8

MUSIC 8
Quarter 1 – Module 5
Vocal and Instrumental Music of
Southeast Asia

MUSIC –

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MUSIC – Grade 8
Self-Learning Module
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Vocal and Instrumental Music of Southeast Asia

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a
condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright
holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Janette Piscos Bonjoc

Management Team: Dr. Carlito D. Ricafort,CESO V-Regional Director

Rebonfamil R. Baguio , CESO V- Assistant Regional Director

Gildo Mosqueda, CESO V- Schoold Division

Arturo D. Tingson Jr.- REPS, LRMS

Peter Van C. Ang-ug- REPSMAPEH

MAgdaleno Duhilah Jr.- REPSMAPEH

Donna S. Panes- CID Chief

Judith Alba- Division EPS in-Charge of LRMS

Minette B. Tolete- Division MAPEH Coordinator

Edmund Guilam- Division MAPEH Coordinator

Department of Education – SOCSARGEN

Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy . Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal
Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: [email protected]

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Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by- step as
you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-test are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This
will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module, or if you need to ask
your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At
the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning.
Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest
in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to the facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help
you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this
SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. Read the
instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

Hello! Have you been to any countries of Southeast Asia? Can you name some
of those countries that you visited? Did you hear or listen their music? What can you
say about their music? Yes, their music is unique.

I know that some of you were not yet able to visit the different countries of
Southeast Asia. Did you know that each country has its distinct characteristics and
knowing about them will help you adapt and cope with their culture, and one way of
learning culture is through their music? In fact, this module is designed to help you
in identifying the vocal and instrumental music of Southeast Asia.

Most Essential Learning Competency:

• Listens perceptively to music of Southeast Asia (MU8SE-Ia-h-2)

• Analyzes musical elements of selected songs and instrumental pieces heard
and performed (MU8SE-I-h-4)
• Explores ways of producing sounds on a variety of sources that would
simulate instruments being studied (MU8SE-Ic-h-5)

Objectives:

At the end of this module, you as learner is expected to:

• Identify the different vocal and instrumental music of Southeast Asia;

• Listen to the different vocal and instrumental music of Southeast Asia.
• Express the importance of musical elements in the selected songs and
instrumental pieces of Southeast Asia; and

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 What I Know

Pre-test
Before we start our lesson, may I know what have you learned from your
previous lesson by answering the following questions.

1. What Malaysian musical ensembles is a form of martial art that is similar to

Taichi?
a. Agung and Kulintang
b. Dikir Barat
c. Kertok
d. Selat Melayo

2. It is a song literally means “loving feeling”?

a. Burung Kakatua
b. Chan Malia Chan
c. Loiloi Krathong
d. Rasa Sayang

3. In what country have musical instruments like Pat Waing, Kyi Waing, Chauk
Lon Pat and Maung Hsaing?
a. Cambodia
b. Indonesia
c. Myanmar
d. Malaysia

4. What is the national instrument of Myanmar?

a. Agung
b. Morlam
c. Kulintang
d. Saung Gauk

5. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Gamelan Orchestra?

a. It is used to accompany dances, songs and wayang kulit.
b. It is believed to possess supernatural power.
c. They believed that stepping over the instrument is a sign of disrespect.
d. All of the above

6. The following are examples of musical ensembles of Southeast Asia except:

a. Hsaing Wing
b. PinPeat
c. Mahori
d. Muang Thai

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7. What is the term for every kind of Gamelan music of Java?
a. Karawitan
b. Mahagita
c. Syncretic
d. Tieu nhac

8. The following countries belonged to Southeast Asia EXCEPT,

a. Cambodia
b. Myanmar
c. Pakistan
d. Vietnam

9. This refers to the female soloist singer who sings with a Gamelan.
a. Balinese
b. Gerong
c. Javanese
d. Pesindhen

10. How does multi-ethnic and multi-cultural plays a large role in Southeast
Asian music?
a. Through the interaction of other countries in Southeast Asia, most of the
music theory are visible to the musical style applied.
b. Because of the multi-cultural and multi-racial musical genre emerged, it
still to continue to live up even up to now.
c. Musical ensembles of Southeast Asia are greatly rooted with the influence
of multi-cultural group; thus, it shares common features with the tuning
system and instruments used that makes an exceptional musical style.
d. Musical principles and elements are all derived from the influential
countries that combines with the instruments that result to a unique
musical style.

11. The following statements are the functions of music to the lives of the
Southeast Asia except:
a. The musical ensemble or an orchestra accompanies ceremonial music of
the royal courts and temples.
b. It also part of the court dances and religious ceremonies.
c. Music is performed both indoors and outdoors that entertains the people.
d. It is performed in the streets begged for help to support the dying
traditional musical ensemble.

12. How is Javanese Gamelan similar to Balinese Gamelan?

a. It is used for court music.
b. Dominated by percussion instruments
c. The sound is very bright and brilliant.
d. The style of playing gives solemn character.

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 13. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about Pinpeat?
a. It is an orchestra that usually accompanies ceremonial music of the royal
courts and temples.
b. Its music is always part of their court dances, masked plays, shadow plays,
and religious ceremonies.
c. This group is similar to the Piphat ensembles of Thailand and usually
consist of xylophones.
d. This is a musical ensemble from the Malay Peninsula that consist of
xylophones.

14. Why is Vietnamese culture closer to Far East than to its Southeast Asian
neighbors?
a. Its early music theory was either based upon or adopted to the prevailing
Chinese theory.
b. Its cultural life reflects to the colonization by the British Empire
c. The longest land border is shared with China
d. The country possesses multi-cultures and traditions.

15. Why is Vietnamese music NHAC Vietnam refers to the ethnic music?
a. This music originated from the “Kinh” people of Vietnam.
b. This term is also used to address the music of any the numerous ethnic
minorities
c. This term refers to Montagnar, Degar, and Tay Cham minorities.
d. None of the above.

What’s In
Leron Leron Sinta
(Folk Song)
Leron Leron Sinta, buko ng Papaya
Dala dala'y buslo, sisidlan ng sinta
Pagdating sa dulo'y, nabali ang sanga
Kapos kapalaran, humanap ng iba.

Halika na Neneng, tayo'y manampalok

Dalhin mo ang buslo, sisidlan ng hinog
Pagdating sa dulo'y, uunda-undayog
Kumapit ka Neneng, baka ka mahulog.
Questions:
1. Can you recall the difference between Vocal Music and Instrumental
Music?
2. Are you familiar with this song?
3. From what country this song came from?
4. Who is the composer/writer of this song?
Let us sing this song together with accompaniment.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dw70TO2hoWc

1. What does the song try to convey?

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 What’s New
Activity 1
Are you ready to explore Southeast Asia? Listen carefully to the music that
your teacher played, identify if it is vocal or instrumental music, then draw a line to
connect the pictures on the name of the country it represents and share your insights
about the music that you hear and the picture that you see. Let’s begin!

Borobudur
Angkor Wat Schwedagon Pagoda
World’s largest Buddhist Temple
A Hindu Temple

“Sapa” Rice Paddies

Merlion

Petronas Twin Wat Pha That Wat Arun

Towers Luang

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 Southeast Vocal or Music
Asian Instrumental
Countries

Cambodia Instrumental https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-6WeGhtMgo

Vocal Music
Indonesia (Burung https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boUiiuFOCcA
Kakak Tua)

Laos Vocal Music https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PG7AoboPhHg

(Fon Phaphae)

Malaysia Vocal Music https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQnSM7_kssM

(Rasa Sayang)

Myanmar Instrumental https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjcbkaozxXs

Vocal Music
Singapore (Chan Mali https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgbGiZUikvk
Chan)

Thailand Instrumental https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iochOciICDo

Vietnam Instrumental https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BieMdOAZjsI

Activity 2
How are you coping with our lesson? I hope you are excited about the activities
that you are going to do in this module. Now, I want you to answer the questions
below. Please answer every question honestly.
1. Do you like to sing?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Which type of music would you prefer? ___________________________________
• Reggae
• Instrumental
• Pop

3. Do you play an instrument? If yes, give the name of the instrument.

_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

4. If you will be given a chance to visit one country of Southeast Asia, which
country you are going to choose? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5. Enumerate at least 3 titles of songs in any countries of Southeast Asia.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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What is it?

Guide Questions:
1. What are the vocal and instrumental music of Southeast
Asia?
• Cambodia
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
• Indonesia
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
• Laos
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
• Malaysia
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

• Myanmar

• Singapore

• Thailand
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

• Vietnam
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

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 Cambodia

Angkor Wat
A Hindu Temple

Image Source:
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/1ea3d1
37-8a1d-44dc-9707-6c0ee106da2b

Xylophones (idiophone) Gong circles (idiophone)

A double-headed drum
played with hands
(membranophone) Image source:

Finger cymbals (idiophone)

Two big drum similar
to Japanese
(membranophone)

https://www.slideshare.net/iamcarloluna/mapeh-8music-1st-quarter-music-of-cambodia

The Pinpeat is a Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that usually

accompanies ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples. Music is always part
of their court dances, masked plays, shadow plays, and religious ceremonies.
If you have internet connection, visit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIv7yqiyeeI to watch the video of Pinpeat.

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 Indonesia

Indonesia is an archipelago in
Southeast Asia comprising
approximately 17,500 islands. With
over 238 million people, Indonesia is
the world's fourth most populous
country and is the fourth biggest nation
of the world.
Through interaction with other
cultures such as Indian, Arabic,
Chinese and European, a wide range of
Borobudur
musical styles has been developed.
World’s largest Buddhist Temple
Image Source:
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/
7be7bebd-2247-40ba-a780-540d14ae9e9c

There are two basic kinds of Indonesian music scale:

• Slendro – five (5) equidistant tones in octave
• Peloq – heptatonic (7) tone scale with semi tone

Both vocal and instrumental music in Indonesia use slendro and peloq scales.
• Polyphonic stratification kind of melody is a result of hocket/Interlock.
• Interlocking is a common technique used in gong ensembles.

Irama – is an I ndonesian term for tempo

The Gamelan or Gamelan

orchestra is the most popular form
of music in Indonesia. There are
many types of Gamelan but the
famous Javanese and Balinese
Gamelan are the most famous.
It contains a variety of
instruments such as metallophones,
xylophones, kendang and gongs;
bamboo flutes, bowed and plucked
strings.
Gamelan Orchestra
Image Source:
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/
795f30c6-9429-400d-8fd3-83c96aba5ae5

Vocal music is used as ornamentation of the Gamelan.

1. Pesindhen is a female soloist singer who sings with a Gamelan
2. Gerong refers to the unison male chorus that sings with the gamelan

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 • Used for court music
• Percussion dominated
• Style of playing gives solemn
character

Javanese Gamelan
Image Source:
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/
8779f4b8-2706-447a-bb95-8a2cb4b9b1da
• Used for sacred music
• Consist of metallophone and
mostly gongs
• Sudden change of tempo and
dynamics are the basic
characteristic.
• Sounds are very bright and
brilliant
• Use of fast and rattling sounds
of cymbals makes distinctive
Balinese Gamelan characters
Image Source:
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/
4a1448c6-7c53-485b-ba19-1b4a4c5276d9

Remember:
Karawitan is the term for
every kind of gamelan music in
Java.
Gamelan orchestras - are
used to accompany dances, songs,
and Wayang Kulit
✓ are believed to possess
supernatural powers
✓ consider their instruments
sacred, therefore stepping
over the instrument is a sign
of disrespect
The musical instruments of Gamelan
✓ musicians bow before playing
the instruments to show
Image Source:
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/3920243425402 respect
87646/visual-
search/?cropSource=6&h=408&w=530&x=
If you have internet connection, visit the links below to watch the video of
16&y=13
Gamelan orchestra, Javanese Gamelan and Balinese Gamelan.
Gamelan orchestra https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VEfgt9XgMN8
Javanese Gamelan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2937xfI_kKI
Balinese Gamelan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HapBuj7YcmI

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 Myanmar

Myanmar was known as

Burma until 1989. When the
country’s name was officially changed
by the military government that took
over in 1988.
The music of Myanmar (or
Burma) has similarities with many
other musical traditions in the region,
including Chinese music and Thai
Schwedagon Pagoda music, probably because its longest
Image Source:
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/ land border is shared with China.
8874320b-ac17-4b6e-85a8-9b108fbafc7a

IMAGE SOURCE: https://www.slideshare.net/ianbernardino1/southeast-asian-music-grade-8-mapeh-first-quarter

The Hsaing Waing is Myanmar’s traditional folk music ensemble. It is made

up mainly of different gongs and drums as well as other instruments depending on
the nature of the performance.

2 Types of Myanmar’s Musical Instruments

Loud sounding performed in open-air Most of the Hsaing Waing
ensembles at ceremonies instruments belong to the loud
and festivals sounding category.

Soft sounding formal and classical accompanied by the saung gauk the
performances that are national instrument of (13-string
performed indoors angular harp with soft sound)
Myanmar, the pattala (Burmese
xylophone), or the piano and violin

Myanmar not only has musical ensembles but

also an extensive collection of classical songs
called the Mahagita.
These songs are divided into different types like
the oldest repertoires, royal court music, songs of
longing, horses’ dance songs, worship songs for
Burmese spirits, and songs of sorrow and music
adapted from Ayutthaya and the Mon people. The
saung gauk usually accompanies these songs.
Saung Gauk
Image Source: MUSIC 8
Learning Materials
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 Malaysia

Malaysia is a constitutional
monarchy in Southeast Asia. It is
divided into two regions:
1. West Malaysia – also
known as Peninsular Malaysia
2. East Malaysia consists of
thirteen states and three federal
territories.

Petronas Twins
Image Source:
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/
e2bf4001-4c34-4f9d-98b5-cf49e9c4a334
The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, which plays a large role in
developing their culture. The constitution declares Islam the state religion while
protecting freedom of religion.
Multi-racial groups that influenced Malaysia’s music genre:
1. Malay 4. Iban 7. Eurasians
2. Chinese 5. Dayak
3. Indian 6. Kadazandusun

Malaysian music is largely based around percussion instruments. It has

multicultural influence and is believed to have originated in the Kelantan-Pattani
region with a mixture of Indian, Chinese, Thai, and Indonesian influences.

2 Types of Malaysian Music

1. Classical and Folk emerged during the pre-colonial period and still exists
music in the form of vocal, dance, and theatrical music

2. Syncretic or developed during the post-Portuguese period (16th

Acculturated century). It contains elements from both local music
music and foreign elements of Arabian, Persian, Indian,
Chinese, and Western musical and theatrical sources.

Musical instruments of
Malaysia are greatly associated with
their culture and roots. Due to
colonization, the stages of
development of Malaysian
instruments are great. They share
some common features with Indian
musical instruments. After the
colonization of Malaysia by the
British, the musical development
was influenced by Western music.

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 Image Source: http://www.abeereducation.com/blog/2016/03/traditional-cultural-arts-and-music-in-
malaysia

Musical Ensembles and Types of performances in Malaysia

This is a gong-based musical ensemble

commonly used in funerals and weddings
1. Agung in East Malaysia.
and
Kulintang Image source:
Music 8 Learning Materials
Link for Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PXlsjkUeP3Q

This is a musical ensemble from the

Malay Peninsula that consists of
xylophones played swiftly and rhythmically
in traditional Malay functions.
2. Kertok
Image source:
Music 8 Learning Materials
Link for Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tl0EzgSxsqg

This is a type of musical form that is

important to Malaysia’s national culture. It
is performed by singing in groups and often
3. Dikir in a competitive manner usually with
Barat percussion instrumental accompaniment
or sometimes without instruments at all.

Image Source
Music 8 Learning Materials
Link for Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRhiUs9ihxE

This is a form of martial art that is

similar to t’ai chi. It originated in the Malay
Peninsula since the Christian Era and is a
4. Silat mixture of martial arts, dance, and music
Melayo usually accompanied by gongs, drums,
and Indian oboes.

Image Source:
Music 8 Learning Materials
Link for Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3U6EAG3zqA

If you have internet connection, visit the provided links to watch the video of
the different musical ensembles and types of performances of Malaysia.

16
 Thailand

Formerly known as Siam,

Thailand is known for being the sole
nation in Southeast Asia that has never
been ruled by a Western power.

History and geography indicate

that Thai music is a conglomeration of
Asian influences. Its musical principles
and elements are basically derived from
Chinese music, while its musical
Wat Arun instruments are inspired from the Indian
Image Source: - and Indonesian strings and gong-chimes.
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/
080a5513-ee02-4058-98a7-19b14838ac59

Music is theoretically based on the five-tone or seven-tone scale system. It

is not only confined to the royal courts but is also used extensively in dance, theatre,
and in ceremonies.
Thai folk music consists of simple songs with simple melodic lines. Its main
focus in singing is the articulation of the text rather than the style or technique of
execution.
Songs of Thailand have inherently poetic lyrics which allow a singer or
performer to easily define the melodic lines. It provides the singer the opportunity to
improvise song text to suit the given occasion.

Three Primary Instrumental Ensemble of Thailand

It is a mid-sized orchestra that is

performed in either outdoor style with hard
mallets or indoor style with padded mallets.
1. Piphat This ensemble has different types but the
highly ornate one is traditionally associated
with funerals and cremation ceremonies.
Image Source: Music 8 Learning Materials
Link for Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p2Z5HAYjCcs

This group is primarily used for indoor

performances and for the accompaniment of
2. Khrueang stickpuppet theater.
Sai Image Source: Music 8 Learning Materials
Link for Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uG84h4NXQpY

This ensemble is traditionally played by

women in the courts of Central Thailand and
Cambodia. However, regular-sized
3. Mahori instruments are used today. A vocalist
performing with the Mahori is usually
accompanied by the so sam sai.
Image Source: Music 8 Learning Materials
Link for Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SAiEqgKxwl8

17
 Laos

This country is an independent

state of Southeast Asia and officially
known as Lao People’s Democratic
Republic. It is formerly part of the
Indochinese Union, also known as
French Indochina.
The classical music and dance
of Laos is highly influenced by India,
Cambodia, and Thailand.
Wat Pha That Luang Themes are drawn from Hindu
Image Source: mythology, the Buddhist
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/
Jatakatales, and local legends.
e5125d5e-6f58-4715-add3-4dff41271b80

The royal entourage of Lao kings traditionally included musicians, and a

typical orchestra improvised song with sets of tuned gongs, xylophones, a bamboo
flute, and other wind instruments.

2 Categories of Lao Orchestra

1. Sep This is similar to the Piphat of Thailand with

Nyai instruments that are strictly percussive but
also integrates the use of an oboe.

Image Source:
https://www.last.fm/music/Sep+Nyai+Court+Orchestra

Link for Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GWx8wJPD42w

2. Sep This is also known as the Mahori of

Noi Thailand. However, it incorporates the use of
several Khene which is a large bamboo mouth
organ and is the most popular folk music
instrument of Laos.

Image Source:
http://www.dankazez.com/page/wrldpho.html
Link for Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGTchuSPHcI

Traditional music, called Mor lam,

is largely based around the khene.

Khene – a traditional Lao Instrument

Image Source: https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/6364ded4-c1c2-4724-85a5-67cafef96784
18
 Vietnam
Vietnam is officially known as the
Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
Vietnamese music (nhạc Việt Nam) refers
to the ethnic music that originated from the
"Kinh" people of Vietnam. This term is also
used to address the music of any of the
numerous ethnic minorities including the
Montagnard, Degar, Tay, Cham, and others.
Its music theory was either based upon or
adapted to the prevailing Chinese theory,
Rice Paddies “Sapa”
and the majority of instruments used in the
Image Source:
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/f65c
royal court were of Chinese origin.
63dc-4298-4ea5-b964-175096e2afee

Other influences can be seen with the ethnic minorities, such as the Chàm or
Montagnard peoples. This is possibly due to interaction with the other countries of
Southeast Asia. Vietnamese music shows signs of Indian influences, noticeable in
improvisation preludes of chamber music (known as rao in the South and dao in the
north) as well as usage of onomatopoeia in drum playing.

1. Imperial The most popular of this kind is the Nha nhac that was popularly
court performed during the Tran Dynasty to the Nguyen Dynasty. Other
music classical music falling into this category include the Dai Nhac (“great
music”) and the Tieu Nhac (“small music”) which was performed as
chamber music for the king.
Link for Video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CzLXFzSOyjA

2. Folk music This category is extremely diverse because it includes music performed
both indoors and outdoors. It may be performed in musical theaters,
streets, courtship rituals, and ceremonies for invoking spirits. Some
Vietnamese music only makes use of female singers and some have both
male and female singers.
Link for Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8V2vAZFAXhY

3. Religious This is music performed in religious rituals or at funerals.

and Link for Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cxgAL3WA1bg
Ceremonial
music

Traditional Musical Instruments of

Vietnam

Image Source: https://alexasschoolproject.weebly.com/the-

instruments-vietnam-use.html

19
 Singapore
The Republic of Singapore is an
independent republic in Southeast Asia,
comprised of one main island and about
50 small adjacent islands off the southern
tip of the Malay Peninsula. About three-
fourths of the people of Singapore, known
as Singaporeans, are Chinese, but there
are significant Malay and Indian
minorities.
Singapore’s cultural life reflects its
Merlion colonization by the British Empire and its
Image Source: diverse population. Being the melting pot
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/e8dda8fa- of different cultures in Asia, folk music of
d92e-4b73-9c47-c63ea1c14423
this country reflects the culture and
traditions of specific groups.

What’s More

Activity 1

Direction: Describe the Southeast Asian music by supplying the table.

Country Name of Vocal Music Instrumental
Musical Music
Ensemble

1. Cambodia

2. Indonesia

3. Laos

4. Malaysia

5. Myanmar

6. Singapore

7. Thailand

8. Vietnam

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 What I have Learned

1. The music of Southeast Asia has unique musical style and it plays an
important role in the lives of the Southeast Asian people because it is greatly
associated with their culture and roots.
2. Pinpeat is a Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that usually
accompanies ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples. It consists
of five (5) musical instruments such as samphor, oneat, chhing, skorthom
ang kongvong.
3. Gamelan or Gamelan orchestra is the most popular form of music in
Indonesia. It contains a variety of instruments such as metallophones,
xylophones, kendang and gongs; bamboo flutes, bowed and plucked
strings.
4. Javanese Gamelan and Balinese Gamelan are the most famous types of
Gamelan.
5. Vocal music is used as ornamentation of the Gamelan. It is as important as
gamelan.
6. Pesindhen is a female soloist singer who sings with a Gamelan.
7. Gerong refers to the unison male chorus that sings with the Gamelan.
8. Hsaing Waing is Myanmar’s traditional folk music ensemble. It is made up
mainly of different gongs and drums such as hne, chauk lon pat, maung
hsaing, pat waing and kyi waing.
9. Classical Folk Music and Syncretic (or Acculturated music) are the two
categories of Malaysian Music.
10. Agung and Kulintang is a gong-based musical ensemble commonly used
in funerals and weddings in East Malaysia. It is similar to the kulintang of
the Philippines, Brunei and Indonesia.
11. Kertok is a musical ensemble from the Malay Peninsula that consists of
xylophones played swiftly and rhythmically in traditional Malay functions.
12. Dikir Barat is a type of musical form that is important to Malaysia’s
national culture. It is performed by singing in groups and often in a
competitive manner usually with percussion instrumental accompaniment
or sometimes without instruments at all.
13. Silat Melayu is a form of martial art that is similar to t’ai chi. Dance and
music usually accompanied by gongs, drums and Indian oboes.
14. Thailand has 3 primary instrumental ensembles that are similar to the
other ensembles in Southeast Asia, they are Piphat, Khureang Sai, and
Mahori.
15. Lao orchestra are divided into two categories: Sep Nyai and Sep Noi.
16. Sep Nyai is similar to the Piphat of Thailand with instruments that are
strictly percussive but also integrates the use of an oboe.
17. Sep Noi is also known as the Mahori of Thailand however it incorporates
the use of several Khene which is a large bamboo mouth organ and is the
most popular folk music instrument of Laos.
18. Nha nhac is the most popular imperial court music of Vietnam during
the Tran Dynasty to the Nguyen Dynasty.

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 What I can Do
Directions: Compare and contrast the Indonesian Gamelan, the
Javanese and the Balinese Gamelan.

Indonesian Gamelan Similarities Differences

1. Javanese Gamelan

2. Balinese Gamelan

Assessment

Test I. Identification
Directions: Identify the following music if it is vocal music or
instrumental music. Draw a STAR if it is a vocal music and draw a HEART
if the music is instrumental. Write the answer on your paper.
_____________1. Burung Kakatua
_____________2. Chan Mali Chan

_____________3. Saung Gauk

_____________4. Rasa Sayang

_____________5. Sep Noi

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 Test II. Identification
Directions: Read the sentence carefully and choose the best answer in
the box. Write the answer on your paper.

*Hsaing Waing *Pinpeat *Gamelan

*Mahori *Piphat

_____________6. A mid-sized orchestra that is performed in either outdoor style with

hand mallets or indoor style with padded mallets.
_____________7. It is Myanmar’s traditional folk music ensemble made up mainly of
different gongs and drums.

_____________8. This ensemble is traditionally played by women in the courts of

Central Thailand and Cambodia.

_____________9. A Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that usually

accompanies ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples.

_____________10. The most popular form of music in Indonesia. It contains a variety

of instruments such as metallophones, xylophones, kendang and
gongs, bamboo flutes, bowed and plucked strings.

Test III. Multiple Choice

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Choose the letter of your correct
answer.

11. A mid-sized orchestra that is performed in either outdoor style with hand
mallets or indoor style with padded mallets.
a. Gamelan
b. Hsaing Waing
c. Pinpeat
d. Piphat

12. It is Myanmar’s traditional folk music ensemble made up mainly of

different gongs and drums.
a. Saung Gauk
b. Mahori
c. Hsaing Waing
d. Pinpeat

23
13. This ensemble is traditionally played by women in the courts of Central
Thailand and Cambodia.
a. Mahori
b. Hsaing Waing
c. Khrueang Sai
d. Saung Gauk
14 A Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that usually accompanies
ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples.
a. Piphat
b. Pinpeat
c. Gamelan
d. khrueang Sai
15. The most popular form of music in Indonesia. It contains a variety of
instruments such as metallophones, xylophones, kendang and gongs,
bamboo flutes, bowed and plucked strings.
a. Gamelan
b. Mahori
c. Piphat
d. Kulintang

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 Answer Key

Pretest- 15 points Post Assessment

Test I Test Test III.

1. D II.
2. D 1. 1. Piphat 1. D
3. C 2.Hsaing 2. C
4. D 2. Wing 3. A
5. D 3.Mahori 4. A
6. C 3. 4.Pinpeat 5. A
7. A 5. Gamelan
8. C 4.
9. D
10. C 5.
11. D
12. B
13. D
14. A
15. C

Learning Resources

A. References:

Teacher’s Guide: Music and Arts 8 pp. 13-26

Learning Materials: Music and Arts 8 pp. 13-26

B. Other Learning Resources

Websites

• Map of Southeast Asia -

https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/07e4c557-45f7-4714-92f1-
d68b4ebb43aa
• Angkor Wat –
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/1ea3d137-8a1d-44dc-9707-
6c0ee106da2b
• Merlion - https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/e8dda8fa-d92e-4b73-
9c47-c63ea1c14423
• Schwedagon Pagoda -
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/8874320b-ac17-4b6e-85a8-
9b108fbafc7a
• Borobudur - https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/7be7bebd-2247-
40ba-a780-540d14ae9e9c
• Petronas Twin Tower -
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/e2bf4001-4c34-4f9d-98b5-
cf49e9c4a334
• Rice Padddies “Sapa”-
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/f65c63dc-4298-4ea5-b964-
175096e2afee

25
 • Wat Arun - https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/080a5513-ee02-
4058-98a7-19b14838ac59
• Wat Pha That Luang -
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/e5125d5e-6f58-4715-add3-
4dff41271b80

• Gamelan Orchestra - https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/795f30c6-

9429-400d-8fd3-83c96aba5ae5
• Javanese Gamelan - https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/8779f4b8-
2706-447a-bb95-8a2cb4b9b1da
• Balinese Gamelan - https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/4a1448c6-
7c53-485b-ba19-1b4a4c5276d9
• Instruments of Gamelan -
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/392024342540287646/visual-
search/?cropSource=6&h=408&w=530&x=16&y=13
• Traditional Malay Instruments -
http://www.abeereducation.com/blog/2016/03/traditional-cultural-arts-and-
music-in-malaysia
• Khene - https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/6364ded4-c1c2-4724-
85a5-67cafef96784
• Music of Cambodia – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-6WeGhtMgo
• Music of Laos - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PG7AoboPhHg
• Music of Indonesia - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boUiiuFOCcA
• Music of Malaysia – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQnSM7_kssM
• Music of Myanmar - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjcbkaozxXs
• Music of Singapore – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgbGiZUikvk
• Music of Thailand – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iochOciICDo
• Music of Vietnam - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BieMdOAZjsI

DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN with the
primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal. Contents of this
module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This
is a supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region XII in all public
schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR development was observed in the
production of this module. This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback,
comments, and recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN
Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)
Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: [email protected]

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