Activity 1 - Methods of Research
Activity 1 - Methods of Research
Activity 1 - Methods of Research
Research is essential for meaningful progress. Without research, development efforts would be futile.
According to Mercado,1994, The development process involves planning, implementation, monitoring and
evaluation. In each stage of development, research plays an important role. Research is needed in needed
describing and analyzing existing social or economic problems or conditions.
For example: In our society, research is very imperative when it comes to planning and analyzing data to find
an answer to a question or solution to a problem. By doing research, we were able to collect appropriate data
to the determine the appropriate solution in every project that is needed for development.
2. How can research be used in improving the quality of life of the people.
Through research, new knowledge or technology is discovered. New knowledge can result in development or
improvement of new skills, behavior, or practices. Those improvements mentioned can lead to better
conditions and better quality of life. In addition, new technologies or tools discovered will not only few but a
lot of people to have a better and easier life.
For example, the development of our teaching-learning process, strategies and pedagogies. By the use of
technology, it makes our teaching-learning process possible even in times of pandemic. Technology, of course
it is also a product of research because if there is no research there is no development. In the future, research
will make the development continuing and improving. By such, the quality of life of the people will continue
improving.
3. How would you differentiate the general types of research from each other?
Research can broadly be categorized into three general types based on their objectives, methods, and
outcomes. According to Fraenkel and Wallen, 1996, research can be classified into three general categories:
descriptive research, correlation or association research and experimental or invention research.
The descriptive type study finds answer to the questions who, what, when, where and how. This research
describes a situation or a given state of affairs in terms of specified aspects or factors.
Explanatory or correlation research study goes beyond description of the problem or situation. This type of
study answers the question why and how.
Invention or Experimental Research evaluates the effect or outcome of a particular intervention or treatment.
It studies the cause-and-effect relationships between certain factors on a certain phenomenon under
controlled condition.
4. What are the different steps in the research process?
The research process typically consists of several steps that are followed to conduct a systematic investigation
and gather information to answer a research question or achieve research objectives. Regardless of type or
method, all research studies are conducted using more or less same process. These generally include problem
identification, formulation of hypotheses, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, drawing of
generalization/conclusions and reporting of results.
These steps provide a general framework for the research process, but it's important to note that research can
be complex and may involve additional steps or variations depending on the specific research field, research
design, and objectives.
C. Exercises
Listed below are research questions. What type of research can best answer each?
1. What do students think are the least popular courses in the high school curriculum and why?
*Explanatory or Correlation Research- because this type of research answers the questions why and
how.
3. What are the problems that the elderly confined in a nursing home experience and how do they cope
with their problems?
*Descriptive Research - this type of research describes a situation or a given state of affairs in terms of
specified aspects or factors.
4. Can gender sensitivity training improve men's views about the family and their behavior at home in
relation to their spouses and children?
*Applied Research- since its aims to see an immediate solution to a problem.
6. Does exposure to commercial advertisement contribute to the buying patterns of college students?
*Descriptive Research- this type of research describes a situation or a given state of affairs in terms of
specified aspects or factors.