Gerformation : legat occurence or probably fs loss fat. oa P . . bare(6)] unit 2 = leg Le Bis length of Inijorenation bit nono J pagal paviyfte wits 5) -Pleye bee Proteanitity adn Error | wet Sa RIp l 7 Crr02 can be stecluced Aogoaithenie Dngormation (Ct) ° ® ABBY oy a morop is should "posity’ Bold P Codd) oily be ‘eal © scanned with OKEN Scanner* Drom ation 3 I! = , Self Fagor martin (a¢43) 9 MAD Ga) Fry ~~ Mutval Topormation joe — Play) - 844) 39 i= - bg ¢ Yj (ai AAD)» ax Ys RV Cr 1a.07 {yj = 1,2,-+-™ U Calewlats the Heshyal njorroaon when — 20v¥ce’ eymbols gy ‘ gel Bo stabi tically in elependlent ’ Par, gy). =~ '0g, (yi) PAID ai 3B mot olepend en Yi \ so AN) « aca, 4): ~ bog, PCAID “POD ow 5 (Cot, Hi = D(ey, a) nay D> ng Me) fl : ~ bene =o =’ 2 09, (43 00 4) } ela) PD > 1 (44,45) S —109, p(aiaui) “pea rly) © scanned with OKEN ScannerPAIS) > PL) Ay) gh o Baary Fd th oO occurs soit Robatsily J, & 1" woith P 2 Hon caludati ‘amount of ingfermabion § caule by ear fait . P(o)=-1 , = oe: 9(0) =« bog, Fe. (=F CD + = +09, Yp L0).= por - 3 WO> Whey ., :e bea 7 TG) OME. #F Ste Sntepy :- oi Boon a Hdze,9 (41) PUA) ” + I. PAN bogs PLAID 2 Muteal Brtbopy. oo: H(ay) = ss Pai yz) 2(aryy) Tat deh SED tS é P(4i/43 ) bog "P(ai, WS) eh "PLA © scanned with OKEN Scanner8 TE all the symbols that — exit ten - cov ane -eqvipmbable Hun tind Hs Earbopys gels - = Encbapy of amy mhormabien source 1S govrce Symbok are equipwbable: ery QA Clisuet memory less Binary Sovsice' emits — y symbols | Ay, Az, Aa, Ay having Probalalty 0-4, 0-8,0:2, 0+] » Now Clue Emdrpy of Govxce ancl find arroort of ivf rm acblon condainecl in Hu messages ay devas te a, 42% W3| de s%% manumum when Hla) = =F plaid bogs PAD). = i =F PAID vagy PAD-t ALAnyeg5 PCIHI+ PC -aD Fog, Ps) RLY Dog, PEAY | =~ i] O+t 109, (0°) +0°3 1090-3) +029, (8-8) 8 pO ogo!) 7 |-0-63- 0:52 -0'464- 0-332 | ula) = baye Va! / 5) robo) © scanned with OKEN ScannerT (ol =~ bog, Puy a, stedb'shieally . independent PAR AD = AA) PC Aad AAD PAE) Q = (0-0) (0 -anlorao) 00094 (arto%148) = 109, (0: 0096)

of © scanned with OKEN ScannerPCD +P(-)= 1 2 (-) + PE) a, 3 P(-) = PCD = 2A-) pe? = 2/3 i ma) =~ [rtp tage d 4 Vg, R- y = [%i ia, Ch) + ts nga) Ha) =~ [0.24 + C283) J° HID = 0:92 sagt = 02 Sec Lamb =” Bdge = 0 6 Se Algae = 2 sc" Saug = POD ptf. “+taoy ut pyle Beads LEO +o dust » Tag: > 0:53 © scanned with OKEN ScannerR= gnulx) rtf. = HOS o.aa Tog 5°63 R= ty bit/cec x Soonte Entodling Prd a Cae “te : - y ho “adele 1 Gimpl to comtvuct a 100), efficiency when sovrce probes ¥ Pret Beecode'- J. 20 equipebable SA code \ ‘in whith mone 4 “the ine cam 1 be jorned boy’ “adlding -coole iii PU prewde- Tha, in & preg preeode\ “no cedensoral * encther rodeuoval Dletinct code :- ~> A code we abistincl uf seach sfrom other cbalewovel rect’ Bente ile.v0ral is called a oped of 01 idodleworal ‘rs distiaguishab le © scanned with OKEN Scanner7 nigvrly Bendable sae A dichnck code is uniquely olecodable if “he original sou, aeqpence can be reconstructed pogectly prom eee Binaoy Sequence - x Tasted aneous Lode '~ SEO Ce calle — instantaneous — k dab: y 4 uniquely decodable code uw recognizable wwithouk if Hit end of any Cooleword & examining Subsequent code symbols’. . K DnEguatity Theorem: - - Kvagt Vis a x suppiciendt condition es given wr “ths “enidena of a fenary code with a cooleworol having length 4 me ~-.. eng tat eochifres tht progix condition: @: Prove oat all codes entept code 8. “cody Kraft ing i Fane that codes, Ps, cele 0° obs oni - decodable but Bec oe wnat oniquely decoolabl . . gli: «Ai Cock A ope @ Gee e. Bale B Bn te eS Ar ol rT) I roo % ; oo WB to 7 yod) et FOs sho ty oN 10 PRO bye outa Recto rvonf> © scanned with OKEN Scannerer ¢ eves fel = =m av+a4 aémeam el a rasa 2) gaa +2 te 4 a pa]e! a. Cede A cachispies ade —t Gel te yl tot 21 tit I q@ 4) Il aL 2 té) S.C satspes [Coe a ©o no wde & preps © i of another @ si coole “ loo UF Gopuntqpely aleco dab uo Cle B mot cocky {ok © « o Hroge Inequality 100 Heoorem lo vn Geode B ee sled S42 £4 7 1 et elo Zz gets 4! 14 2et aD x 7 Code B not sobspes code in pregit of sano code se,not uniquely dewdable- Cole & not prefix of anothe code %., oniquely olecodable © scanned with OKEN Scanner4! ee Shannon ~Fane 4 oe vtod hime aie s Io 16 G 16 4 8 fe ye ; j “Je 1° q — \ Jey OO Te prosely 1M ae least probalality - onde codeleng © scanned with OKEN Scannerg H(A) = & Plt) bog Pla) fel =~ [Falp tie Ble) td ld) + 2) + ie lH +g Pole) te (8) ee F966) 7 Ha) = 5 /s yenbo| L= s Paro fe! + Rate Ht +e eg = ree e pine te tel - tt3 ¢4 $ HL) > (60 = AL pili eye of L m © scanned with OKEN Scannerars - AD ‘. 0. 8 4) Ae ste as Ae ot 3 OT Oe 0.8 O15 of 0106 0103 0702 O-k . s . °. Pla? A 7 eG — 6 OG J os - 02s ad. eo j : os 06 | he oO) - onid ys Je . ; fe 0s | I Je ones 0 03 ! ) oN 0:02, 7 + = Codesoord (odelengls oO 1e say 4 110 18 Hae 1 (10. feb See ifr © scanned with OKEN ScannerA “1 do ag ae as Ke A PAD op He 0°25 Jo Os O°] 7 ° 0106 I Je 0°03 | | ee 0102 coy yi a Crdeuoord — Gedelongit © ' bts TON ‘ MO sheea 3, frre a LPFPO OS Hoe Wy MILO hy Itty) L Hla) =~/2 plaid iy, (ai)] al 2 04®@ bog loW) + 0,2sbog, lov) + 015 109, (o's) +0 bog ort) -# 0°05 bop, (005) + 0° 63 bog, (0°03) t+ o0r = Qe R59 FE/smbd © scanned with OKEN Scannera he S Pla dar a / . > = by Fxfors)t 9(or5) + Pa ita li + 6 (003) + Koo) = QB bibs faye! 4 = H(A) = 0 at hove ogee ok k ! Coding :~ bi et | : i } 5 Libies ae in dleeneaxing ord of probab = ' er gymbols whith axe haviry leowst proba a g. Add wast & ae the symbol sek, . #0 decreas g- order. J ain j 7 ae ptep urdil you Be fept with y only 2 Bymbrs + Cenrbnut pol ama 1° i Wore symbol Ain vo’ © upper %Y 11 Per ‘ © scanned with OKEN ScannerPon ol gf oh Oe OF OP OG 06 ° 7 0:25 O85 085 0198 on Op Jt ab Os O15 O15 Oe ‘fe 0: absor ay ol 0-1 OM o00 015-20 vt as oO 8 0105428 y. wpe de 0:03 oe os +05 toot) da 0°08 ‘p00!!! i d Gdeword Codlelongth | oF I a ol 2 we ++. OO}. Be e ae 6000 % aI ' as 00010 s ds 28 ONO =» .% ' dy pool | 6, Sere a= ua 1 eho, L eegee OODy y(a) 2-€ PAD RD SS F = Aasa iti [ty mbo/ " 7 7 . : A € PAI): 4 6 = 213, byt (oynbol . ye HO. 9.999 = FTL L a al “ © scanned with OKEN ScannerG&A 06 0:03 0:! 0105 O.QY 0:22 0:09 OB Pla) ag Xe a, ds % ay de de de ay qs As D Ay aa do Ar 43 de oay , oda ole OnlB on 0105 O-ay Oa O22 oan O16 ote ote ols, ol Oo! +09 . 00 01 08445 010545 *0-094 | 0:03 a Codoword as ot db ) ay 000 a 100 Ay {ol ay 0011 ‘Ay 00100, a 010) ds 46 da Ae oe SB ony Oral Oa 0:a3. ols 0:29 OB Joos J ost Tk, : . Codeleng eRe a 3 3 s b Ss. . 5 © scanned with OKEN Scanner“a $ Has & p(ai) 9,(P(4iD ) -- [ertetega ter 0 +0309, (0'03) + 01 bog, (011) 40:05 199, (005) + 0 .aU bog, (0'24)-+0+22 (0 9.(0-22).+0:9b0g (0-3) 0:14 bog, (013) 7 24d = 295 1S emit wu Le. t Ss plains et ! = pau (adt 6°aa(a)+ 0:(6(3) + 0:13 (3) +0°1(3) ren + 0.096) + 0:05(F) +0-03(5) ~ y = 9.99 Wib[snbel qe HO - 29 2 04 7 3” q 2 9937 # then Binoy HHvipmann lodings- N= oy ; _N-m integer —> then ald Gre m aymbols ™~) mot . Inte pd (gst? ® Symbols Continued anbil you lye with m Symbols ss i © scanned with OKEN ScanneraA — HAY sr a, “Oe : ; a _ 07% 0%. ->or38- 0 A> 0122s Oaa oy | As OG A—sote. DS pigge 2 dy 0113 ——s0.13 cy Ole - 3 As Ol—>s py Prenta de 0°09 d-es| & 0-054) 0. recom) 3 0'03-1 Ag N=M so gy set eieb-a Le pact 7 ae +E mot tn! inlget 20 odol aba = tb = 3 integer , 40 add Gable. s ~i 3 a oye eM FOr hs B a Cockewsord Godel 4, Co) 1 - 3] I da (g a “2 \ 43 con) 3 “3 | dy (one) 00 -6 ds c0%0!) ol mb Ub — oon) 03 & 19 ovoraore) 0X0 =F p As (a 06 oat) OR1 9 Cowie P Bw © scanned with OKEN Scanneryids ~ E boner 295 betta byrnteo| ne he s Pin g(0-20) t3(0:20F (0-16) + 6 (0 +13) t 6(0-1) + 6(0-09) 4 9(0:05)+ 9(0:03) - . 1 « Op 38° = HA) 2 g37 1 —# et. By T and Lompel A, “Compressing of seqoores via voulabl - sat coding.” Gee Faonsochen en Dnforrnaction “The oy val 24, PP. 630-636, 1998 - individual _Slep= Piviole the “'source sequence’ into vewlable length blocks calbel proowesrluch taven't! occured emelion « Skep= 3 List the phaaes ncsuirlly actoraing to thely occurence ine elicbionar yz give sential number ire value whore lengtta & tht lew thon fred gdeword size: Spat The woworal br nue plwore t He seutal value of tht progix sttinY added with Amoveive nt oY iuibauisarte ths prepix ating sudol mum bets dekon'ity be 20to- SPH Tha olesoda conshucls an telenbieal fasle ( dicbionary) Ob the yecelvet anol olecudes -the receiver Squence« © scanned with OKEN ScannerSm. TIflo. PUleoeeileolil 61911 ooo /1 611 . 1, 110,11, 01, 00, 100,111 , 010 ;1000, a1, oo}, 10,101, 10001, 101 Maaimum plisase longth - 5 se Dicbonary Bicbonory : Cle. as die — Beeston, Crcents word ~(wngth Capt a +) : ©2001 —<__—=; 00001 : one 00000 : ou 000! 0 3 EL ooo! | : oe OOl0| : Olle 00100 2 ou D011 g 1000 iT 61001 7 Von) 5 \210 _ 0l0l0 ” yore 5S O1110 v 101) ~ a 1100 < + OLOT I, » 110) one} ty ilo ‘ + "01000 ° 6 41) (001 awe Tues soul cee PMOL # Applicat py Rix GF : GRO Hor Image Cooling © scanned with OKEN Scanner"gil pix)e He 72 Hy Ae eye a e O:! O28 03 Ol DOB 0.05 0:05 0+} e on Comp are Hoffmann 2 Shannon fino Coobing | Efficiongy for given codesel a gorming Hob] chenno aking delle Sel x _Qiscrete Memmonpdess,, Channel a a in : Bae (tin) af Ma) = ACT [rm] © fein) PUL) sy eas) : Pn) PCS + P( Man)’ te hesslem Deannel :- A charmet described by the: » Chagn els. mnadeige waite “Sily) OMe nen-2e0 ‘elem ent in each Colawman ‘ Aosslen — channel», 7 tia ‘ a ° G2 ip cn © 4,49 Ys Ye, Ys PUY) PL YAY e(82h)) e/Su/\) PL %ar) plib) = y = | AM) Pla) Pha). PMs) Pla) ; Mie) 2s) wt) visa, a0 © scanned with OKEN Scannert o 4 o ° \ Ca) ° t ° SOR \ o = 6 ° [3 3 2 Dekwminishe channel :- A channel called determinishe if CH i's ‘des iter, ao channel matix thot hos only one ~— non 2eto element mm each Aw: i a 3: Noiseless chanel ay A channel ts called noiseless ch it Is “both — lgesless amd —dletewministic- = Oo Gr Bragonol “ Motria®: fatty dee ; p. Binoy Syynrnebnt™* Chsrnnel (psc). U-P) qd ho “Pw gE > v I ap Yo P tal & Gleulob frags or eee oF Be Bre aT) FL) + Plt )P( Man) = eee 2 ety ous aps poop sith ay . hy "4 © scanned with OKEN Scanner> ga: ce fa) ¢ 9.-0,<(6)4 a is dts [eee (sn.0 ssa] 2%. Lb gare ae F SP OME gg we : | $90 Tabs] [1a pro *go] = w bie (eHbgda) CHHeg CHa J + poaung?” wen sche ioe yruseys weyry? “MI eqaulabe wo rpoubse’ di. vay Ghar Cm ager) -Y —— ‘gee two i ge haisegud resis Ye ue podye poupop, Kqwroqad 10927 "y5q fo 2rmuGe— © scanned with OKEN Scanner “wd way a9 4:0 | L tal [iJ “(Raed u =D a = ej a (og (tattnda dae 7 CA) aay af gabon ci'n)aS B= ett Adee prop (Sh petiole = (etd nna? “(0 | Hoe9 ve FORA o& © scanned with OKEN Scannerog. at? 50X99 50x HO she GX EO coxe dg 4 (AE ome) tes | aE Canale = (a¥)d [0° sof =(a}d Ee 7 (Ald [080x070 Slat GEA © scanned with OKEN Scannernad = @1F 12 cman (Id 3 — = 00H oly ¢.92 (#4 (Jala! Ala) aros(d to cane ee 7 de oo. © scanned with OKEN ScannerPL=—fo-sa—one—o- 33] 3 u ( W)= -€ Ss P (ai, ¥y) bog P( 3 >) vst jet P(Y)= [" es Joe oe 0:3) © 0:3 09. P(y) = | 0-2 o-ay 0: O640-940-09] = | asrss @:2) Oar & . H(Y) = = & ply) bop, Ply) =! = 1 aad etn) FEI AAA lat > cee) ARID RI #(2t) P04) (a Res) [sft © scanned with OKEN Scanner7 Channel Ge lading “- Aires Bleck Geele C= B log, (14 sen)] * ¢- Gurnel Copacity B - Bandetady, suey Signal to Meise Ratio Rigita | are ref \ 1 eg data | are Cok DabrGral Gs c tiny ce d length Cc) =n length ky [azn ar- novf otedundemt bb "~ codusord lenghe K~ dengh of entormabion eworel (0,k)- dimension of Hue codest a= 2") a= ve 7 , 4 OR Ke Q-1-¥ 4 GF Sumo no enogl Welitin # Pasity Coding :- Pemel y Bet / at eG Ke3 Posity (3) JN Exon odd # Hamming Cool i (40) m9, kee phe Os geal : : R2b0% Ow 7st 2x3 x - (O@4@4 © scanned with OKEN ScannerGo toy Co oO 9 oo oO |} © oo} 0 t t toro I Cs channel CK) Coderwored ] v (i/p> p Channel» Becoding « Hemming God (n.» ve) nea) / Kz al-Y/ o * Ths mumbet oF mi wo bp cranny MoNn- 22D & thmming welgtt (vs) > Cc), 7 Hhenrnin g distance (ad) 5 dO) PPh Ps Hoppin — HEBD i, LOLOG 4 elements in . He. codeurord) d( (o1ooll, (0 1010!) © scanned with OKEN Scanner~ 101 oF d= 2 to |e’) 7 ~B) y foy block code $$ called Unear if the som of any 2 codewords tesult amsthey Coeleusor dl! CO cy =e } |) The all 2et0 word & alusoys A codewo ral a» T6 C’@ Crs Cx then wer) = ACCi,¢/) 3 dmin = Wrnia gy Minimum E&vx04 detechon (*) = Amir 5 Mine Euro elle Correction Gpacity zr = fldovin—1) O find +e min ghistance % (#4) Hamming code 4 calculate ‘ ‘ . 16 Bron lee © Lupe Grr capacity: el: ee Net 2.3 key 7 VV, CT OMEN C INCI? LOO can © scanned with OKEN Scanner~F--9 CoOF LT ~~ O89 OS =~ -9 0-— eo -_e eo --o ole es OS Ml = S83 ee ec ert ee ea [er Rie 2. & : : g =(Slelisioloi Tao eit tt ST Po |= i 2 eae é Ae eo eee ste gaeeee Scien E 3 - FOr es FP So o6| BS = = Bo s i “we = SBO~ste ig t - = ~s-e] > v + feet ees ees ce wale PY ~» ) De! Ot ey =e IQs! wy Fle Da © scanned with OKEN Scanner; G(s 2? fasity code ts (6¢? Sf Nee 7 A=3 # Generator Matrix (o) Cait /N>> Syshmodie codewerd stem ab aa ; ; Ss cal Court : 7 \ 4 gi = [Lew Featnn q- [1291 ol@ay ol vo | B&O 6 roriot f Ge o roo ae gekO% fleor sy Ol1e00 4 Ge ooldt | 2 © scanned with OKEN ScannerBa (9,4) Hlarrming code P,- G©@6@h Py = HOn@te On@ : e, P % re ° i leit (eee i ° Ox { i q I! Oy. 0 0 oO I 0 DaaTT OH ) oe exe GB Pp. Pz Pr, CO 8 os ‘ 10D be bogs oro jy | 0 tO Nein grate tty eae 4 T P H- [Po Don Credo Fenty check fv (9,4) Hasornng code © scanned with OKEN Scanner© scanned with OKEN Scanner. cH = (GH 08 eae \ = (ete t — oT Chanel Cod et 8 = 7% ety Gene geGaes : (6,3) codeword. (feo o eth 7. oa G leroy oF oorl to Giz Ts Pare-s) eh" gene} uN © scanned with OKEN Scanner3 » | ws i toy oo 7 o = " | Se sone i eee 7 “3 " sod Peis io wm vary + : Dd ¢ 2G af vo ® : ase Soy z > Ss lw 1 i w 7 pee ‘ ' nea 3 a 2T3 ED ne So ee a 7 ee eS~. oy ' 1 ' ' a feet ee ae = Q ~2 + of eee aees Bo, 8-e5 oo Box ' 1 lg ~9°0 %~o- Soe oty 0 a eeANS L a = 7 Ss ice v ated Qo 4 MS ee 3° wm © scanned with OKEN Scanner— aes > He PTT eee get He fe es ee : fareo ti etttora| . € T aa =eH ol! } : wt : Ganelaneeal ai e seth ii tae oaaGnainuneaae on 0 0 OP? eC aaaaeee : eri Pare ear e 9. | ies : -0c.0 o ! 0 o !, 0 818 oO (204.0. t 0° oolooo op At gee Sera ae ° ° to 0 00 @: Convda a codeword ¢ = t101(o belongs cto (6,3) Ging exoy coweching cool »Bulermine decodes extination when th errons = ue : €, = 001009 : 4 ey Loo? \ \ es = o00!T1 wy a Up ot ey = llOt)0 : _ 0olOoo © scanned with OKEN ScannerC= UH fr bi tros oo xe [sy et ao 6x3 aa \ o | COW OW! 11 Ve Illy o S=#I1I0 ,e@2 0OO0!lo00 fat Ot Peete retest [eto ge ee see ee G- flolle Hits jsianniaitnia VW = C+e, - lUlotloe vw orl ol) Seed ——_——— g pol lol a ———_ 1 ° ° feo o] Ve= C+ ey 4d Liotre Ost fete io Os iaHae) Se »fireoo)[? r19000) H eee s-fi rey _ e~o-0N —o90-~ ' iy ~%da—-- ' ° t ° © scanned with OKEN Scanner