2022 TRIAL HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION DO NOT REMOVE PAPER FROM EXAMINATION ROOM pe ee Centre Number ‘Student Number Mathematics Extension 1 Afternoon Session Friday, 12 August 2022 General + Reading time — 10 minutes Instructions * Working time - 2 hours + Write using a black pen + NESA-approved calculators may be used + Areference sheet is provided + Use the Multiple-Choice Answer Sheet provided + For questions in Section 1I, show relevant mathematical rea- soning and/or calculations + Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this page Total marks: Section 1-10 marks " + Attempt Questions 110 + Allow about 15 minutes for this section Section Il - 60 marks + Attempt Questions 11-14 * Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section Disclaimer Te i ern tan uaa nou Cth Gat sh Une ee trea se Cea es eM LSA an is i Suscenace agree ears Sie anti fete ete Sato baa st Ertan na nwt ts wens panera me SSE GE eats rirnu ty fsa pat iasers neo bloc! 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A. 4(coso—cos? a) B. 4coscrsin® C. cosa —cos3a@ D. 2(cos ot —cos3a)5 The direction field diagram below has a particular solution shown by the curve sketched on it 6 _ Intriangle ABC, what is the exact value of sin(A +B)? c Am 3 B 2 A = v5 p © 2 5 (Cea v5 vp % 510 ‘Which of the following is an odd function? A. a(x) =$+cosm!x B. B(x) =F-cos™!x CQ ck)= $005"! (1-x) —cos“! (1x) A B. le-b) c. lal la-b) vp a lel Consider the vectors OA = Oi Itc = 22 which of the following is true? A. AC=2BC B. 2AC=BC ©. 24c=38C D. 34C=28C Let X be a random variable with a binomial distribution, with n independent trials each with probability p of success. If p changes from 06 to 0-5, which of the following is true? A. ‘The mean of X increases and the variance of X increases. B. The mean of X increases and the variance of X decreases, C. The mean of X decreases and the variance of X increases. D. ‘The mean of X decreases and the variance of X decreases,Section II 60 marks Attempt Questions 11-14 Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section ‘Answer each question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available. Your responses for Questions 11-14 should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or’ calculations. ‘Question 11 (15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. @ 0) © @) © ry sh Soive 5 <1 If 9 =sin7 - show that cos20 = Z * sin V2) Using the substitution w= y¥ evaluate f dx. VE Given gis a unit vector and (x—a)-(x+g) = 24, evaluate |3|. (i) Write the expression 2V3 sinx + 2.cosx in the form Rsin(x + 01) where R > 0 andosas 5 fii) Hence find the value of k, where 0 < k < 27, for which [ (2vSc0sx—2sinz) dv=2.Question 12 (14 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. @ () () @ ©) Emma is the driver of a car and is planning to take six of her friends to a local soccer match. She can take at most four passengers in her car. She will need to drive two trips. Determine the number of different ways in which her friends can be selected for the first tip. In each round of a game, the player rolls five standard six-sided dice. They win the round if exactly two dice show a result of 2. Out of 1000 rounds, what is the expected number of wins? Given the pair of parametric equations x = 3cos” @ and y = sin @cos@ for 6 € [0,3], find a Cartesian equation in the form y = f(x) . Prove by mathematical induction that 1x242x 243x340 x2" =2+(n— 12"! for all positive integers m. For the quadrilateral PORS, PS = OR = @ and PG = SR = b, as shown in the diagram below. Q R b P @ s if [PR 53}, use vector methods to prove that PORS is a rectangle.‘Question 13 (16 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. (a) The first camel arrived in Australia in 1840, Camels were released into the wild in the 1920s and have become a pest that is a threat to fragile native ecosystems. The growth rate of the population P millioas of wild camels in Central Australia at time ¢ months after the end of 2021 is given by dP 1 P aw ( : 5) ‘The wild camel population was reported to be 1 million at the end of 2021. That is, when t=0,P=1. Show that ® PQ—P) P'3-P* Gi) Solve the differential equation to show that P= ——>— 2eH 41 (iii) Write down the limiting population of the wild camels. (iv) How many years will it take for the population to become double what it was at the end of 2021? 9 (b) Consider the shaded region bounded by the curve y = 9 — 5 , the coordinate axes, and the line y = has shown in the diagram below. y(em) 7 ‘A hollow vase is generated by rotating the section of this curve in the first quadrant about the y-axis. The vase is being filled with water at a constant rate of 30cm/min. Find the depth hem of the water at the instant when it is rising at a rate of 2 m/min, Question 13 continues on page 9Question 13 (continued) © To offset the global rise in carbon emissions, Carolyn decided to re-grow a native forest on a large property in western NSW previously used for grazing sheep. She removed the sheep and waited for the forest to regenerate naturally, Ithas now been 10 years, and 30% of the property is now forested. Carolyn needs to return to the property to survey the types and sizes of the tree species present in the forested areas. She will use this data to calculate the amount of carbon that has been captured on the property in the last 10 years. To do the survey, Carolyn needs to generate a random sample of points on the property. Let P be the proportion of sampled points which are forested. @ id) If she generates a random sample of 100 points on the property, what is the probability that P exceeds 25%? Using Table 1 below, or otherwise, find the smallest number of points she needs to sample such that P (P > 0-25) is at least 95-5% . ‘Table 1: Single decimal place table of P(Z < z) $0 +1 +2 +5 $4 $5 46 47 +8 49 neols 0-500 0-540 0-579 0-618 0655 0-691 0-726 0-758 0-788 0-816 0.841 0-864 0-885 0-903 0.919 0.933 0.945 0.955 0.964 0-971 0.977 0-982 0.986 0-989 0.992 0.994 0.995 0.997 0.997 0.998,Question 14 (15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. (a) A projectile is thrown at 20 m/s at an angle of inclination o from a lake’s edge towards ‘a canoe that is 30 metres away and moving away from shore at 3 m/s as shown in the dizgram below. ‘The position vector r(¢) of the projectile ¢ seconds after itis thrown is given by (ny = [_ 200s A= |_ 512 + 20¢sin ot | Do NOT prove this. (@ Show that the projectile lands in the cance if 20sin2a — 6sina— 15=0. Gi) Find integers a, b, and ¢ such that 15x4 +9233 +. 30x? —68x-+ 15 = (3x7 + 16x—5)(ax? +bx+c) . (iii) Using the factorisation in (ii) and the substitution x = tan (), find solutions for or so that the projectile lands in the canoe. Give your answers correct to the nearest degree, ‘Question 14 continues on page 11 =10-Question 14 (continued) (b) Consider the polynomial P(x) =x? +k? + mx-+n with distinct zeros @,B and y. Let Q(x) be a monic polynomial with zeros @?, B? and * @ Show that Q(x?) = —P(x)P(-x). = (P= 2m)x?+ (nm? ~ 2k) (i) Hence show that Q(x) = x (c) Consider the polynomial P(x) = 23 — 3x? —x-+1 with distinct zeros of, B and y. (By using two applications of the result in part (b) ii), or otherwise, show that the polynomial R(x) = x? — 107x? +27x— 1 has zeros a’,B4 andy. (i) By assuming that c > 0, and that the magnitude of otis significantly greater than the magnitudes of B and 7, and by considering the sum of zeros of R(x) above, explain why ort rs 107. Gii) Hence find an approximation for to 2 decimal places and verify itis a good approximation for a zero of P(x). End of Examination teEXAMINERS David Houghton (Convenor) Oxley College, Burradoo Geoff Carroll Sydney Grammar School, Darlinghurst Rebekah Johnson Loreto Kirribilli, Kirribilli Svetlana Onisezenko Meriden School, Strathfield Gerry Sozio Edmund Rice College, West Wollongong Additional Disclaimer ‘seh SC Emits il st nog NSA cantly eth eet CSSA Ts SC Eure a SA annals et Scares woman aio Gets Hi ar nr ac oa See examen tet 3 pekinstrascomecanceumaten 3. Sine ain dscns ay an bsp emma ox in aoe who say sl ag 1s Capri at 18 (CH » farce tly vm be pt pec ha ~12-2022 TRIAL HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION AY CSSA MARKING GUIDELINES Mathematics Extension | Section | 10 marks Multiple Choice Answer Key ‘Question | Answer | Outcomes Assessed | Targeted Performance Bands 1) A | MEII-1,ME{1-2 | E2 2 D | MEI24 BD 3 B | MEI2-7 ED-E3 4 D | MEIL3 E253 5 B | MEI2-4 F2-B3 6 A | MEIL3 E2-E3 7 B | MEII-1 EB 8 C | MEI22 EBE4 9 A | MEI2-2 E34 10 Cc ME12-5 E4 Question 1 (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MELI-1, MEI1-2 Targeted Performance Bands: E2 Mark | Reflect curve over the line y =x 1 Hence A Question 2 (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-4 Targeted Performance Bands: £2 Solution Mark = cos”! (2x) +e. 1 Using Zcos-! Fl) on reference sheet: J Hence D | Disclaimer eStore eee eer fete ee Ser a es en mr chant eect ay eer murm tat ierstic gpm aren teat emamatemetineee eine acetal aectae SSS Sa San yaya tetas cee no 6200-2 false‘Question 3 (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: ME12-7 Targeted Performance Bands: E2-E3 Solution Mark da eB 2 (eas) wo ciny #einy 7 InLine B, 5, (cosy) = —siny A siny Hence B ‘Question 4 (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MEI1-3 Targeted Performance Bands: E2-E3 Solution Mark Analysing the options, A=B while CD, so the answer must be C or D. 1 2sinarsin2a = 2 x 5 [eos(o.— 2a”) — cos(a+22)] = cos(—ot) —cos(3e) = cosa —cos30t © #2(cosa—cos3a) ©) But also, 2sinarsin2or = 2sina x (2sin acos er) sin? acos (B) cosa (1 —cos* a) =4 (cosa —cos? a) (A) Hence D Question 5 (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-4 Targeted Performance Bands: E2-E3 Solution Mark Checking the y-intercepts: A gives y = /3 > 0, which does NOT match the graph. B gives) = /—3 = —1-4, which does match the graph. 1 C gives) = /9 > 0, which does NOT match the graph. B gives) = /—9 < —2, which docs NOT match the graph. Hence B i Disclaimer “Thailrnan coved tis documented epson asidace totes sl. ous a conte eet aes arr nth eon 1 pros soci aren ees a posta CSSA Tal HSC Exar reese press so ris ache wi aman th ha at Sel ele unre and oy HC mang narrates byte NOW Ean Sends Aaa. guste wary ade ego eb Steuioe Marg Guns sono ay patio Wet Hs Crane geson ene The GeCK wees cn sees Waking Geos coe! ha CSSA al HSC oman pers -2-Question 6 (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MEII-3 Targeted Performance Bands: E2-E3 : ~ Solution Mark sin(A + B) = sinAcosB + cosAsinB = wn Fs te + oy Be We 1 ag = a Hence A Question 7 (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MELI-1 Targeted Performance Ban ais i Solution Mark Note the complementary angle result cos“!x = § sin“! x. which makes it impossible for these to be odd functions. [PBlsnice BPE Fe ihre re ee Hane ceee eee Question 8 (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: ME12-2 Targeted Performance Bands: E3-E4 a(x) = x which is NOT an odd functi So, b(x) in~'x which is an odd function, ‘The domain of cos! x is -1 5. claimer ‘harman sovanedio Ws camara ard the poten aside oot tac Sa. does ra cove sce sues Furr nab eon (GSA onc apecie mary onan passe ESSA Tal HSC Ean wee urna na eve aca oman 2th hay a ‘eer le untae rd oa He mang ara ot natisody fe NW Eason Stans Aah. Ne gra er waar cgs k ‘ep oe apleten oot GSGA tel OS Samson Mag idan sas ay spate War HSC EkanrSon uaron& aoa MESA ese ‘stn rfp fre assay, compass useless Wan Cadaos posi ta CSSA Tas SC aan paps 4e11(b) (2marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEII-3 Targeted Performance Bands: E2 Criteria i Marks * Provides correct solution 2 ‘¢ Finds a correct right-angled triangle and expression for sin @ and cos 0 OR uses cos2@ = 1-2sin?@ 1 Sample Answer: If @ = sin“! (4), we have the triangle: So cos26 = cos” @ ~ sin? @ Fal -e2)-() 11() (3 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-4 Targeted Performance Bands: E2-E3 as required. Z| a Provides correct solution * Correct substitution but does not calculate new limits of integration correctly * Makes some progress towards the correct substitution, even with errors Jew oJ Sample Answer: Ieu= y¥ then x= w and dx = 2udu When x = 0, =O and when x= 2?,u= 1. = -a[coss] 0 = —2fcos x —cos0] =-2[-1-1] =4 11@) (2marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-2 Targeted Performance Bands: E2 Criteria Marks * Provides correct solution # Correct evaluation of dot product 1 Sample Answer: (e-4)-(@@+4) = 24 Ix? =244+17 Gincela) = 1) eex-g-ytee-a-a=%4 lL xP —|al? = 24 So |x| = 5 since |x| > 0. Disclaimer Thetamatercninod ats conus nerd re pots setae oon aching eds rot colic son Weer Fro: isl elon ‘leSshin vie spn mekingsusnnas apatite 690 to He Eurraten ener Fae pages ete rondo cies wi roma ta ay os Sats ep unc a apy Grating equemens gs eaanetod Fe NeW Cavnion Sarde Asay Mo gues crear Mase sng wl ‘trpas Bt eptenon oon Ssh Ya Hoe Snminon ating Gusanen rete oar spore Se Ccartlngarscnar ara Te CSSX Seanez ‘rasan orlpony rw sry sien curdlnee any Mas Gaenes ofa rhe CSSA Tl HSC Caan pam ett11(e) @) (2 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI1-3 Targeted Performance Bands: E3 Criteria [Marks « Provides correct solution 2 ‘© Correct approach to equate coefficients but with a mistake z 1 Sample Answer: Let 20/3sinx+-2cosx = Rsin(x-+ 0), where R > 0 and 0< a < 3 RHS = Rsin(x + @) = Rsinzcosa + Rsin orcosx 2V3 and Rsin a = 2 Equating coefficients gives Roos cr R°cos? @— R’ sin? = 12-+4 pone 2. oo ona” 2 R= 44 and since R> 0 tana = =e R=4 iT em os 6 So 2Vsinx-+2eosx=4sin (x+ 7 11@ Gi) (@ marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEIJ-3, MEI2-3, MEI2-4 Targeted Performance Bands: E3 Criteria Marks | © Provides correct solution 3 # Evaluctes integral correctly and equates with part (i) but with an error in} 2 calculation Evaluates integral correctly or error carried forward 1 Sample Answer: x, : ; (2V3cosx—2sinx) dx =2 rom part (f os 4sin (e+) =4 [2v3sinx-+2c0s3] E =2 (2v3sink-+ 2e0sk) (2v3sin0-+ 20080) =2 2v3sink +2cosk =4 Since 0 < k < 2zr, the only solution is k= 3 Disclaimer ‘ngiteraten crs th acumen nese to less agtsance on acing sabes et consuls 24s sudan ue Sco en ‘Seno prods sesttmrng zones ora pass COSA Tn Emma son, Raa fe prone mo ros aes ema oy an ‘ea tne ard ay HSC mtr exonerate exlsnosby le Na Eaucron Snare Aon ey pus war ass wi apes up ran evn tl SE Exacta eon oy spots Ta Hos Eamnaron guaran eee. The GSA emus ‘fay or apna hesosany congsnscsorentinasd! ary Nang uenenoor br CSSA Tan HSC Banca panes -6-Question 12 (14 marks) 12(@) (2marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEII-5 Targeted Performance Bands: E2-E3 Griteria : Marks ‘ Provides correct solution 2 Gives °C only 1 Sample Answer: Emma must take 2, 3 of 4 friends in her first trip, in order to take at least 2 friends in the sec- ond trip. Therefore, the number of different ways she can choose is °C; +°C3 +C, = 50. 12(b) (2marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-5 Targeted Performance Bands: E3 ‘Criteria 2 Marks Provides correct solution 2 * Finding the term in p? 1 Sample Answer: °. 1 Consider the binomial expansion (p+ 4)° = )" ) pkg where p = ganda= 2. fi ‘We want exactly two sixes i.e, when k = 3. Accordingly, the term in p? is (3) pq3. So expected wins= 1000 x (§) x (})7 x (8)? = 160-75 --- 161 wins 12(c) (3 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEII-1, MEI1-7 Targeted Performance Bands: E3 Criteria e ‘Marks = Chooses positive square root because of domain of parameter @ ¢ Expresses y* as a function of x © Writes y? as a function of cos @ anu Sample Answer: Starting with y = sin@ cos @ and Solving for y gives: squaring both sides we have 3x-xt 9y? =9sin? Ocos?@ a (1—cos? @) cos? 6 ya EP 3 =3(3c0s?@) — (3cos* 0)? br r ‘Thetermuenconsoen ths oauronts ede ete astane lo ache Sat eset nnn soe sins Fura is et elton SESSLE neces peso icusea stn tr ren tr pyrue pexh wcnn har y ‘triton cerns ara ao HC man ures, a sates by be NS Caeaton Sara Naty Ne mareoa or waray Meteo okavl ‘Sift sptton ots a CBBA Wa HSC Eameaton ekg Cucatten ton ony pear Hise Eamon quo rans Te COGA seats ‘lab repo fobs asuay eomleanst eases an arg les od fre CSSA Ie SG Esemnaon papers, noting that y > 0 since @ € le eee12(@) (8 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-1, MEI2-7 Targeted Performance Bands: E3 Criteria ‘Marks | ‘© Completes the proof correctly aH ‘ Substitutes the correct expression for n = k 2 ‘¢ Demonstrates the result true for n= 1 1 | Sample Answer: jep 1 Prove the result true for m = LHS =1x2 RUS =2+(1-1x 27) =2 Since LHS = RHS, the result is true for n = 1 Step 2 Assume the result is true for n = k That is, 1x2+2%243x2petkx 2 = 2+ (k= 1) x 2k Step 3 Prove the result true for 2 = k-+1 ie, Prove chat 1x 24+2x 2243 x2 -t---4kx 24+ (kt 1) x 26H = 2+ (k) x 262 LHS =1x242x 2432 4--4kx M+ (k+ 1) x QE =2+(k-1) x21 4 (k+1) x 2k! By Step 2 2424 k-1tk+ I] +k x ae =2+kx I? =RUHS as required Hence the result is true by the Principle of Mathematical Induction. Disclaimer I eSeNe snc tnncienangaseomets open GSS Tania Echuca faa pipet pons tr ye ESC REE end ont se many rena exatses yom RaW Eatonton are Aart. Ne uate wary ase gb at ‘Sip ote eset or cas Fea lM Sammon akg Gutos ft ery specs That MSO Exanton quan e anna Te GEOR sees ‘SHEED oP Seeoay bss essay corp wake any Many dene ua ort CSSA Ted HSC Euainsen pes —8-12(e) (4 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-2 Targeted Performance Bands: E3-E4 ice [Marks ‘© All proof steps correctly completed with a valid conclusion | 4 Uses the dot product to show that PS 1 PG } 3 Derives a correct expression for PR and SO. 2 « Establishes that PORS is a parallelogram Poe Sample Answer: We know that PS = QR and PQ = SR (given). Hence PORS is a parallelogram (owo pairs of opposite sides equal and parallel). 53 = 70-7 q PR =PS+SR +b We know that |PR! '50| (given). ven ft = 5 PR-PR (a+b): (a+b) @atab+b =0, P81 PO. So PORS is a parallelogram with a right an- gle, hence PORS is a rectangle, as required, Since @ ner cr anroand od op ISG marang puree, netanhoy ba NS Crain rors ny. No guaran ean wr ose wb ‘apes me apn ou oC a Hab Eman ag Ouse maton ery twee HS examin caer awe Te CSSA > ‘okay respon he szcy, apenas vues! any Mang Gulsoaes pores rhe CSEA Te nGU Cameo apr -9-Question 13 (16 marks) 13(a) (i) (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MEII-1 Targeted Performance Bands: E2 [ Criteria Mark Provides correct solution EEE I Sample Answer: IHL 3-P Soe =LHS RUS= 5+ 3B = BG—P) + PB—P) 13(a) (ii) (@ marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-4 ‘Targeted Performance Bands: E3 [ Criteria Marks | * Comple:e solution 3 + Substitutes initial conditions correctly 2 + Reciprocates then integrates correctly 1 Sample Answer: = wP (1-4) Thus ets t= 80 ’53,) ry ee ee) 2P = 326 — Pets =80(p+ 577) Collecting like terms gives Integrating both sides with respect to gives 1 =80(In|P|~In|3~P|)+C P(2+ ei) When t= 0, P= 1, so C= 80In2, hence Thus P= + et = 80ln|~ soon ' eH +1 13(@) (ii) (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MEII-4 Targeted Performance Bands: E3 Griteria Mark © Correct answer I Sample Answer: Ast +00, 2e-W +0, and P+ 2. Hence the limiting population is 3 million camels. P=3 () Disclaimer ‘Tralromatos corti th dcunon oder pln! aca! ny acing st cst rte ano tet. Father at rota (055 pov spect: makin ogaos ral poss 05S Tie HSC Beslan wrawaa ro puss sw onde ears wih ermatr aa ay exh str nl unde retard aay SC rang eens besa ty ho NSH Canon Scr en No pavario waranty ase nai ‘ego ete ac 6 C39A Ta Hac aren Marny usc eos ay specu Tear HSC Hearne qisiona ane Toe CSSA Soames ‘tat rraponsbiy feta ooy complineen obra! ey hr Gusts onan CA Tha HSC Darian apes. -10-13(a) (iv) (2marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-4 Targeted Performance Bands: E3 Criteria Marks '* Provides correct solution, in years (without penalising rounding) ; 2 # Substitutes P = 2 into an equation for ¢ pa Sample Answer: Tofindr when P=2 1=80In =80In= ~ 110-9 3 1 2 poadin So, the population will exceed 2 million in 111 months, or 9-25 years a rend 13(b) (marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEL1-4, MEI2-4, MEI2-7 Targeted Performance Bands: E3 Criteria | Marks ‘Provides correct solution 4 ‘© Correctly substitutes initial conditions into 4 3 ‘* Finds correct expression for 2 ‘¢ Finds correct expression for V 1 Sample Answer: Making x? the subject of the equation since 2. — 50 and 2 — © we have it dt 3x’ av avi ae ah at dt 50 =50+— 3a =3n A vos wdy lo he 9 =a] ——ay [ 9-y Differentiating both sides gives Wy? ‘The depth of the water at the instant when it dh" 9-h is rising at the given rate will be 6cm. Disclaimer Piglet ane some rusty rat memo anette orate ESE pe ees eee ee can re es gee Sees agra aso Gna comtin cei waren i Cantril rekon Sarat cermin cg arse oe -1-13(c) (i) (2 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-5, MEI2-7 Targeted Performance Bands: £3 Criteria Marks ® Provides correct solution, accepling 85% or 86% 2 # Evaluates correct expression for Z 1 Sample Answer: 0-3x0-7 100 For sample of 100, t = 0-3, and 0.0021 . Now, P= N(0-3,0-0021). 0-25-0.3, Letz= 2° 75-0021 Now, P(P>0.25) ~ P(Z>-1-09) a P(Z< 1-09) From Table 1 the probability lies between P (Z < 1-0) » 84-19% and P(Z< 1-1) %86-4% but clearly closer to the latter value. So there is approximately an 86% chance that 25% of the sampled points are forested. 13(¢) (ii) (3 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-5, ME12-7 Targeted Performance Bands: £3 =1.09. 7 ___ Criteria Marks ‘ Provides correct solution 0-05n Approx:mates to 1-7 (or similar calculator method) 2 PP: Youn © 176 ) © Finds correct expression for Z 1 Sample Answer: 25n—np _0-25n—0-3n _ —0-05n MPT VO2In — VO-2in* Let z= —0-05n \ So, we need to solve P (2 > Ta) = 0-955. That is, P (z < 0.955, From the z-score table, P(Z < 1-7) © 0-955 taking Ze 1.72 0:05" Taking Z 1-7: aa pnw 2:89 021 0.00250" 5 99 ~~ 0-0025 ae ©?" 243 So, Carolyn needs to sample 243 points for there to be at least a 95-5% probability that at least 25% of the points are forested. Disclaimer “Yo erat sgraogin ns osuronts areas gol sana! oy acing wa ees ret cate aucnt stn Ferien roan 1 eo rose spats many asses rps CSA TS Sesinton tsar ane he pees agra ena lino a ey or ext unare ardaay HS mat tacamat os sili ay NSH Cassin Sane sty Ro ee oramany race mpl ‘Repost wanton rs ot Gan Wal Hob Examen aay Sales elon ow sone ear He Eeansetonqoostono ono Toe SSR ceases ‘ilsbey responsi fre azary, omg snus ay Manu Guarana br CSSA ha He Booty ape =12~Question 14 (15 marks) 14(@) @) @ marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEII-2, MEII-4, ME12-2 Targeted Performance Bands: E3-E4 Criteria “Marks | « Provides correct solution 2 | «Finds t = 0 ort = sings L Sample Answer: The projectile lands when vertical position is zero, that is —51? + 20rsiner = 0 —St(t—-4sina) =0 150 or dsina Now, the horizontal position xm of the canoe is given by x= 30 +34 and the horizontal position xm of the projectile is given by x = 20rcos a, so the projectile will land in the canoe if these expressions are equal when 1 = 4sinq, so 20(4sin a) cosa = 30+3 (4sina) 20(2sin orcos a) = 15+ 6sinot Which gives 20sin2e — 6sinor— 15 = 0 as required. 14(a) Gi) (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MELI-2 Targeted Performance Bands: £2 Criteria __ | Mark ® Provides correct solution, either by long division or other valid method 1 Sample Answer: Sx? + 4x~ 3 3x? + 16x —5 ) 15x4 +9223 + 30x? — 68x-+ 15 15x4+80x3 — 25:7 12x3 + S5x" — 682 2x3 + 64x? — 200 9x = 480 +15 = 9x? ~ 8x4 15 0 Hence, 15x* +92x3 + 30x2 — 68x+ 15 = (3x2 + 16x—5)(5x? +4x-3). .a=5,b=4,c=-3. Disclaimer Disclet neuer mado mn eri ne eit ESE Epc eset eee ea ea Nee ee Sesto arden cae noma tame necerar gett eaateta fins i ae ce neta une eters ts team =13-14(@) (iii) (@B marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEI2-3 Targeted Performance Bands: E3-E4 Criteria Marks ~ Eliminates negative values of x and provides correct solutions for & 3 4 Uses quadratic formula or otherwise to solve each quadratic factor = 0 2 # Correctly uses half-angle substitution for x into an equation in 1 Sample Answer: Making the t-substitutions (using x), x= tan (8) givessina'= -7*5 and cosa = ts Substituting into the equation 20 x 2 sin orcos or — 6 sin or — 15 = 0 from (i) gives: 2x 1-2? 20x2% 7a X gpa 8% ~15=0 142 80(x—25) —12(x+x°) -15 (14:2) =0 80x — 8x9 — 12x — 12x3 — 15 — 30x" — 15x* 15244-9233 + 30x? — 68x + 15=0 (3x7 + 16x—5)(5x74+4x-3)=0 from factorisation in (ii). x16 VIP=ANTNCS) |, 4k VP =4NSx 3) 6 10 ‘Therefore, x= aes @ : : But since a is acute and x = tan ($) , we can eliminate negative values of x: = 2tan! (32) or 2tan! (232) &33° or SI 14(b) (i) @ marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEII-1, MEII-2 Targeted Performance Bands: E3-E4 Criteria Marks © Provides correct solution 2 «Finds P(x) and P(—x) interms ofa, Bandy i 1 ~ @)(x—B)(x— 7) —x— a)(—x~B)(—¥-7) (x a)(r+ B)x+7) (x~ ar)(x~ B)(x— Y)(e+ a)E+ BIE +N =~? — a)(x2 — B*)(@? — ?) which is a cubic in x? with zeros a, B? and 7°. So Q(x?) = —P(z)P(—x) is a cubic with zeros a, B? and y. Disclaimer Tppimormain carrie conan nord peters ane cing st Rent enstle asto ste Fubar en J CSEA pron seat mars oases a pons ©S8A ToelH8C Exainton tsa, fae puso sw rove ass wh ctr ea ey ct oer ple und rear ay HSC rst resonates oy hs NGM Eesti Scorn, Ka untae erany oes no | ‘Regt apse caro CSSA tal OE Exarnan sarang Sune eltos Wa Spee Wat Het Econ iby goeslon rane Te GSSR toes ‘lat rvedponsbiylar fe assy enmalnensrcaranarl my Mra tis re frie OSS Ts Se Bamaton apes. —14-14(b) Gi) (2 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MEL-1, ME12-1 ‘Targeted Performance Bands: E3-F4 ee __ Criteria [ Marks ‘ Provides correct solution 2 ¢ Correctly expands Q (x2) 1 = (8 +h? + mx+n)(03 — ka? +m) 8 kd +m = nd + hed — xt + kom — kn? me — fond +P? = mew — kn + nx — nr 6 — (3 —2m)x* + (m? — 2k)? — n? So Q(x) = 2° ~ ( —2m)x2 + (m? — 2kn)x—n? 14(c) (i) (2 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MELI-1, MEI1-2 Targeted Performance Bands: F4 Criteria [ Marks * Provides correct solution + 2 # Evaluates Q(x) correctly esetesdite 1 Sample Answer: P(x) = — 3x —x+1 with zeros , B and y. Let Q(z) be a polynomial with zeros a, B? and 7° Using the process in part (b) with k = —3, m= —1, and n = 1 will give: Q(x) =x9 — ((-3)? -2 x -1) x7 + ((-1)? -2 x -3 x 1) x- 1? =P = +Ix-1 Applying this process again, let R(x) be a polynomial with zeros a4, 84 and ‘7’, with the inputs from Q(x) above being k = —11, m= 7, and n = —1 will give: = ((-P = 2.x 7)? + ((7)? 2 x -11 x -1) x— (-1)? 107? 427-1 Disclaimer ‘ha ramotancovaledin tha saunesis tence ler eens anstece for tar al Res acne evo eudel ute ano ie ron 1 So prao spect ra aacones rel poses CSSA Wc enmna eo eher hegurpese a roe ches eta oa ay a" eorex undastaned nd tg meting navman oles a NSH Cozatox ndrs aon. Na guarnn ara Tse einai ‘epee aptstn oso SEA Tal He Exar erg Suelnesralton ary spate’ aM Cartan econ snot TOSSA sues ‘olay or eponatty orbs arc, cones cues el wy Mara Gusses ponder le CSSA Tal HEC Eau pape ~15-14(e) (ii) (1 mark) Outcomes Assessed: MEII-2, MEI1-7 Targeted Performance Bands: E3-E4 [ Criteria Mark ‘ Provides a sufficiently detailed justification capturing most of the solution below | _ 1 Sample Answer: ‘The sum of zeros of R(x) will give a+ —B* ++ = —(—107)/1 = 107. Since |a| > |B|, and |o| > |7|, then of is significantly greater than B* and 7. So, of + Bt + = att, so af = 107 14(©) (iii) (2 marks) Outcomes Assessed: MELI-1, MEI1-2 Targeted Performance Bands: E4 ‘Criteria Marks | ‘ Provides approximation for & AND P(a), and explains what this means 2 + Provides approximation for @ OR P() 1 Sample Answer: From above, 0% 107 = 3-22. Also P (x07) ~ 0-0204,, which means that this is a good approximation for a zero of the polynomial. 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