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AIS 2, Introduction To System Development Process PDF

The document discusses the five phases of the system development life cycle: system planning, system analysis, system design, system implementation, and system support and security. It then provides more details about each phase, describing key activities and objectives.

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Azrul Afiq
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22 views

AIS 2, Introduction To System Development Process PDF

The document discusses the five phases of the system development life cycle: system planning, system analysis, system design, system implementation, and system support and security. It then provides more details about each phase, describing key activities and objectives.

Uploaded by

Azrul Afiq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AIS II

INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
System Development Life Cycle Phases

System Planning

System Support
System Analysis
and Security

System
System Design
Implementation
System Planning
• Systems planning is the first of five
phases in the systems development life
cycle.
• We will find out how the system project
started
• How to evaluate a project proposal to
determine the success
System Analysis
• Must determine the requirements before
starting the design process that is:
– requirements modeling
– data and process modeling
– object modeling techniques
• We also will consider various development
strategies for the new system, and plan for
the transition to systems design tasks
System Design
• system design is a physical design that
will meet the specifications described in
the system requirements document
which includes:
– user interface design
– data design
– system architecture
System Implementation
• System implementation is implement
that design.
• The first task is a development
application, which requires system
analysts and programmers to work
together to build the program
System Support and Security
• You will now support and maintain the
system, handle security issues, protect
the integrity of the system and its data.
• The deliverable for this phase is an
operational system that is properly
maintained, supported, and secured
hardware software data

processes people

Information system strategy


1. Hardware

• Consists of everything in the physical layer of the


information system.
• Hardware purchasers today face a wide array of technology
choices and decisions
• Moore’s Law - Intel
2. Software

• Software refers to the programs that control the


hardware and produce the desired information or
results.
• Application software consists of programs that
support day-to-day business functions and provide
users with the information they require.
• includes horizontal and vertical systems
3. Data

• Data is the raw


material that an
information
system transforms
into useful
information.
4. Processes

• Processes describe the tasks and business functions


that users, managers, and IT staff members perform
to achieve specific results
5. People

• Called as Stakeholder
• Each stakeholder group has a vital interest in the
information system,
Business Profile :

 An overview of the company.


 Could be a catalyst to design a modelling process.
 Importance:
I. For marketing purpose
II. For recruitment
Business Process:

 Specific set of transactions, events, and results that can


be described and documented.
 To achieve a better outcome from every process made.
 How to improve:
I. People - Rotation of workers
II. Technology - Suitable tools or equipments
III.Process - Correct sequences
New Kinds of Companies

 Multi-oriented system are better than single-


oriented.
 Internet-dependent and Web-based business
operations has proven that it has been one of the
most popular medium for customers.
Impact of the e-Commerce:

Business to Consumer (B2C)


 Increasing the percentage of customers

Business to Business (B2B)


 Reducing some costs
 Gain some revenue
BUSINESS INFORMATION SYSTEM
• in the past,managers divided system into categories based on the user
group the system served.
• categories and users included office systems (administrative staff),
operational systems (operational personnel), decision support systems
(middle-managers and knowledge workers), and executive information
systems (top managers)
• today, traditional labels no longer apply.
• for example, all employees, including top managers, user office
productivity systems.
• today, it makes more sence to identify a system by its function and
features, rather than by its users
Enterprise Computing System
• refers to information system that supports company-wide operations and data
management requirements.
- example : Wal-Mart's inventory control system, Boeing's production control
systems,
Hilton Hotel's reservatioon system.
- main objective : * integrate a company's priory functions (such as production, sales,
services, inventory control, and accounting)
* reduce cost
* help managers make key decisions.
- also improves data security and reliability by imposing a company wide framework
Transaction Processing
• process data (TP) systems process data generated by day-to-day business
operations.
• example : customer order processing, account receivable, and warranty
claim processing
• TP system perform various tasks whenever a specific transaction occurs
* verifies customer data * check in stock status
* checks the customers credit status * adjust inventory data
* posts the invoice to account receivable * update sales activity files
• TP systems are efficient because they processed transaction by group not
individual
Business Support
• provide job-related information support to users at all levels of a company
* can analyze transactional data
* generate information needed to manage and control business processes
* provide information that leads to better decision-making
• business support system can work hand in hand with a TP system
* when a company sells merchandise to a customer, a TP system records the
sale,updates the customer's balance, and make a deduction from inverntory.
• important feature of business support system is decision support capability.
• it helps users make a decision by creating a computer model an applying a set of
variables.
Knowledge Management
• Are called expert system because they simulate human
reasoning by combining knowledge base and interference
rules that determine how the knowledge is applied.
• Knowledge base consists of a large database that allows users
to find information by entering keywords or question in
normal English phrases.
• Knowledge management systems do not use strict logical
rules but instead many use a technique called fuzzy logics that
allows interference to be drawn from emprecise relationships.
• User Productivity
- companies provide employees at all levels with technology that improves productivity
- example : *email *voice mail *fax *video *Web conferencing *word processing *automated
calendar *database management
- the users also use Groupware, a program which run on a company intranet and enable users
to share data, collaborate on projects, and work in teams.
- example : GroupWise.
- computer-based office work expanded rapidly as companies assigned more responsibility to employees
at lower organizational levels.

• Information Systems Integration


- most large companies require systems that combine transaction proccessing, business support,
knowledge management, and user productivity features

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