1234567898

4.1

a) iii
b) iii
c) v
d) v

4.2

a) 5

b) 10
10
c) Y (s) =
s (10 s + 1)
From the Final Value Theorem, y(t) = 10 when t→∞

d) y(t) = 10(1−e−t/10) , then y(10) = 6.32 = 63.2% of the final value.

5 (1 − e − s )
e) Y (s) =
(10s + 1) s
From the Final Value Theorem, y(t) = 0 when t→∞

5
f) Y (s) = 1
(10 s + 1)
From the Final Value Theorem, y(t)= 0 when t→∞

5 6
g) Y (s) = then
(10 s + 1) ( s + 9)
2

y(t) = 0.33e-0.1t − 0.33cos(3t) + 0.011sin(3t)

The sinusoidal input produces a sinusoidal output and y(t) does not have a
limit when t→∞.

Solution Manual for Process Dynamics and Control, 2nd edition,

4-1
 By using Simulink-MATLAB, above solutions can be verified:

10 0.5

9 0.45

8 0.4

7 0.35

6 0.3

0.25

y(t)
5
y(t)

4 0.2

3 0.15

2 0.1

1 0.05

0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

time time

Fig S4.2a. Output for part c) and d) Fig S4.2b. Output for part e)

0.7

5
0.6
4.5
0.5
4
0.4
3.5

0.3
3

0.2

y(t)
2.5
y(t)

0.1
2

0
1.5

-0.1
1

0.5 -0.2

0 -0.3
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

time time

Fig S4.2c. Output for part f) Fig S4.2d. Output for part g)

4.3

a) The dynamic model of the system is given by

dV 1
= ( wi − w) (2-45)
dt ρ
dT wi Q
= (Ti − T ) + (2-46)
dt Vρ VρC

Let the right-hand side of Eq. 2-46 be f(wi,V,T),

⎛ ∂f ⎞ ∂f ⎞ ⎛ ∂f ⎞ ′
⎟⎟ wi′ + ⎛⎜
dT
= f (wi ,V , T ) = ⎜⎜ ⎟ V′+⎜ ⎟ T (1)
dt ⎝ ∂wi ⎠s ⎝ ∂V ⎠ s ⎝ ∂T ⎠ s

4-2