ourse summary sheet

► Governing equations for incompressible fluid with constant viscosity in vector form:-
→ →
► Continuity equation: V  0
► Navier- stokes equations:
→
V → → → → → →
  
 V   V   p    2V  F
b
 t 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
► Governing equations for incompressible fluid with constant viscosity in Cartesian
coordinates ( x , y , z ):-
u v w
  0
► Continuity equation: x y z
► Navier- stokes equations:
 u u u u p   2u 2
 u
2
 u 
 u v w      2 
2

2
  Fbx
 t x y z  x  x y z 
 v v v v  p  v  v  2v  2 2

 u v w       Fby

t x y z y  x 2  y 2`  z 2
   
w w w w p  2w  2w  2 w
 u v w      Fbz
t x y z z x2 y 2 z 2
   
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
►Governing equations for incompressible fluid with constant viscosity and no body
forces (Fb=0) in Cylindrical coordinates ( r, Ө, z ) :-

► Continuity equation:

rr  
     r z   0
r  z

► Navier- stokes equations:

 v 2
r v r v  v r
 v r
  2 v r 1  v r 1  2 v r  2 v r v r 2  v  
v
  vr  vz    2  
2 2
 2  2  2  
r r  r  r 

t z r  r  r r   z r r


 v  v  v  v  v  v r v    2 v 1  v 2 2
1  v  v 2 v r v 
 
 v r  v z      
2

2
  
2 2 2 2
 t  r r    z r  r  
  r
r  r r  z r   r 

 v v z v  v z v    2 v z 1  v z 1 2vz 2v z
  z v r  v z z      2  
  t  r r    z   z  r
2 r r r  2
 z 2

 → → → → → →
► For irrotational flow:   V  0 then V  V   12  2 V

► For incompressible and irrotational flow  2  0

► For incompressible, irrotational and 2-D flow (only)  2   0

Table of elementary flows

Type   W
1) Uniform flow
V x cos  V y sin V  y cos  V  xsin V zei
V  & 
2) Source(+Q)
Q
[Q 2 ]ln r [Q 2 ] ln z
2

3) Anticlockwise
Vortex flow [ 2 ] [ 2 ]ln r  i
ln z
 2

4) Doublet (+K)
cos sin K
[K ] - [K ] [ ]/ z
2 r 2 r 2

The Cartesian velocity components can be written as:-

   
u & v or u & v
x y y x
The Cylindrical velocity components can be written as:-
 1  1  
v r & v  or v r & v 
r r  r  r

► Non Lifting flow past circular cylinder of radius "a":

Uniform flow "V∞" with zero angle of attack & doublet of strength " K=2V∞a2".
The velocity components are:-
 
cos (1  a r 2 ) sin 1  a
2 2
v r V & v  V 2 
 
 r 

► Lifting flow past circular cylinder of radius "a":

Uniform flow "V∞" with angle of attack "α" & doublet of strength" K=2V∞a2" making
angle "α" with the x-axis & clockwise vortex of strength "".
The velocity components are:-
a 2
 a2  
vr  V  (1 2 ) cos(   ) & v   V [sin(   )  1    ]
r  
 r 2  2 V  r