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Exercises 1

This document contains the work of a student named Erth Angel H. Maglantay for a math exam involving relations and equivalence relations. It includes examples of relations between different sets, properties of relations like being reflexive or transitive, and determining whether given relations are equivalence relations by checking if they satisfy the properties of an equivalence relation.

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34 views4 pages

Exercises 1

This document contains the work of a student named Erth Angel H. Maglantay for a math exam involving relations and equivalence relations. It includes examples of relations between different sets, properties of relations like being reflexive or transitive, and determining whether given relations are equivalence relations by checking if they satisfy the properties of an equivalence relation.

Uploaded by

bitiwanjonelb
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© © All Rights Reserved
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NAME: MAGLANTAY, ERTH ANGEL H.

SCORE

YEAR/SECTION: BSMATH – 1A DATE: 01/08/2024

Exercises 1

I. Let A = {r, e d}, B = {2, 4}, C = {1, 3, 5}

1. List the elements of A x B, B x A, A x C.

A x B = {r, 2}, {r, 4}, {e, 2}, {e, 4}, {d, 2}, {d, 4}

B x A = {2, r}, {2, e}, {2, d}, {4, r}, {4, e}, {4, d}

A x C = {r, 1}, {r, 3}, {r, 5}, {e, 1}, {e, 3}, {e, 5}, {d, 1}, {d, 3}, {d, 5}

2. Give examples of relation from A to B and B to A, each of which has four elements.

Reflexive

A x B = {r, 2}, {r, 4}, {e, 2}, {e, 4}, {d, 2}, {d, 4}, {r, r}, {e, e}, {d, d}

B x A = {2, r}, {4, e}, {2, d}, {4, r}, {2, e}, {4, d}, {2, 2}, {4, 4}

Symmetric

A x B = {r, 2}, {r, 4}, {e, 2}, {e, 4}, {d, 2}, {d, 4}, {2, r}, {2, e}, {2, d}, {4, r}, {4, e}, {4, d}

B x A = {2, r}, {2, e}, {2, d}, {4, r}, {4, e}, {4, d}, {r, 2}, {r, 4}, {e, 2}, {e, 4}, {d, 2}, {d, 4}

Transitive

A x B = {r, 2}, {r, 4}, {e, 2}, {e, 4}, {d, 2}, {d, 4}

B x A = {2, r}, {2, e}, {2, d}, {4, r}, {4, e}, {4, d}

Equivalence

A x B = {r, 2}, {r, 4}, {e, 2}, {e, 4}, {d, 2}, {d, 4} It is an equivalence relation. It is reflexive,
symmetric, and transitive, and it satisfies the definition.
B x A = {2, r}, {2, e}, {2, d}, {4, r}, {4, e}, {4, d} It is an equivalence relation. It is reflexive,
symmetric, and transitive, and it satisfies the definition.

II. Let R be a relation on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} defined by

1. R = {(a, b) A x A | a b}

List of elements of R:

R = {(1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5), (1,6), (1,7), (2,3), (2,4), (2,5), (2,6), (2,7), (3,4), (3,5), (3,6),
(3,7), (4,5), (4,6), (4,7), (5,6), (5,7), (6,7)}

Domain of R:

R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

Range of R:

R = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}

2. R = {(a, b) A x A | 3 divides a – b}.

List of elements of R:

R = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (4, 7)}

Domain of R:

R = {1, 2, 4}

Range of R:

R = {4, 5, 7}

3. R = {(a, b) A x A | a + b 7}

List the elements of R.

R = {(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (3,1), (3,2), (4,1), (5,1)}
Domain of R:

R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Range of R:

R = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

III. Which of the following relations on {0, 1, 2, 3} is equivalence relation? If not,

give the property/ies that is/are not satisfied.

1. {(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 0), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3, 3)} is an equivalence relation

2. {(0, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 2), (3, 3), (2, 1)} is an equivalence relation

3. {(0, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (3, 1)} is not an equivalence relation (lack of transitive)

4. {(0, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 3)} is an equivalence relation

5. {(0, 0), (0, 1), (O, 2), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 0), (2, 2), (3, 3)} is not an equivalence relation
(lack of symmetric)

IV. Show which of the following binary relations is an equivalence relation.

1. The binary relation R defined by xRy iff x² = y² It is an equivalence relation. It is reflexive,


symmetric, and transitive, and it satisfies the definition.
2. The binary relation R on L, the set of all straight lines in the Euclidean

plane defined by for all l 1, l 2 L, (l 1, l 2) R iff l 1 l 2 .

It is an equivalence relation. It is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive, and it satisfies the


definition.

3. The binary relation R on defined by xRy iff x – y is even.

It is an equivalence relation. It is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive, and it satisfies the


definition.

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