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Arrays

1. An array is a group of related data items that share a common name and can be accessed using an index number. For example, an array called salary could store the salaries of a group of employees. 2. Arrays in Java can be declared in two forms using square brackets after the type, and must be initialized with the new keyword followed by the type and size. 3. Arrays can be initialized by assigning values to indexes, or with a list of values in curly braces which the compiler uses to allocate space.

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50 views3 pages

Arrays

1. An array is a group of related data items that share a common name and can be accessed using an index number. For example, an array called salary could store the salaries of a group of employees. 2. Arrays in Java can be declared in two forms using square brackets after the type, and must be initialized with the new keyword followed by the type and size. 3. Arrays can be initialized by assigning values to indexes, or with a list of values in curly braces which the compiler uses to allocate space.

Uploaded by

RameshPrasadBhatta
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Arrays: An array is a group of contiguous or related data items that share a

common name. For example, we can define an array name salary to represent a
set of salaries of a group of employees. A particular value is indicated by
writing a number called index number or subscript in brackets after the array
name. For example,
Salary [10]
one-dimensional array :A list of items can be given one variable name using
only one subscript and such a variable is called a single-subscripted variable
or a one-dimensional array.

Declaration of an array:
Array in java may be declared in two forms:
Form1
type arrayname [];

Form2
Type [] arrayname;

For example,
int number [];
int [] number;
Creation of Arrays:
After declaring an array, we need to create it in the memory. Java allows us to create arrays using new
operator only, as shown below:

Arrayname = new type [size]


For example:
Number = new int [5];
Initialization of Arrays:
The final step is to put values into the array created. This process is known as initialization. This is done
using the array subscripts as shown below:

Arrayname [subscript] = value;

For example,
Number [0] = 35;
Number [1] = 40;

We can also initialize a list of values separated by commas and surrounded by curly braces. Note that no
size id given. The compiler allocates enough space for all the elements specified in the list. For example:
int number [] = {35, 40, 20, 57, 19};

// Program for displaying a list of numbers by using arrays


class ArrayTest
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int number[] = {55,40,80,60,70};
int n = number.length;
System.out.println("Given list is :");
for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
System.out.println("Number " + i +": " + number[i]);

}
}

Two-Dimensional Arrays: A list of items can be given one variable name using two
subscript and such a variable is called a two-subscripted variable or a two-
dimensional array.

Declaration of variable:
int myArray [] [];
Creating of array:
myArray [] [] = new int [3] [4];
Initialization of an array:
int myArray [] [] = {0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1};
This statement can also be written as
Int myArray [] [] = {{0, 0, 0},{1, 1, 1}};
We can also initialize two-dimensional array as

Int myArray [] [] = {
{0, 0, 0},
{1, 1, 1}
};
//Program to display Multiplication Table using two-dimensional //array.

class MulTable
{
final static int ROWS = 20;
final static int COLS =20;
public static void main(String args[])
{
int product[][] = new int [ROWS][COLS];
int row,col;
System.out.println("Multiplication Table");
int i,j;
for(i =10; i<ROWS; i++)
{
for(j=10;j<COLS;j++)
{
product[i][j] = i*j;
System.out.print(" " + product[i][j]);
}
System.out.println(" ");
}
}
}

Instance data: The variable which allocates memory space for each instance of the
class is called instance data. In the above example, width, height, and depth are
instance data (or variable).
There are two methods to declare objects.

First method:
Box mybox = new Box (); Width
Height
mybox Depth

Second method:
Box mybox; Null
Mybox = new Box ();
mybox

Assigning object Reference Variables:

Box b1 = new Box (); Width


Box b2 = b1; Height
//……….. b1
b1 = null; Depth

Here, b1 has to set null, but b2


B1 points to the original object.

Introducing Methods:

The general form of a method:

Type method_name (parameter_list)


{
//body of method
}
Method: The member function used in the class is called the method. The method has
three parts. These are:
 Return type
 Function Name
 Parameters

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