Republic of the Philippines

Commission on Higher Education

Region IV – A CALABARZON
Municipality of Lipa

KOLEHIYO NG LUNGSOD NG LIPA

Marawoy, Lipa City
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Second Semester, CY 2021-2022

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN PEC 101

I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the learning session, students must be able to
 discuss the factors affecting cognitive development.
 support how biological and environmental factors affect cognitive development.
 create own saying that highlights the importance of biological and environmental factors in child
development.
II. SUBJECT MATTER
A. Topic: Factors Affecting Cognitive Development
B. Web Resources: https://www.slideshare.net/hassyb/materials-development-43271154
C. Learning Resources: Power Point Presentation, laptop, visual aids

III. LEARNING EPISODE

Facilitator’s Activity Learners’ Activity
A. Routine Activities
1. Prayer
Let us pray first. Let us put ourselves in the presence of
God.
(The prayer will be accompanied by
students)
2. Greetings
Good day class! How is your day so far?
Good day, Ma'am. We're fine.
That’s great!

3. Classroom Management
Act like you’re at school. Sit in a position that is most
comfortable for you. Have fun and do your best.
(The students will organize themselves)
4. Checking of Attendance
Class secretary, is there an absentee today?
I am pleased to inform you that there are no
absentees in our class.
I'm glad because everyone is present.

B. Motivation

We will play a game called "Crossword”. Fill out the

crossword puzzle with the correct terms using the given
clues.

Across
2. evoking a strong emotional response
3. involving intellectual activity (such as thinking,
reasoning, or remembering
4. contributes to the production of a result

Down
1. the act, process, of result of developing

Class, are you ready?

Yes Ma’am, we’re ready.

(Students will answer the words AFFECTING,
COGNITIVE, FACTORS, and DEVELOPMENT)
Every word in our game is related to today's topic. (answers may vary)

What do you think our lesson for today based on those

words?

I believe our topic is Factors Affecting Cognitive

Development.
You are right, Mr./ Ms. _____. (answers may vary)
Our topic for today is Factors Affecting Cognitive
Development.

C. ACTIVITY
In this "Group-It!" activity, determine whether the
words on the word wall are biological or environmental
factors in child development using a table.
I will give you three (3) minutes to finish the task.

Are my instructions clear?

You may now start the activity. Timer starts now.

Yes ma’am.

(The students will start doing the activity.)

D. ANALYSIS
What are the words you classified as biological factors?

The words I classified as biological factors are Sense

organs, Intelligence, Heredity and Maturation.
(answers may vary)
Very good! These are the biological factors. Let us now
go through them one by one.

There are so many factors affecting cognitive

development of children.
1. Biological factor
(a) Sense organs
Sense organs are important because they receive stimuli
from the environment.
What are the five (5) human senses, and how do they
affect children's cognitive development?
Ma’am, seeing, hearing, touching, tasting and
smelling. These senses enable children to engage
with the world in ways that promote their growth and
development.
(answers may vary)
Precisely. That’s why sensory activities are provided to
help young brains process and respond to sensory
information more effectively.

(b) Intelligence
Children with low Intelligence Quotient are not able to
receive stimuli from the environment properly, thus
their cognitive development lags behind.
Who can provide a specific example to further explain
this concept?

As an example, consider a six-year-old boy whose

IQ is that of a four-year-old. I believe he is late
developed because it is difficult for him to
understand and do things appropriate for his age.
You’re right! It is said that a child's intelligence has a (answers may vary)
significant impact on his or her cognitive development.
Children with low IQs struggle to reach their full
cognitive potential.

(c) Heredity
Cognitive development is also influenced by the
hereditary traits one gets from his parents.
Do you have any cognitive development that is similar
to your parents'? What exactly are they?

Ma'am, yes. I believe it is how I see things in a

positive and meaningful way.
That's great that you inherited positive traits and a (answers may vary)
positive outlook in life.

(d) Maturation
As the child gets matured he gets more interactive with
his environment.
Do you agree?

Yes, Ma’am. As I get older and more mature, I

become more aware of and interested in the world
around me.
Great to know that you're growing in a favorable (answers may vary)
manner.

What are the words you classified as environmental

factors?
The words I classified as environmental factors are
Learning opportunities, Economic status, Play,
Various types of stimuli, and Family and society.
(answers may vary)
Very good, Mr./Ms. ______________.
2. Environmental factors
How does a child's environment impact their
development?
By providing a child with love, emotional support,
and opportunities for learning and exploration, an
enriching and stimulating home environment
 promotes healthy growth and brain development.
(answers may vary)

Very well said. Truly, the importance of the

environment on child development cannot be
overstated, and this includes the physical environment
in which they are raised.

(а) Learning opportunities

The opportunity a child gets to learn affects the
cognitive development.

(b) Economic status

Economic state of the family also helps in the
development of cognition.

(c) Play
Play is also quite important in developing cognition.
Through play activities, the child interacts with the
environment, receives stimuli and responds to them.

(d) Various types of stimuli

As child grows, he gets various stimuli from
environment through his senses and perceives their
meanings. These stimuli form concepts and symbols.

(e) Family and society

Family is important from the point of view of providing
the child hereditary traits.

How does your family and society influence your

cognitive development as a person? Growing up, I observed everything from behaviors to
relationship dynamics and internalized these
observations as examples of how to behave.
(answers may vary)

Nice answer. Family is arguably the most important

contributor to a child's development. Positivity and love
in the family can help the child grow up to be positive
and loving to others.
Again, what are the main factors affecting cognitive
development? Biological factors and environmental factors.
(answers may vary)

Very good. Indeed, biological and environmental

factors play an important role in ensuring that the child
develops to their full potential.

Is everything clear? Yes, Ma’am.

E. ABSTRACTION
Determine whether the image falls under biological
factors or environmental factors.

Environmental factor, Ma’am.

Correct. It depicts the differences in learning

opportunities and economic status between two
students, which may have an impact on cognitive
development.

Environmental factor, Ma’am.

That's correct. They learn new processes and gain

knowledge by playing.

Biological factor

You're right. It is a representation of hereditary.

Biological factor

Correct. These are examples of cognitive development

through the use of the sense organs.

Environmental factor, Ma’am.

You are correct! It depicts a family providing learning

opportunities for their children.

F. APPLICATION
In your notebook, create your own saying that
highlights the importance of biological and
environmental factors in child development.
(The students will start doing the activity.)
I will give you 5 minutes to finish the activity.

G. EVALUATION
TRUE/FALSE
Directions: Read each statement below carefully. If you
think a statement is TRUE, write a T. Write an F if you Students Answer
think the statement is FALSE.

1. The two main factors influencing children's

cognitive development are biological and 1. T
environmental factors.

2. Children with low Intelligence Quotient are said

to be unable to properly receive stimuli from
2. T
their environment, resulting in a delay in
cognitive development.

3. As the child grows older, he becomes more 3. T

engaged with his environment.

4. Play has no role in cognitive development

because it prevents children from interacting 4. F
with their surroundings.

5. As a child grows, he receives various stimuli

5. T
from his environment via his senses and
interprets their meanings.
 Correction Key
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. T

Let’s check. Who got 5? 4? 3? 2? 1? 0?

INDEX OF MASTERY

________________

H. VALUING
I'd like to leave you with this quote as our treasure of
the day

What a child experiences as a child will follow them

Who wants to share their thoughts on this quotation? into adulthood, so it is critical to understand the
proper patterns of teaching and behaving in front of
them.

Nice thought Mr./Ms.______. A child's cognitive

development is greatly influenced by his family's
upbringing. Children learn more from the actions they
see than from what people around them preach. Thus,
we must take extra care in what we do and how we
behave in front of them.
ASSIGNMENT
Create an infographic that demonstrates the factors that can affect cognitive development.
Take a picture of it and post it to your Facebook Messenger group chat in this subject as well as my Facebook
Messenger account, Nherie Glee Lorente.