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Math Assignment Unit - 5

The document discusses exponential, logarithmic, and power functions. It defines each type of function, describes their growth patterns, special points like intercepts or asymptotes, and provides examples. Exponential functions grow rapidly, logarithmic functions grow slowly, and power functions can have various patterns depending on the exponent. Understanding how each type of function behaves geometrically helps distinguish between them.

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mdmokhlesh1993
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10 views

Math Assignment Unit - 5

The document discusses exponential, logarithmic, and power functions. It defines each type of function, describes their growth patterns, special points like intercepts or asymptotes, and provides examples. Exponential functions grow rapidly, logarithmic functions grow slowly, and power functions can have various patterns depending on the exponent. Understanding how each type of function behaves geometrically helps distinguish between them.

Uploaded by

mdmokhlesh1993
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Task 1: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

(i) Exponential functions are mathematical functions of the form f(x) = a . b^x, where a and b
are constants, and b is the base of the exponential function. Logarithmic functions are the
inverse of exponential functions. They are represented as f(x) = logb(x), where b is the base
of the logarithm. The key factors in exponential functions are the base b and the initial value
or constant a while in logarithmic functions, the base b and the argument x are the essential
components. Exponential functions have a domain of all real numbers and a range of
(0, +, infty). Logarithmic functions have a domain of (0, +infty) and a range of all real
numbers.

(ii)Difference between Exponential, Logarithmic, and Power Functions:

Exponential, logarithmic, and power functions are fundamental types of mathematical functions, each
with distinct characteristics:

1. Exponential Function:

Definition: Exponential functions are characterized by a variable raised to a constant exponent. They
grow (or decay) at an increasing (or decreasing) rate.

Example: f(x) = 2^x

Growth Pattern: Exponential functions typically exhibit rapid growth or decay, depending on the base.
As the input variable x increases, the function value grows (or decays) rapidly.

Special Points: Exponential functions have no asymptotes or intercepts. They have a zero at x = - infty
for decay functions, and no zeros for growth functions.

Graph:
2. Logarithmic Function:

Definition: Logarithmic functions are the inverse of exponential functions. They grow very slowly
compared to exponential functions.

Example: f(x) = log(x)

Growth Pattern: Logarithmic functions grow slowly and approach a horizontal asymptote as x
approaches infinity. They increase at a decreasing rate.

Special Points: Logarithmic functions have a vertical asymptote at x = 0. They have an intercept at (1, 0)

3. Power Function:

Definition: Power functions are characterized by a constant raised to a variable exponent.

Example: f(x) = x^2

Growth Pattern: Power functions exhibit various growth patterns depending on the exponent. For even
exponents, the function opens upwards, resembling a "U" shape. For odd exponents, the function may
have one side increasing and the other side decreasing.

Special Points: Power functions pass through the origin (0,0) and may have other intercepts depending
on the specific function. If the exponent is even, there is a minimum at the origin.

Graph:
Exponential functions grow (or decay) rapidly, logarithmic functions grow slowly, and power functions
exhibit various growth patterns depending on the exponent. Understanding the differences in growth
patterns, asymptotes, intercepts, and zeros helps in distinguishing between these types of functions.

(iii) A function exhibits exponential growth if its rate of increase is proportional to its current value. In
other words, as the input increases, the output increases at an increasing rate.

(iv) Exponential functions grow faster compared to logarithmic functions. This is because in exponential
functions, the variable is in the exponent, leading to rapid growth or decay, whereas in logarithmic
functions, the variable is the argument of the logarithm, resulting in slower growth or decay.

(v) Observations:

Exponential function: Rapid growth pattern, no special points.

Logarithmic function: Slow growth pattern, vertical asymptote at x = 0

Power function: Parabolic growth pattern, intercepts at (0, 0) and (1, 1), no asymptotes.

Task 2: Logarithmic Properties


Task 3: Cancer Cell Growth

(i)

| Year | Cancer Cells |

|------|--------------|

| 2018 | 232.26 |

| 2019 | 236.91 |

| 2020 | 241.62 |

| 2021 | 246.40 |

| 2022 | 251.24 |
| 2023 | 256.15 |

(ii) The mathematical function representing this growth pattern is an exponential function:

f(x) = 232.26 * (1 + 0.02)^x

Where:

f(x) represents the number of cancer cells in year x

x is the number of years since 2018,

0.02 is the growth rate (2% increase annually),

232.26 is the initial number of cancer cells in 2018.

(iii) Projecting the level of cancer cells in 10 years:

f(10) = 232.26 times (1 + 0.02)^{10}

(iv) Graph:

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