CHAPTER-4 OUTDOOR TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS (UPTO & INCLUDING 100 KVA)

Distribution Transformers upto 100 kVA

1. Outdoor Type Three-Phase 11 kV/433-250 V Distribution Transformers upto and including 100 kVA.
1.1 Scope: This section covers oil-immersed, naturally cooled, three-phase, 50 Hz, double-wound, outdoor type distribution transformers of capacities 25, 50, 63 and 100 kVA for use on systems with nominal voltages of 11 kV. Unless otherwise modified in this specification, the distribution transformers shall comply with the latest versions of Indian Standard Specifications IS : 1180(Part I) and IS: 2026. 1.2 Standard Ratings The standard ratings shall be 25, 50, 63 and 100 kVA. 2.0 STANDARDS: 2.1 The materials shall conform in all respect to the relevant Indian / International Standard Specification, with latest amendments thereof, some of them are listed below:

Indian Standard

Title

International & Internationally recognized standard

ISS-2026/1977 ISS-1180

Specification for Power Transformer Outdoor distribution Transformer upto and Including 100 KVA

IEC 76

ISS-335/1983 REC Specification 39/1993 ISS-2099-1973 ISS-7421/1976 ISS-3347

Specification for Oil

BS148 ASTM D-1275 D-1473, D-1533-1934 IEC Pub 296-1969

Specification for High voltage Porcelain Bushings Specification for Low voltage bushings Specification for Outdoor Bushings DIN 42531 to 33

ISS-12444 ISS-5484 ISS-5/1961 No. 632 ISS-6600/1972

Specification for Cu Wire rods Specification for Al Wire rods Specification for Colors for ready mixed paints Guide for loading of oil immersed Transformers

ASTM B 49 ASTM B 233

Material conforming to other internationally accepted standards, which ensure equal or higher quality than the standards mentioned above would also be acceptable. In case the Bidders who wish to offer material conforming to the other standards, salient points of difference between the standards adopted and the specific standards shall be clearly brought out in relevant schedule. Four copies of such standards with authentic English Translations shall be furnished alongwith the offer. 3.0 SERVICE CONDITIONS The distribution transformers to be supplied against this Specification shall be suitable for satisfactory continuous operation under the following climatic conditions as per IS:2026 (Part I) Latest Revision

i.

Location:

At various locations in the country

ii.

Max ambient air temperature (Deg. C)

:50

iii.

Min ambient air temperature (Deg. C)

:-5

iv.

Max average daily ambient air temperature (deg. C)

:40

v.

Max. Yearly weighed average ambient temperature (Deg. C)

:32

vi.

Max. Altitude above mean sea level (Meters) 4.0 PRINCIPAL PARAMETERS

:1000

Sl. No.

Item Continuous rated capacity

Specification 25 kVA 50 kVA 63 kVA 100 kVA

System voltage (max.) Rated voltage HV Rated voltage LV Line current HV Line current LV Frequency No. of phases Connection HV Connection LV

12 kV 11 kV 433-250 V 1.31 A 33.33 A 50 c/s Three Delta Star (Neutral brought out)

12 kV 11 kV 433-250 V 2.62 66.60 50 c/s Three Delta Star (Neutral brought out)

12 kV 11 kV 433-250 V 3.306 A 84.0 A 50 c/s Three Delta Star (Neutral brought out)

12 kV 11 kV 433-250 V 5.25 A 133.0 A 50 c/s Three Delta Star (Neutral brought out)

5.0 No-Load Voltage Ratios The no-load voltage ratios shall be as follows:

a. 11000/433-250 V for 25, 50, 63 and 100 kVA. b. 10450/433-250 V for 100 kVA only, whenever specified.
6.0 Taps No taps are to be provided in these transformers. 7.0 Winding Connections and Vectors 7.1 The primary winding shall be connected in delta and the secondary winding in star (vector symbols Dy 11), so as to produce a positive displacement of 30 degree from the primary to the secondary vector of the same phase. The neutral of the secondary winding shall be brought out to a separate insulated terminal. 8.0 OIL The insulating oil shall comply with the requirements of relevant standards IS:335 / 1993 or BS:148 or REC 39/1993. Oil shall be filled under vacuum. 9.0 Fittings The following standard fittings shall be provided.

a. Two earthing terminals. b. Oil level gauge indicating three positions of oil, marked as follows:
Minimum (-5 degree C)

30 degree C Maximum (98 degree C)

c. d. e. f. g. h. i.

Lifting lugs Rating and terminal marking plate(s) Silica gel or any other type of breather, as required by the purchaser. Drain-cum-sampling valve (steel) of the type welded to the tank. The special tool for operating this valve shall be supplied with the transformer. Thermometer pocket for 63 and 100 kVA units. Filling hole having P 1-1/4 thread (with cover) on the transformer body/conservator. Bimetallic terminal connector on the HV/LV bushings .

10.0 Conservators 10.1 On transformers of 63, and 100 kVA, the provision of conservator is obligatory and for 25 and 50 kVA transformers, the manufacturers may adopt their standard practices. 10.2 When a conservator is fitted, the oil gauge and the plain breathing device shall be fixed to the conservator which shall also be provided with a drain plug and a filling hole with a cover. In addition the cover of the main tank shall be provided with an air release plug to enable trapped air to be released unless the conservator is so located as to eliminate the possibility of air being trapped in the main tank. 10.3 The inside diameter of the pipe connecting the conservator to the main tank shall be within 20 to 50 mm and it should project into the conservator in such a way that its end is approximately 20 mm above the bottom of the conservator, so as to create a sump for collection of impurities. The minimum oil level (corresponding to 5 degree C) should be above the sump level. 11.0 Surface preparation and painting of tank 11.1 Steel surface shall be prepared by sand/shot blast or chemical clearing including phosphating as per IS:3618. 11.2 Heat resistance paint (Hot oil proof) shall be provided inside the tank. 11.3 On external surface one coat of Thermo setting powder paint or two coats of zinc chromate followed by two coats of synthetic enamel paint of dark admiral gray shade conforming to No. 632 of IS:-5 of 1961 shall be provided. 12.0 Rating and Terminal Marking (Plate(s) Each transformer shall be provided with non-detachable rating and terminal marking plate(s) of weather proof material, fitted in a visible position and showing the complete information as given under clause 17 of IS: 1180 (Part I) 1981. 13.0 Limits of Temperature Rise 13.1 The temperature rise shall not exceed the limits of 55 degree C (measured by resistance) for transformer windings and 45 degree C (measured by thermometer) in top oil when tested in accordance with IS : 2026.

14. Loss Values

kVA No load losses (fixed Loss)(watts) 25 50 63 100 100 150 180 260 Load losses at 75 degree C(Watts) 685 1020 1235 1760

These losses are maximum allowable and there would not be any plus tolerance. However, the manufacturer can offer losses less than above. The offer will be evaluated as per the loss evaluation formula given in REC, K-5 Standard 1997 as amended upto date. Loss capitalization factor for 2001-2002 may to taken as follow: 1. Iron loss Rs.2, 17, 515/kW 2. Copper loss Rs.28, 772/kW 15.0 Impedance: The recommended percentage impedance at 75 degree C is 4.5% subject to a tolerance as per IS : 2026. 16.0 Winding conductor material : Double paper covered insulated electrolytic aluminum/super enamel copper conductor 17.0 Overfluxing The transformer shall be suitable for overfluxing (due to combined effect of voltage and frequency) up to 12.5 percent on any tapping without injurious heating at full load conditions. The maximum flux density in any part of the core under such condition shall not exceed 1.9 Tesla. The supplier shall furnish necessary design data in support of this stipulation. 18.0 Core Material : CRGO or Amorphous Metal

19.0 Tests and Inspection 19.1 Routine Tests: All transformers shall be subjected to routine tests at the manufacturers works in accordance with IS : 2026 and IS : 1180 (Part I). The following tests are to be carried out:

a. b. c. d.

Measurement of winding resistance Measurement of voltage ratio and check of voltage vector relationship Measurement of impedance voltage/short circuit impedance and load-loss Measurement of no-load loss and current

e. Measurement of insulation resistance f. Induced over-voltage withstand test g. Separate-source voltage withstand test.
19.2 Type Tests: In addition to the routine tests, the following type tests may be made as per details in IS 2026.

a. b. c. d. e.

Lightning impulse-test. Temperature rise test. Short-circuit test Air pressure test Unbalanced current test: the value of unbalance current shall not be more than 2% of the full load current.

Note: Purchaser reserves the right to get all or any type test carried out on one sample per 100 unit of transformer at the cost of supplier from any recognized laboratory / government test house. 19.3 The supplier shall furnish calculations in accordance with IS : 2026 to demonstrate the thermal ability of the transformers to withstand short-circuit. 20.0 Inspection 20.1 All tests and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacturer unless otherwise especially agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser at the time of purchase. The manufacturer shall afford the inspector representing the purchaser all reasonable facilities, without charge to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this specification. 20.2 The purchaser has the right to have the tests carried out at his own cost by an independent agency whenever there is dispute regarding the quality of supply. 21.0 Test Voltage 21.1 Transformer shall be capable of withstanding the power frequency and impulse teat voltage prescribed below: Nominal syatem Voltage 11kv rms highest test volatge 12kv rms impulse test voltage 75 kv peak power frequency 28kv rms

CHAPTER-6

OUTDOOR TYPE COMPLETELY SELF-PROTECTED DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS (UPTO & INCLUDING 100KVA)
Completely Self Protected Distribution Transformers 1.0 Outdoor type Three phase 11 kV / 433-250 V Completely Self Protected distribution transformers upto and including 100 kVA. 1.1 Scope: This section covers oil immersed, naturally cooled three phase, 50 Hz, double-wound, outdoor type completely self-protected (CSP) distribution transformers of capacities 25, 50, 63, and 100 kVA for use on systems with nominal voltages of 11 kV. Unless otherwise modified in this specification, the CSP distribution transformers shall comply with the latest versions of Indian Standard Specifications IS:1180 (Part I and Part II) and IS: 2026. The transformers shall be equipped with circuit breakers on LT side, 11 kV fuses and 11 kV lightning Arrestors on HV side as integral parts of the equipment. 1.2 Standard Ratings The standard ratings of CSP Transformers shall be 25, 50, 63, and 100 kVA. 2.0 STANDARDS: 2.1 The materials shall conform in all respect to the relevant India / International Standard Specification, with latest amendments thereof, some them are listed below: Indian Standard Title International & Internationally recognized standard Specification for Power Transformer ISS-1180 Outdoor distribution Transformer upto and Including 100 KVA ISS-335/1983 REC Specification 39/1993 ISS-2099-1973 ISS-7421/1976 Specification for High voltage Porcelain Bushings Specification for Low voltage bushings Specification for Oil BS148 ASTM D-1275 D-1473, D-1533-1934 IEC Pub 296-1969

ISS-2026/1977

IEC 76