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Mean and Variance of Discrete Random Variable Grade 11

The mean of a discrete random variable is the average of its probability mass function values, calculated using the formula μ=Σxp(x). Variance measures how far values are from the mean, and is calculated by subtracting the mean from each value x, squaring the results, multiplying by the probabilities p(x), and summing. Standard deviation is the square root of the variance. Three examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the mean, variance, and standard deviation of discrete random variables.

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Mary Grace Manzano Adeva
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69 views19 pages

Mean and Variance of Discrete Random Variable Grade 11

The mean of a discrete random variable is the average of its probability mass function values, calculated using the formula μ=Σxp(x). Variance measures how far values are from the mean, and is calculated by subtracting the mean from each value x, squaring the results, multiplying by the probabilities p(x), and summing. Standard deviation is the square root of the variance. Three examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the mean, variance, and standard deviation of discrete random variables.

Uploaded by

Mary Grace Manzano Adeva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mean and Variance

of Discrete Random
Variable
Mean of a Discrete Random
Variable
The Mean µ of a discrete random variable is
the central value or average of its
corresponding probability mass function. It is
also called as the Expected Value.
 It is computed using the formula: µ= σ𝑋𝑃(𝑥)
Where x is the outcome and p(x) is the
probability of the outcome.
Example:
1. Determine the mean or Expected
Value of random variable below.
X 0 1 2 3 4
P(x) 1/5 1/5 1/5 1/5 1/5

Therefore, mean is 2 for


above random variable.
Example:
2. Find the mean of the random variable Y
representing the number of red color
chocolates per 160-gram pack of colored
chocolate packages that has the following
probability distribution.
Y 4 5 6 7
P(y) 0.10 0.37 0.33 0.20
Example:
3. The probabilities that a customer
will buy 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 items in a
grocery store are 310, 110, 110, 210,
and 310, respectively. What is the
average number of items that a
customer will buy?.
STEPS IN FINDING THE MEAN
Step 1: Construct the probability distribution for
the random variable X representing the
number of items that the customer will buy.
Step 2: Multiply the value of the random
variable X by the corresponding probability.
Step 3: Add the results obtained in Step 2.
Results obtained is the mean of the probability
distribution.
Variance and
Standard Deviation
of the Discrete
Random Variable
Variance and Standard
Deviation of a Random Variable
Example:
1. The number of cars sold per day at a local car
dealership, along with its corresponding
probabilities, is shown in the succeeding table.
Compute the variance and the standard deviation
of the probability distribution by following the given
steps. Write your answer in your answer sheets.
Number of Cars Sold X Probability P(x)
0 10%
1 20%
2 30%
3 20%
4 20%
STEPS IN FINDING THE VARIANCE AND
STANDARD DEVIATION
1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
2. Subtract the mean from each value of the
random variable X.
3. Square the result obtained in Step 2.
4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.
Results obtained is the value of the variance of
probability distribution.
To Solve for Standard Deviation:
Get the square root of the variance σ2 = Σ(𝑥− μ)2p(x)
= 1.56
σ = √1.56
= 1.25
So, the variance of the number of cars sold per day is
1.56 and the standard deviation is 1.25.
Example:
2. When three coins are tossed once, the probability
distribution for the random variable X representing
the number of heads that occur is given below.
Compute the variance and standard deviation of
the probability distribution.

Number of Heads X Probability P(x)


0 1/8
1 3/8
2 3/8
3 1/8

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