Trigonometry (3):

! Algebra with trigonometry

! Bearing problems

past papers questions:

Answers
1.
b
14

8n (a)
North

A 110°
North NOT TO
38 km
50 km SCALE

C 13.2 Y B

O
280°

A, B and C are three towns. 2900

The bearing of B from A is 110°.
The bearing of C from B is 280°.
AC = 38 km and AB = 50 km .

(i) Find the bearing of A from B.

bearingof B fromA 1100 Given

i bearing AfromB 110 180 2900 backbearing.................................................
of 298 [2]

(ii) Calculate angle BAC.

In triangleABC by sine rule

50 AngleACB Sin 50 into
SinACB
13.20

AngleBAC 180 10 13.2 156.80

156.80
Angle BAC = ................................................ [5]

(iii) A road is built from A to join the straight road BC.

Calculate the shortest possible length of this new road.

Sin1320 138

38 5in13.20 8.68km
Y
8 68
.......................................... km [3]

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For
7 (a) Examiner′s
A Use

N O T TO
SC A L E
(2x + 3) cm
(x + 2) cm

B C

In triangle ABC, AB = (x + 2) cm and AC = (2x + 3) cm.

9
sin ACB =
16
Find the length of BC.

sin ACB
YI 3
i
161 21 912 3
3 16 32 18 27
18 167 32 27
A
8cm 21 5 2 25
4.5cm

B C
6 61
Answer(a) BC = ......................................... cm [6]
by phythagouustheorem
(b) A bag contains 7 white beads and 5 red beads.
4.527
BC 182 6.61cm
(i) The mass of a red bead is 2.5 grams more than the mass of a white bead.
The total mass of all the 12 beads is 114.5 grams.

Find the mass of a white bead and the mass of a red bead.

Answer(b)(i) White ............................................ g

Red ............................................ g [5]

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3. N
8

5
NOT TO
A
1135 SCALE

North
t
464 510 km

j
720 km 40°
C

A plane flies from A to C and then from C to B.

AC = 510 km and CB = 720 km.
The bearing of C from A is 135° and angle ACB = 40°.

(a) Find the bearing of

(i) B from C,
360 40 45 275
275
................................................... [2]

(ii) C from B.
275 1800 095
Ibackbearing 095
................................................... [2]

(b) Calculate AB and show that it rounds to 464.7 km, correct to 1 decimal place.

In triangleABC
by cosine rule
AB 7j 21072 6s4
464.7km Idp [4]

(c) Calculate angle ABC.

by sine rule
510 464.7
Sin B Sin 400
44.90
Angle ABC = .................................................. [3]
ABC Sin Sloxsinuo
464.7
44.90
© UCLES 2016 0580/43/M/J/16
 16

4.
10
B

8.5 cm 12.5 cm

60° 14 35
x cm
NOT TO
A C SCALE
46° 76°

12 172
58°
D

The diagram shows a quadrilateral ABCD.

(a) The length of AC is x cm.

Use the cosine rule in triangle ABC to show that 2x2 – 17x – 168 = 0.

22 8 52 218.51476568
12.52

156.25 72 72.25 8.701

X 8.5 72 25 156 25 0

X 8 5 84 0 1 All x2
2
2 17 168 0
proved
[4]

(b) Solve the equation 2x2 – 17x – 168 = 0.

Show all your working and give your answers correct to 2 decimal places.

0 2 D 17 168
D b try 171111712167
41211
20 2121
17 IM
4
7 5.85 X 14.35

5.85 or x = .......................... [4]

x = .......................... 14.35
© UCLES 2017 0580/41/O/N/17
 17
X 14.35
(c) Use the sine rule to calculate the length of CD.
A C
46 76

s II 58

CD 14.355in460 12 172
D
Singgo 12.2 An
12.2
CD = .......................................... cm [3]

(d) Calculate the area of the quadrilateral ABCD.

Aver triangleABC t triangleACD

14.35 12.1724514760
4 8.5 143515in68 3
137 5566 C
138am

138
..........................................cm2 [3]

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5. 360 1270
3

2 For

yMis
North Examiner's
Use

N K
M 108°
1350 N O T TOEM
A
SC A L E
4 km
9 km
127
180 4
530 M y
L
Three buoys K, L and M show the course of a boat race.
MK = 4 km, KL = 9 km and angle MKL = 108°.

by cosine rule
(a) Calculate the distance ML.

ML 14492,214119765
ML 10 9201 km

Answer(a) ML = 10.92 km [4]

(b) The bearing of L from K is 125°.

(i) Calculate how far L is south of K. Thelength ofkm in thediagram

Sin35
4
sin 35
Y Ax 5 16km
Answer(b)(i) 5 16 km [3]

(ii) Find the three figure bearing of K from M.

Answer(b)(ii) 0530 [2]

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6. 12

6 For
A Examiner's
Use

16 cm N O T TO
SC A L E

40.50 Y
B 25 cm C

The area of triangle ABC is 130 cm2.

AB = 16 cm and BC = 25 cm.

(a) Show clearly that angle ABC = 40.5°, correct to one decimal place.

Answer (a)

16 254 SinB 130

Ix
200 5 in B 130
SinB
ABC Sii 40.5
Ig [3]

(b) Calculate the length of AC.

by cosine rule 1
AC 1252 162 21161125165405

16.5 An

Answer(b) AC =
16.5 cm [4]

(c) Calculate the shortest distance from A to BC.

Sin 40.57
1
Y 16X sin 40 5 10 49
Answer(c) 10 4 cm [2]

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7. 4
For
2 A field, ABCD, is in the shape of a quadrilateral. Examiner′s
A footpath crosses the field from A to C. Use

26°
B
N O T TO
SC A L E
11919
55 m

65°
32° 122°
A 62 m D

(a) Use the sine rule to calculate the distance AC and show that it rounds to 119.9 m,
correct to 1 decimal place.

Answer(a)
In triangleADC
AC
Sin122 8 26
AC 119 96 toIsp
625
51
[3]

(b) Calculate the length of BC.

108 752 m

109m

109
Answer(b) BC = ........................................... m [4]

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5
For
(c) Calculate the area of triangle ACD. Examiner′s
Use

And Ix 1199 62 5320

1969.6569
1970 m2
1970
Answer(c) .......................................... m2 [2]

(d) The field is for sale at $4.50 per square metre.

Calculate the cost of the field.

Areaof triangle ABL Lx119.9 55 514650

2988 3234 m
a total Areaof the field 1969.6569 2988.3234
4957.9803 m
i lostof thefield 4957.9803 4 5 22310.91135
Answer(d) $ ............................................... [3]
22300 351
_____________________________________________________________________________________

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8. 14

8
North

NOT TO
SCALE

D
P
58 km

142110 L
320

North

É
74 km

395km

to sit 38
Q 13.10
18
A ship sails from port P to port Q.
Q is 74 km from P on a bearing of 142°.
A lighthouse, L, is 58 km from P on a bearing of 110°.

(a) Show that the distance LQ is 39.5 km correct to 1 decimal place.

In triangle Pal
by cosinerule
Answer(a)

Q 7I 581_217458 6s32
39 5km Itp

[5]

(b) Use the sine rule to calculate angle PQL.

39.5
If Sin32
SinQ 58 5 in32
39 5
PQL Sii 5855532
5110
Answer(b) Angle PQL = ................................................ [3]
51 10
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15

(c) Find the bearing of

(i) P from Q, bearingof Q fromP 1420 Given

backbearing
bearing
of P fn Q 147 180 3220
3220
Answer(c)(i) ................................................ [2]

(ii) L from Q.

51.1 38 1310
013.1
Answer(c)(ii) ................................................ [1]

(d) The ship takes 2 hours and 15 minutes to sail the 74 km from P to Q.

MA
Calculate the average speed in knots.
2 2.25hours
[1 knot = 1.85 km/h]
if
Averagespeed 32.89Kmhr
I knot l 85kmhr
Igg
1 17 8Knots
32.89km h 3381
17.8
Answer(d) ....................................... knots [3]

(e) Calculate the shortest distance from the lighthouse to the path of the ship.

Sin32
I
5845in32 30.7km
Y
30.7
Answer(e) .......................................... km [3]
__________________________________________________________________________________________

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12

7 (a)
P

on NOT TO

g
gt SCALE

8.4 cm

7.6 cm 62°
R

In the triangle PQR, QR = 7.6 cm and PR = 8.4 cm.

Angle QRP = 62°.

Calculate

(i) PQ,
by cosine rule
PQ 217.618.41656202
7.62 8.42 8.27 Can

8.27
Answer(a)(i) PQ = ........................................... cm [4]

(ii) the area of triangle PQR.

Aron I x8 H 7.6 X Sin 620 28.2 Cm

28 2
Answer(a)(ii) .......................................... cm2 [2]

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13

(b)
North

135 164 610

Y
360
H

North
go NOT TO
SCALE

63 km
si 126
G

1875 J

The diagram shows the positions of three small islands G, H and J.

The bearing of H from G is 045°.
The bearing of J from G is 126°.
The bearing of J from H is 164°.
The distance HJ is 63 km.

Calculate the distance GJ.

by the Sine rule
63
5 1 sin 81

i fJ 63 Sin 61 55.8km
Sin 81

55.8
Answer(b) GJ = .......................................... km [5]

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10

6 The diagram shows the positions of two ships, A and B, and a coastguard station, C.

North

138km
36.20
B NOT TO
95.5 km SCALE

83.1 km
101°

(a) Calculate the distance, AB, between the two ships.

Show that it rounds to 138 km, correct to the nearest kilometre.

by cosine rule
Answer(a)

AB
T t83.1 21955113 is
138km to nearest km
[4]

(b) The bearing of the coastguard station C from ship A is 146°.

Calculate the bearing of ship B from ship A.

Bearingof B from A
by sin rule i

146 36.2

i Sina 83.15in101 109.80

Answer(b) ................................................ [4]
138
a AngleBAC 36.20
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