fs Transport Mechanisms What | Need to Know Learning Competencies: Describe the structural components of the cell membrane (STEM_B1011/12-Ig-h-11) 2. Relate the structure and compasition ol the eel! mambrane to its function STEM_81011/92-Ig-h-12} jams in calls (diffu: t) (STEM_BIOT1 3. Explain iransport mech transport, active transp ed 4. Differentiate exoryt nd endee «Performance Standards: The arners should be able to construc: membrane model fron indigenou or recyclable materiats. © Introduction: With the pandemic today in the Philippines, you can just imagine our gayan de OroSs front liners and law enforcers at the check points city ar securil membranes (cel vambranes) which have a lot ol things tp do such as at the mall entrances (Fig. 7a) as plasma permitting who8il enter the establishment (represents the cell) or not and even exiting is checked 2s. well @ motorcycle towards a particular cordoned area which depicts different nS af ways on how materials are transported in and aut of the cel nus the transport mechanisms arrying goods int a In In celular biology. membrane transport refers 1a the collectios mechanisms thal regulate the passage ol solutes such a6 ions and molecules through biological membranes, which are lipid bilayers contain proteins embedded in them. 3K oF individuals onPlasma membrane (Cell Membrane) plays a vital rola in the transport mechanisms and Separates the living cell from its surroundings. To perform these roles, it needs lipids, which make a Semi-permeable bartier betwean the cell and ils environment. it also needs proteins. which are involved in crass-membrane transport and cell communication, and carbohydrates sugars and suger chaing), which decorate both the proteins and lipids and help cells recognize each ather. Even inva mall the people and objects move fram one ned within pertain boundaries, Analage the caf and anrnes tie 2h. a 6.1 Structural Components of the Cell Membrane t) a What I Know 1. Which plasma membrane component can be either found'on its suriace ot embedded in the membrane structure? protein chdlesteral carbohydrate phos phatipid peop 2. What is the primary function of carbohydrates attached to the exterior af cell membranes? @ identification ol the call b. flexibility of the membrane ©. strengthening the membrane d. channels through membrane3. Which characteristic ol a phosphotipid contributes to the fluidity of the membrane? @ its head b. cholesterol: © a saturated latly acid tail id. double bonds in the fatty acid tail 4. Which interacts to hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments? @ protein b. chotesterat ©. phospholipia d. carbohydrate 5. Carbohyciates is found outside the surlace of the cell and bounded with? @ lipid or protein b. phosphotipia ©. glycoprotein id. glycolipic Provide the description of each structural camponenis of the cell membrane COMPONENT LOCATION FEATURE/FUNCTION ‘©tha most abundant lipid Phospholipids Main fabric of the membrane, (nid sect din 7 Dampen effects of Cholesterol ieapetaairs ‘Embedded in the phospholipid Integral Proteins bilayer. may or may not.extend Ps through both layers: ‘On the inner ar outer surface of the phospholipid bilayer, but nat 9. embedded in ils hydrophobic sore ‘© Gail recognition Carbohydrate 10,, © Effective interaction with Chains the acqueous: environment& What's In + REVIEW: The Structural Components of the Cell Membrane The modem understanding of the cellular or plasma membrane ig reterred to ‘a8 the fluid mosaic model of livid mogaies of lipids and proteins. | is composed of a bilayer of phospholipids, with their hydrophobic, fatly acid tails in contact with each ‘other [Fig. 7.0). The landscape of the membrane is studded with proteins, same at which span the membrane. Some of these proteins serve to iransport materials into ‘of oul of the cell. Carbonydrates ae attached to some ol the proleins and lipids on the oulward-lacing surface of ihe membrane (Fig. 7-b.}, forming complexes: which function is to identity the cell to other cells. Gell membranes enclose and deline the borders of cells, but rather than being static bag. they are dynamic and constantly in flux. Fig. 7.b, Stucturet Component of Celtuler Membrane membrane was made up of a prosnhold bilayer senceched betwen twa protain layers Davson-Danielli Model (1935)and G. Nicolson proposed that the membrane is a mosaic of proteins: Fig. Zt in 1972.3. m exposed to water isparsed wit layer, with only the hydeophilie regi The Fluidity of the membrane is due 1o temperature, the configuration af the unsaturated faity acid tails (some kinked or form a sharp twist by double bonds}, the presence ol cholesterol embedded in the mambrane, and the mosaic nature of the proteins and protein-carbohycrate combinations, which are not firmly fixed in place. Key Takes a! the Fluid Nature of the CM + Phospholipids in the plasma membrane can mave within the bilayer (Fig. 7.2) + Most of the lipids, and some proteins, drift laterally + Rarely does a molecule flip-top transversely across the membrane Fo 7.+ As temperatures cool, membranes switch from a fluid slate to a solid state, +The temperature st which 3 membrane solidifies depends on the types of lipids, -Membranes rich in unsaturated fatty acids are more fluid than thage rich in salurated fally acids. (Fig. 7-1.) - Membranes must be fluid to wark properly: they are usually about as fluid as salad Git, Fig. 7.f, The type of hydrocarbon talls in phospholpids 2 Affects the fuldity of the call membrane {b) Cholesterol within the animal cell membrane + The steroid cholesterol nas cifferent effects on membrane fuisity st different temperatures, + At warm temperalures (such as 37°C), cholesteral restrains movement af Phospholipids. + At cool temperatures, it maintains fluidity by preventing tight packing.Structural Component of the Gel Membrang (Plasma Membrane) COMPONENT LOCATION FEATURE/FUNCTION Phospholipids Main faboe of the membrane ‘Tucked between the hydrophobic Cholesterot {ails of the membrane phospholiics Dampen effects of temperature Embedded in the phospholipid ; ; Integral Proteins bilayer: may ormay not exiend —Transeort ot substance through bath layers, RADY CSRS On the miner or outer surface.ot Peripheral the phospholipid bilayer, but not ; Praleins embedded in is hydrophobic Gell reccinition core ‘Ailached lo preieine or pide on» Gall recagaition Carbohydrate the extracellular side of the ‘+ Effective interaction with, Chains membrane (forming the acqueous: glycoproteins and glycolipids. environment Terminology: Amphiphiic or Amphipathic * molecule possessing a polar or charged area and a nonpolar or uncharged area capable o! interacting with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments Fluid mosaic model “describes ihe structure of the plasma membrane as a mosaic ol components inciuding phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, glycoproteins, and glycolipids (sugar chains alfached to proteins or lipids. respectively), resulting in 2 {lid character (lluicity) Glycolipid * combination of carbohydrates and lipids Glycoprotein * combination of carbohydrates and proteins Hydrophilic ‘* molecule with the ability to bond with water; Swater-lovingd Hydrophobic # molecute that does not have the ability to bond with water: Swater-hatingSIntegral peotein * prolain integrated inlo the membrane structure that interacts extensively with the hydrocarbon chains of membrane lipids and often spans the membrane; these proteins can be removed only by the dissupton of the membrane by detergents. Peripheral protein *prolgin found al the surface of a plasma membrane sither on its exterior or interior side: these proteins can be removed (washed olf of the membrane) by & high-salt wash & What's New a + Visual and Listening Activity: 1. A video link is provided ; 5Fluid mosaic model of cell membranes6 | Biology | by Khan Academy (2075), hitps:/youtu.baicPeiQus7dQo 2. Watch and Listen carstully to the video and be able to recognize and relate to each attributes of the structural components of the membrane. 3. Reliect on your lile experiences and relate them to the lessen in the video sa that you will be able 10 write a story analogous to the structural components of the cell membrane. 4. Write the story neatly ona long bond paper What Is It + OBA Activity: 1. What happens to the plasma membrane if the weather gets cold? 2 Are there siructural components involved in the membrane thal are alfected irom the rise and (all af the temperature? Whal are those structures? 3. What does Fig. 7.4 imply regarding the fatty acid or hydrocarbon tails shape when compared and contrasted in relation with transport mechanism? Explain your answer. (Write your answers on 2 3 crosswise intermediate paper.) at