lito, the counselor, stressed
to the group the reporting procedures required by the institution. Which of the following items
covers this ethical practice?
A. Leaving the group C. Screening of members
B. confidentiality D. Equitable treatment

6 7. Screening future member3 of a group calls for rigid procedure. It is generally known that a
group member who is considered INAPPRORIATE to join a group is __________.
A. a recent retiree with generalized anxiety
B. a mother with postpartum depression
C. a young adult with bipolar disorder who is easily irritated
D. an adolescent with school refusal

68. When group members are described as highly motivated to stay together and share positive
feelings, this group is known to be ___________.
A. goal focused C. task oriented
B. cohesive D. dynamic

69. The counselor of this group stresses the importance of being always aware of themselves and
the choices available to them in relation to achieving personal growth. Which of these counseling
frameworks influenced this practice of the counselor?
A, Rational 7 emotive be1~vior
B. Transactional analysis
C. Gestalt
D. Existential

70. Which of the following items is associated with divisiveness in group?

A. risk-taking C. polarization
B. disruption D. individuation
71. During the working stage of a group, the members find it necessary to carry out behaviors
they practice within the group and to execute these outside of the group for the purpose of
practicing these skills in real life situation. Which of these items is related to this group's task
process?
A. Role play C. Teamwork
B. Contract D. Homework

72. A group counselor who works with adolescents believes that individuals behave according to
their goals in life which are from inferiority to perfection. This group counselor comes from
______ counseling perspective.
A. Adlerian C. existential
B. transactional analysis D. person-centered

73. The leader of this group is assisting Mon, a group member, to remember how he confidently
shared his thoughts and feelings with the group when he felt not ready yet to join another group.
This procedure is needed at the _____ stage of a group process
A. terminal C. storming
B. initial D. working

7 4. Select from the following items the group leader's trait of being involved and moved by the
participants' experiences but being able to separate self from the members' situations.
A. Caring C. Presence
B. Confidence D. Dedication

75. After discussing her academic problems with her counselor, Hiyas informed her counselor
that some of her classmates are experiencing similar concerns. Hiyas suggested that her
classmates could be invited to join a group to tackle this problem. Which of the following tasks
could be BEST used by the counselor to start working on Hiyas suggestion?
A. Plan the theme for the group sessions
B. Provide for needed resources
C. Generate willing and supportive members
D. Prepare a group plan

76. Leila, who does not execute her positive choices to address her concerns was asked by her
groupmates to debunk her unproductive action of blaming others for her failures in life. Leila's
group is facilitated by a counselor who comes from ______ counseling theory.
A. Adlerian C. transactional analysis
B. existential D. person-centered
77. Joan, a high school guidance counselor, is forming a group for her grade 9 class and she puts
emphasis on the need of her class to learn the appropriate ways of interacting with the opposite
gender. Which of the following items guided Joan’s action?
A. Rational for the group C. Screening .m embers
B. Theoretical format D. Group considerations

78. Which of the following items does a democratic leader specifically rely on MOST? His/Her
ability to ___________.
A. take the members' frame of reference to readily achieve group goals
B. interpret situations and encourage members to accept these
C. allow the members to discern about and discuss the issues profitably
D. lead the members to go along with the track he/she planned

79. Which of the following statements is the BEST indicator of a group member's misuse of
support, known as "band-aiding" during group process?
A. Instructing a member on what to do best
B. Using one's thoughts excessively to avoid dealing with personal feelings
C. Allowing members to ventilate feelings than fully expressing their emotional pains
D. Constantly asking questions to detach oneself f from the group discussion

80. Interdependence in personal relations among group members is usually reached at ____ stage
of group development.
A. organization C. problem-solving
B. information flow D. orientation

81. The MOST significant factor for an individual to decide on changing his/her negative
behavior is __________.
A. being convinced that society has an impact on one's behavior
B. believing that relationship with others is always positive
C. hav1.ng a belief. that the individual can influence his/her behavior
D. thinking about the influence of significant friends on one's performance

82. What is the MOST important reason why group . counselors are cautioned
against entering a dual relationship?
A. Objectivity is impaired
B. Clients may become dependent
C. Clients may not comply with assigned task
D, Friendships are violated
83. Choose from the following group procedures which is BEST used at the beginning stage of a
group with an aim of assisting members to relate well with one another physically and
psychologically.
A. Joining C. Suggesting
B. Linking D. Sharing

84. Which of the following skills is used by a group leader in assisting each member to
appropriately share his/her observations of the member’s behaviors to facilitate each member's
decision to change?
A. Feedback giving C. Interpreting
B. Supporting D. Evaluati.ng

85. This group technique known for providing the participants with opportunities to re-enact
situations they have e experienced or they are experiencing is ___________.
A. simulation C. role play
B. rehearsal D. dramatization

86. Terry, a group member, decided to drop from her group and Terry's behavior was viewed by
her counselor as her best judgment to leave the group. Which of these counseling frameworks
influenced the counselor's view of Terry ' s decision?
A. Person – centered
B. Rational – emotive behavior
C. Adlerian
D. Reality

87. The counselor in this group is assisting the members to manage their concerns by avoiding
the use of a rigid procedure in interpreting the participants' thoughts and behaviors. This
counselor is using an approach from ________ counseling theory.
A. existential C. Adlerian
B. person-centered D. solution-focused

88. One of the important tasks played by group members which usually adds to the positive
performance of the group is __________ role.
A. gate keeping C. maintenance
B. controlling D. building

89. Determine from these items which is considered the MOST important trait of an effective
group leader.
A. Belief in the group process
B. Openness to new ideas
C. Willingness to be evaluated
D. Available to all

90. In this group, Lita's behavior of habitually criticizing others was addressed by praising her
when she started talking positively of others and attention was given her when she talked
objectively of others. This technique used by the group is_______.
A. facilitation C. modeling
B. recognition D. reinforcement

91. Which of the following items is the MOST crucial determinant of how well he/she will
function as a group facilitator?
A. Leadership skills C. Leadership style
B. Interest in group work D. Personal life

92. Counselor: "I noticed that many group members are- talking about important people in their
lives who are not here, and we can’t work with them. Instead, I want you to recognize how their
behaviors affect you". Which of these stages of group development is being managed by the
counselor?
A. Working C. Beginning
B. Transition D. Ending

93. Which of the following items is VERY necessary to consider in scheduling program services
and setting priorities?
A. Make sure that the program is understood by all
B. Make sure that the program is articulated with the institution’s mission
C. Get the support of other decision-makers
D. Offer the services to the other units

94. In a mixed group of young adults, a member who opted to neglect his/her
concern to satisfy the concerns of other members is exhibiting which of these items?
A. Projection C. Empathy
B. Accommodation D. Good will

95. Which of the following items BEST captures the member's role of trying to make the group
operate within the agreed-upon norms and rules?
A. Gate keeper C. Observer
B. Evaluator D. Follower

96. A term used to describe a group when members pursue a topic other than a significant issue
to avoid the real tasks at hand is ________.
A. avoidance C. denial
B. fight D. flight

97. One group exercise being used by this counselor is asking the participants to convert their
questions to statement! to help them become more aware of their thoughts and feelings. This
counselor use procedure from ________ counseling orientation.
A. cognitive C. Adlerian
B. Gestalt D. person-centered

98. Select from the following Adlerian techniques which is used in assisting
group members to examine their lifestyles in relation to their mistaken ideas of self and to
identify their potentials and strength.
A. Encouragement C. Stimulation
B. Enactment D. Identification

99. Equitable treatment of group members indicates that the counselor is _________.
A. recognizing and respecting differences
B. allowing a member to lead the group discussion
C. giving less attention to a silent member
D. accepting a dominant member

100. Determine which of these items is the FIRST step to take in planning a group intervention
program for college students.
A. Determine what has existed in recent years
B. List the appropriate and needed support
C. Search for needed funds and materials
D. Identify possible qualified facilitators

101. Which of the following elements affects the group's development and productivity that
involves the actual works, ideas and information exchange within a group?
A. Content C. Structure
B. Membership D. Action

102. When leaders do not meet to process the dynamics of a co-led group and to identify its
direction, which of these limitations is being experienced by the group?
A. Lack of coordination
B. Competition between leaders
C. Conflict in leadership
D. Uncertain about individual roles
103. Using the behavior counseling approach, the stage which is more focused on consistently
doing the desired actions without the support of the counselor is known as _________.
A. maintenance C. follow-up
B. generalization D. extinction

104. A group leader is always reminding her/his group that the ''general direction of life is from
minus to plus". This group leader is using the procedure based on ______ counseling framework.
A, Adlerian C. Gestalt
B. person-centered D. solution-focused

***E N D***

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