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/ 114
Problem 2.1
uy
For che velncxy Hels given below determine
whether the ow Held fs one-, two. or thkee-
Luneasional. and why.
1 schether the tow is steady of unsteady, and why.
"The gpantities rand b are constants.
42) Vand nafs ck
1h Ym aye id
1) Veayinbvj ty TP Sani tyj tek
WV ae Foe] ay Vaart tei
Veta tia me] ate Veal ict ovk
Given: Velosiy fields
Find: Whether tows are 1,2 or 3D, steady or unsteady
Solution:
w vu iD
¥=V00 1D
ers »
meV eu »
o Vad 1D
VV 3D
” Ve View 2»
8) Vevey 3D
ug t=) Mit) = voisin(wor}-(1—7) These terms give the path ofa partite (x(0,y(0) that started at ¢~. — Streamline t= 0s
Streamline t= 0.058
Streamline t= 0.15
reamline t = 0.158
Pathline starting t= Os
Pathline starting t = 0.05s
= Pathline starting t= 0.18
Pathline starting t = 0.155
hye strcumlines are sinusoids; the pathlines are straight (once a wate partiele is fired it travels in a straight line).
ses curves can be potted in Excel Problem 2.23 ol
Using the dats of Problem 2.22, tind and po dhe streakline
flow
Hy peuced after the fist sec
Given: —Vetociy etd
Find: Plot seaklin for first second of low
Solution:
| ollow ing the discussion leading upto, 2.10, we first find equations forthe pathlines in form,
sp(00 = a(6.x9,¥o0t0) and yp(0 > y(tx0.¥0+49)
nee Xp. ins the position of the particle att yan re-intenprete the resus as streaklines
(0) “x(6r00%) ands)
(0090-4)
‘hich gives theseaine att where xp yoi8 the pont at which dye is released (gis varied from 0 10%)
or panies paths, frst ind 0)
Scping variables and integrating x= 194 up (149)
or 940) We have
and
Scparating vatiables and integrating roa {-~ =e ees {2(v-2]}e-w ~
be svahting is then xo t¥9(!-4) vaneless
Suto) = ¥0(t- 4) vate) = Yorsin[(‘o)f(t~ 9)
Streaktine for First Second
0 3 10
x(m)
can be plotted in Exeel. For t= 1, ranges from 0 to Problem 2.24 0) art 2
ZEren, VLoak a Geld We BEC EDL +6 yw Ro ss
Recs Sas 5 cnerdindles wrreastbad on ndkers
Wa, = eee Kormed Wey parties Ra Rosset
Sareea eet & cor SOS durergy eer sal
Congase 2% Ske ee Brorad gor A A=
ON and Ve
Sadion
Breakire Le ae connede eat Bab goured Rrovadr |
gat Gd) A eacker Les Ly =
ot van is |
For a gadkiide | Ge = ar “wig i
Se ates 6 = Cade
we to
w& Res tea Sat ~
= al @ AS Sea(eat \\ |
Le tee TN Saye ASS
gd
x eA
Meo oe Cae Sth \ ear G8 Boos BE S|
We whey wees & Nonge’! cae Be Ascarke |
as -~T. Ss Gad bye aS
‘ Ba ldeeebne Bee one BBR
es .
and a = s a
Arak Brora! & Gok Gad ayes NRen on
edd ra & Kee WR Land C we Shas
ae ys — Sree ne
BL tao x
aes . es
G Ay |e Reeabnes Broun Od
Ve he SO Re
Ree Neer ere ea Sees
WEES “ee ea
S&diy
: a NE BAN sha
Ad
oe = we
Re Amakluic Grou Goge OS A en Less we |
a < Le : oy oe SAE.
eS Ra SE ages Re Be and Say
eqpdtvchs Problem 2.24 (3) Part 212
L@-ed rors) |
ee
kD
we Gauls Cav ed ey sera tO) on She Aeedboe
Qe Gay A rss
ans , we
°
[Sweamines: 1=0s
yt) Problem 2.25 ‘ fa} Pan 12
5 |
Given Wodku Ga Ve oi Osi scaly Shree cuscesi, |
Nox OER, and coordincdes are Veogured A wrdars |
aL Be Acedhinn RA gasses & Be gor Ged}
SAA PSE eB eGo
Corngare Wi Be dreabies Mabed Brough Be
Bore GER ALES NY) ond Ub
Scdson.
Beebe AAs se comme posider A gassed Crougds
oA Gd dewrkes Less Ceol s\n) ond BS:
Toro gostade | we Ma ont vs Sale
Ren de & (
Beat Qt: KR os \*t {Geen
© c ee
BAAS oe BEY © ales BOE
A oLQ A + ECL |
|
: wWso “* tas © LS wetd et
Fre etre oe See Ewe
ee ae ty aS ses
SSokdsdang Sor a bbc e, te, ond hes geval”
ne CERN NEY a TESS i) G, \ decdhve!
We eectinn raga, tee athe Nag sedi bang wcbos Go
Tom Re ee< Ess os Keun Vdos © |
Re dees ie Sound Co aend Gon Sheds &
Ka e x
4 ee . ea at
Se No , |
wm & ~~ ba Fala |
not Re oe as Le)
Be OOS
Bd MiKdg sche Ge Le ae ads.e, Qa
TS koa “s Jee Sete
SS ox Xs ed
BO KEY |
weve, ae St
Dect ee etna Problem 2.25 [3] Part 2/2
50
(Steamines. t=08
40
30
yen)
20
10 Problem 2.26
(4) Pant 1/2
Gren: eo Fela ~ aki ukecorazs |
VAR ond coor Sore A eked
TAL: Be goththe Cdusvha, Se a RS ERERD of Qe
gaide ah gases RAS geek CES
| OS ROE ES sn x a
A Keak s
| Eeretscs eee
Savion:
Ra pdBiine and dineckiline ore Leased on gocandine
equatrens Gr a gate
Fer a gekbe e
Shae and vs salen
|B AL a ont .(&- alae, da Faherty
Me
ae Ae te
k Bac
: Ss
we Ma Caer ge ge HD
Qs Xe
Tn Re olsoue sqpcincrs
L Aelg ore Geordies of ged dd)
® We wre G dharhed Kosa, Be godin BA
Qosed, Sronge § S PETE Be GO HED LK Nine
Ros ts 2®
tere
ont
GQ ere |
aa’ |
Re gad\s moras Ae |
; eave wea Saas Wy romgngt (oer aS) os
S&S Me Asede G dhaned Cons erneee aN
Be Senay ce ces Sac oS
Be gar Gears OD
ot cone cadio be CS Ro
dete etek ae =o Cay
= do Se
wa) deco he
7 Fe = asa XDe5-t0) eS
Re Arkin 6 Sad Lu Memung te
cae a
Cobcead ae Lea a y3
Problem 2.26
Pathline and Streakline Plots
\—streakline
Pathline
[4] Pant 22 Problem 2.27 Bl
otis ae peated a he
Te seis ld seen vy be ual
1 Dinette potion eal = 1
Solution “The particle starting a 3 s follows the particle stating at t= 2s:
The particle starting at = 4 s doesn't move!
Startingatt=0 Starting att=1s Startingatt=25 Streakine att
xy aayay xy (Ty
3.00_| 0.00, Z00-| 200)
020 [oa Ta0| 1.60
oso [080 1.60-[-1.20
0.60_[ 120 1.40_[ 080
O80 [1.60 120-[ 040
1.00} 2.00, 0.00 | 0.00 1.00 0.00
120-| 20 020 [oa | ‘080_| -040
1.40" 2.80 040080. 0.60_| 0.80
160 [ 3.20 060-[ 120 0.40" 1.30
1.80-| 3.60 080 | 1.60 0.20-| 1.60
z00 | 4.00 1.00-| 200 [apa] ooo 0.00-| 2.00
200} 380) 1.00180 3.00 [020 0.00" 1.80
200 | 3.60 ‘.00-| 1.60 0.00 [-0.40 0.00-| 1.60
200 [340 7.00 [10 0.00 [0.00 0.00 10
200-[ 320 1.00" |1.20 0.00 [0.80 0.00 =1.20
2.00 [3.00 7.00[ 10 0.00_[-1.00 0.00-[ 1.00
2.00-| 2.80 7.00] 080" 0.00_[=1.20 0.00-| 080
2.00 | 2.60 1.00-[ 0.60, 0.00" -1.40 0.00 | 0.60
2.00-| 2.40 00" | 0.40 (0.00 =1.60 000-040
2.00 | 2.20 [190-020 300-| -L80 0.00-| 020)
2.00-[ 2.00 [190-000 0.06 [200 0.00 [0.00
Pathline and Streakline Plots
\ssaseess
Pative suring
Paine stating at
+ Pahine string att=2 5
_esecabtine att as Problem 2.28
@
Ath
1s described by velocity teld, (= an2/ + 0}, where
tnx f= 2 aS, Coordinates are measured in meters
cuit the eqtation OF the stzamibine passing through point
bo ALE = 1s, What are the coondinates of the particle that
Soul toaigh pot 1.4) a07 = 07 ALT= 3s, what are the coord
soos se parce that passed through point (—3, 0) 2 s earlier?
eos tht pathlines, streamfines. and Sieaklines for Us flow
naende
Giver
2D velocity etd
Find: ‘Streamlines passing through (6.6); Coordinates of particle starting at (1,4); that patlines, streamlines and
streaklines coincide
Solution:
nigprating
forthe strearine through point (6,6)
‘or pusticle that passed through (1,4) at
fenee. with xg = 1 yg = 4
ac
emge, with x9=
seo)
valuating at = 3 x=31tm
Ihc is # steady flow. So pathines, streamlines and streaklines always coincide
sesgeefaat (a)
6x + 180
ay J era but we need y(t
jot bt = yo+ 24
23
2 2, bee
ove t+ bygt Be)
Aute ts x= 26.3
ra)
I
Pa Ely -«')|
4-13) ye2-D
ye4m \
Problem 2.29 (6) Pant 172
Gutn: Velocity Hed in xg plane, V wat +bxty where
Q=2mils and 62/5! |
Find: G) Equatea tr streamine trough (uy) *(2,5).
&) At € 425, coordinates of Particle (0,4) at t*0. |
@) At €*34, wordinates of particle (1,425) 08 t=/s,
©) Compare pathlin, Stramlne,steaklne.
Solution: for a streamline de. dy
“uF
Fv Vzat+bxn wza and v=bx, 50 e-% or
=2
Bde = dy
Indeganng
xt
= 4 =. yz
Zo Eyte! or yaaxt te
Evaluathng ¢ at (uy)=(z,5), |
sy-byten L s 7
C= ¥-srx Sm ~gudx 5 Gms 4m
| Sham hae through 4) ~(, 5) ye Bae le
|}
To beak particles, derive parametric equa hens
Up - Kaa, dx *adt, and x-% = alt-to)
wpe 4 wbx, dy = bxctt ~ blo + at —aty) \
YY = b¥0G~te) +S lt*-t,) Ate (to)
For the Partick at (%,y) * (0,4) at t=0,
w= 0 tae so at t=ts, we BBnes 4m
gage e at tts, ga 4rpn? A's
yr8m |e
<—__—____|—
|
| Problem 2.29 [4] Part 2/2
| Por tre parker at (4) ~O,4.10) at tris, |
| X-%+alt-to) = /tak-y 1
soott=34 xr It? BBs = Sm
Y= 40 + bys lt ~t) + E(4e-t52) —Atele-ts)
= werde im lene de *2(gr-1)- 2 By IS Ct -1)
2 at t-Bs, yx Her 248-4 = ots m (es
—_—___ _—
| AU frese ports he va tne same Sheam line, as shown below:
© (02s)
& (4,2)
stramine |
ylay
| For this Steady flav, Srramnes, pathints, ANd straakiats
| toinerde, as expecta, Problem 2.30 [4] Pant 1/2
Given! Veberty bed V = aytt bef, where ar! sh b= Isms tink
Find: (a) Ae t* 28, particle that passed (i 2at €708
(At t= 34, particle rat passed O,t) at t= 25
(©)
Plot pathine and sheakiine Trough (2); Compare |
|
with streamlints at £*0 1,24
Solution: Path lire Gid strakhae art based 00 pacanetrie
equations for a particle, Thus
‘i
ale
4
= bt, 50 dy abba, and y-y ~ Sle%-t8)
4+$Qr-isi)
|
|
‘
ee] | ne xe tau (tte) t PEM aty-0))
es
20, 0d O,4) -,2). Thus at e725, gare ;
ae to20 (2)
CS, 300m At b=ts,Ciude
25, ad (x5, 40) =U, 9, Thus at t>34, the partik is at
(ee ee At t235, to725/G)
[@-Q2s'] s* «3.25 “Ra
RU)
Pg, fete-2))2?= 3.59 7
Fino), the sheakiine may bt plotkd at any t by Vann}
as Shot On tne NeXt page
|
The streamiac 13 Puad (at gee t) Fron ee zdy |
bubsittiheg Wray and Tb, ke BY gy or yt Ub y He |
Thus c= 4? - hE v, be |
2,
For £70, 9 = 6 j at (%, 4) = (1,2), thea C= 4
al gis 22 ; 4) ~ = |
beh gs By be y at (xo,4.) U2), ther Ces Kee
tr, gy
Bey pes at Cny)a(h2), 6 = 2 shor bas, C2) Problem 2.30
Recall V zagt tt, whee 4218 b= 05 lS (6, Go) = (1,2) m.
Pact (a): Fathiire of partitie located
AE C4) at GOS!
TST (yo)
of 001 200
Fare lo): Pathline of particle lace
at (Ko, y)ae t,>2s!
(ROO [ym]
2] 21 4.00] 2.00)
Bp 33.58] 325]
2] 4] 767) 6.00,
yen
Pathline Plot
x(m)
Pathine Plot
x(m)
Parte): Streambaes through pert (40,45) At tO, ht, and 3s:
06 200) 300, 376, 436,
0,7] 200, 316) 4.00) 469
Streaksint at t*35 of
parties that passed thr
point (0,40)
xem y em]
0|__ 3] 925! 4.25)
1[ a) 667! 400
Streakine Pict
[2] 3/358] 3.25
[cal 3) 4.00, 2.00.
(4) Part 212 Problem 2.31 14) Pan v2
GZrren, Wedd Gadd We aki ayy here as Ot wid beads,
and cavaunchas are veebured wm ears
sds GD WL= Ls, coordinates of padide Kok goed
Yara “Gea = GY Keo
by ae USae, coords
Ree of Qo Qakide RA gash
wang “Coys ak Lede
MW Re gel@ine ond dredbre Brora
WAR Be Aveardsres Ke
Leo us
ROX GN; congere]
Sddon.
ewes aa
PQA
He pale and direc are lbosed of Goramndiecc
Rqpokions Ser a garscbe
For a poke us Slay ond oe Stl
: ox
eo Sl eins eee |
hee
we eA ect bee S
. ue Ss BeGe gy sen 6
prone . Sop are coordncer & Re
garde ck tine be
cas Ke Qt he G dhoded Qu Clow dg Me pattie RL
pases Beng Se AAR als
toa AL Geo
as keaes Eos ev odt ) Cand edQrurr
ws bs whet Veeht y
BH tate | gatde YA ADS GHD &
we oar Daas Aswad Wy see sat Courtad
8 Re deeadbrre
