IS 15362:2003

1s0 14139:2000

ihdPwRTqa
Wllditi mTF-_w_VRPX
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hciian Standard
HYDROMETRIC DETERMINATIONS—
FLOW MEASUREMENTS IN OPEN CHANNELS
USING STRUCTURES—COMPOUND GAUGING
STRUCTURES

ICS 01.040.17; 17.120.20

@ BIS 2003
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

August 2003 Price Group 13

Fluid Flow Measurement Sectional Committee, WRD 01

NATIONAL FOREWORD

This Indian Standard which is identical with ISO 14139 :2000 ‘Hydrometric determinations — Flow
measurements in open channels using structures— Compound gauging structures’ issued by the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on
the recommendations of the Fluid Flow Measurement Sectional Committee and approval of the Water
Resources Division Council.

In the adopted standard, certain conventions are, however, not identical to those used in Indian Standards.
Attention is especially drawn to the following:

a) Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ appear referring to this standard, they should
be read as ‘Indian Standard’.

b) Comma (,) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards, the current practice
is to use a point (.) as the decimal marker.

CROSS REFERENCES

In this adopted standard, the following International Standards have been referred. Read in their respective
places, the following Indian Standards:

International Standard Corresponding Indian Standard Degree of

Equivalence
ISO 772 : 1996 Hydrometric IS 1191 :2003 Hydrometric determina- Technically
determinations —Vocabularyand tions — Vocabulary and symbols (second equivalent
symbols revision) (Over 95%
identical with
ISO 772:1996
‘Hydrometric
determinations—
Vocabulary and
symbols’)

ISO 1438-1 : 1980 Water flow IS 9108:1979 Liquid flow measurement in Technically
measurement in open channels open channels using thin plate weirs equivalent
using weirs and Venturi flumes—
Part 1 : Thin-plate weirs

ISO 3846 : 1989 Liquid flow IS 14974:2001 Liquid flow measurement in Identical
measurement in open channels open channels by weirs and flumes—
by weirs and flumes— Rectangular broad-crested weirs
Rectangular broad-crested weirs

ISO 4359 : 1983 Liquid flow IS 14869:2000 Liquid flow measurement in do

measurement in open channels — open channels — Rectangular, trapezoidal
Rectangular, trapezoidal and U- and U-shaped flumes
shaped flumes

ISO 4360 : 1984 Liquid flow IS 14673:1999 Liquid flow measurement in Technically
measurement in open channels open channels by weirs and flumes— equivalent
by weirs and flumes-Triangular Triangular profile weirs
profile weirs

(Confinued on third cover)

 IS 15362:2003
ISO 14139:2000

Indian Standard
HYDROMETRIC DETERMINATIONS—
FLOW MEASUREMENTS IN OPEN CHANNELS
USING STRUCTURES—COMPOUND GAUGING
STRUCTURES

1 Scope

This International Standard specifies the methods of measurement of flow in rivers and artificial channels, using
any combination of standard weirs and/or flumes in a compound structure. For guidance on the selection of weirs
and/ar flumes, refer to ISO 8368. All structures can be operated in the modular flow range, but only a limited
number of structures can be used in the drowned (non-modular) flow range (see clause 4). Compound weirs
improve the quality of discharge measurements at low stages.

The characteristics of velocity distribution are described annex A.

Structures standardized for operation in the drowned (non-modular) flow range and the method of computation of
flow are described in annex B.

Methods and examples of flow measurement calculations are given in annex C.

Compound flow-measuring structures without divide piers need in situ or model calibrations and are not covered by
this International Standard.

2 Normative references

The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.

ISO 772:1996, Hydrometric determinations — Vocabulary and symbols.

ISO 1438-1:1980, Water flow measurement in open channels using weirs and Venturi flumes — Parl 1: Thin-plate
weirs.

ISO 3846:1989, Liquid flow measurement in open channels by weirs and flumes — Rectangular broad-crested
weirs.

ISO 4359:1983, Liquid flow measurement in open channels — Rectangular, trapezoidal and U-shaped flumes.

ISO 4360:1984, Liquid flow measurement in open channels by weirs and flumes — Triangular profile weirs.

ISO 4362:1999, Hydrometric determinations — Flow measurement in open channels using structures —
Trapezoidal broad-crested weirs.

ISO 4374:1990, Liquid flo w measurement in open channels — Round-nose horizontal broad-crested weirs.

ISO 4377:1990, Liquid flow measurement in open channels — Flat-V weirs.

IS 15362:2003
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iSO/TR 5168:1998, Measurement of f/uid f/ow — Evacuation of uncertainties.

ISO 8333:1985, Liquid flow measurement in open channels by weirs and flumes — V-shaped broad-crested weirs.

ISO 8368:1999, Hydrometric determinations — Flow measurements in open channels using structures —
Guidelines for selection of structure.

ISO 9826:1992, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels — Parshall and SAN1/Rl flumes.

ISO 9827:1994, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels by weirs and flumes — Streamlined triangular profile
weirs.

3 Terms, definitions and symbols

For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 772 apply. A full list of
symbols with the corresponding units of measurement is given below.

Symbol Units of
measurement
A area of cross-section of flow m2

b crest width m
B width of approach channel m
co coefficient of discharge non-dimensional

cdr drowned-flow reduction factor non-dimensional

c“ coefficient of approach velocity non-dimensional

e uncertainty in absolute magnitude non-dimensional

g acceleration due to gravity m/s2

h gauged head m

H total head m

crest-tapping pressure head m

hP
hv velocity approach head m

L length of flume throat or weir crest in direction of flow m

n number of measurements in a set non-dimensional

P height of flume invert or weir crest above mean bed level m

total discharge m3/s

Q
individual section discharges (in general QJ m3/.5
QI, QZ Q3
total modular discharge m3/S
Qmoci
discharge per unit width m3/s
9

SY
standard deviation of a set of measurements of quantity y m
Sy estimated standard deviation of the mean of several readings m
of quantity y

F mean velocity at cross-section mfs

Fa mean velocity in approach channel mls

XQ percentage uncertainty in total discharge non-dimensional

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‘Q;l J ‘Q,2~ ‘Q,3 ‘) percentage uncertainty in individual section discharges non-dimensional

x,” percentage uncertainty in estimating upstream water levels or non-dimensional

upstream total head levels

Xtd percentage uncertainty in estimating downstream water non-dimensional

levels or downstream total head levels

x> percentage uncertainty in quantity y non-dimensional

a Coriolis energy coefficient non-dimensional

A difference in weir-crest levels m

6 boundary layer displacement thickness m

Suffixes
1 denotes upstream value
2 denotes downstream value

Superscripts
G refers to gauging section

T refers to crest-tapping section

s refers to any other section

4 Characteristics of compound gauging structures

A compound gauging structure as covered by this International Standard comprises two or more individual
structures, operated in parallel and separated by divide piers.

The individual structures, which can be used in a compound gauging weir, are specified in ISO l\438-1, ISO 3846,
ISO 4359, ISO 4360, ISO 4362, ISO 4374, ISO 4377, ISO 8333, ISO 9826 and ISO 9827. The strictures described
in ISO 4360, ISO 4362, ISO 4377, ISO 8333, ISO 9826 and ISO 9827 may be used in the drowned flow range (see
annex B.1).

In the modular flow range, discharges depend solely on upstream water levels, and a single measurement of
upstream head is required. In the drewned flow range, discharges depend on both upstream and downstream
water levels, and two independent head measurements are required. These are:

a) the upstream head; and either

b) the head measured in the crest-tapping for a triangular profile weir (two dimensional or flat-V forms);

c) the head measured within the throat of a Parshall flume; or

d) the head measured in the tailwater for the other structures.

1) In cases where the subscript of a symbol also contains a subscript, it is house style to write the second subscript on the
same line, after a comma.

Thus XQ is written XQ,l.

IS 15362:2003
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The flow conditions considered are limited to steady or slowly changing flows. The essentially parallel flow through
the compound structure is ensured by the use of divide piers. The flow is separated by the divide piers into each
individual weir or flume. The discharge can be determined through each individual section by a single upstream
head measurement, at one section only, in the case of modular flow or by two independent head measurements, at
one section only, as required for drowned flow conditions. The summation of the discharges through each of the
sections provides the measurement of total flow within the channel.

5 Installation

5.1 -Selection of site

A preliminary survey shall be made of the physical and hydraulic features of the proposed site to check that it
conforms (or may be made to conform) to the requirements necessary for measurement using the weir.

Particular attention shall be paid to the following features in selecting the site of the wei~

a) the availability of an adequate length of channel of regular cross-section;

b) the existing velocity distribution;

c) the avoidance of channels having gradients greater than 0,4 O/.;

d) the effects of any increased upstream water level due to the flow-measuring structure;

e) the conditions downstream, including such influences as tides, confluence with other streams, sluice-gates, mill
dams and other controlling features that mightcause drowning;

f) the impermeability of the ground on which the structure is to be founded, and the necessity for piling, grouting
or other sealing in river installations;

g) the necessity for flood banks to confine the maximum discharge to the channel;

h) the stability of the banks, and the necessity for trimming and/or revetment in natural channels;

i) the clearance of rocks or boulders from the bed of the approach channel;

j) the effects of wind.

NOTE 1 Wind can have a considerable effect on the flow in a river or over a weir, especially if these latter are wide and the
head is small and the prevailing wind is in a transverse direction.

If the site does not possess the characteristics required for satisfactory measurements, it shall be rejected unless
suitable improvements are practicable.

If a survey of a stream shows that the existing velocity distributionis regular, then it should be assumed that the
velocity distributionwill remain satisfactory after the weir has been built.

If the existing velocity distribution is irregular and no other site for a gauge is feasible, due consideration shall be
given to checking the distribution after the weir has been installed and to improving it, if necessary.

NOTE 2 Several methods are available for obtaining more precise indications of irregular velocity distribution: velocity rods,
floats or concentrations of dye can be used in small channels, the latter being useful in checking conditions at the bottom of the
channel. A complete and quantitative assessment of velocity distribution may be made by means of a current meter.

NOTE 3 After installation, the velocity profiles will always be improved by the increased depth of water approaching the
compound weir.

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5.2 Installation conditions

5.2.1 General

The complete measuring installation consists of an approach channel, a flow-measuring structure and a
downstream channel. The parameters of each of these three components affect the overall accuracy of the
measurements.

Installation requirements include such features as weir finish, the cross-sectional shape of the channel, channel
roughness and the influence of control devices upstream or downstream of the gauging structure.

The distribution and direction of velocity have an important influence on the performance of a weir, these factors
being determined by the features mentioned in this subclause.

5.2.2 Approach channel

For all installations, the flow in the approach channel shall be smooth, free from disturbance and shall have a
velocity distribution as normal as possible over the cross-sectional area (see annex A); this can usually be verified
by inspection or measurement. In the case of natural streams or rivers, this flow can only be attained by having a
long, straight approach channel free from projections into the flow. Unless otherwise specified in the appropriate
clauses of this International Standard, the approach channel shall comply with the general requirements outlined in
this subclause.

The altered flow conditions due to the construction of the weir may have the effect of building up shoals of debris
upstream of the structure, which in time may affect the flow conditions. The likely consequential changes in the
water level should be taken into account in the design of gauging stations.

In an artificial channel, the cross-section shall be uniform and the channel shall be straight for?. length equal to at
least five times its width, and more if attainable.

In a natural stream or river, the cross-section shall be reasonably uniform and the channel shall be straight for such
a length as to ensure regular velocity distribution.

If the entry to the approach channel is through a bend or if the flow is discharged into the channel through a conduit
of smaller cross-section or at an angle, then a longer length of straight approach channel is required to achieve a
regular velocity distribution.

Baffles shall not be installed closer to the points of measurement than five times the maximum head to be
measured.

Under certain conditions, a standing wave may occur upstream of the gauging device, for example if the approach
channel is steep. Provided this wave is at a distance of no less than 30 times the maximum head umtream, flow
measurement is feasible, subject to confirmation that a regular velocity distribution exists at the gauging station.

If a standing wave occurs within this distance, the approach conditions and/or gauging device shall be modified.

Means of ensuring that the baffles are at all times free of debris both on and below the water surface should be
provided.

5.2.3 Flow-measuring structure

The structure shall be rigid, watertight and capable of withstanding flow conditions without distortion or fracture. It
shall be at right angles to the direction of flow and shall have the dimensions specified in the relevant International
Standard(s) for the type of flow-measuring structure(s) chosen.

For the purposes of this International Standard, a compound flow-measuring structure consists of a series of
individual weirs or flumes, which are disposed across the width of an open channel. The individual sections of the

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compound structure shall be separated by divide piers such that each section can be treated as a simple wek or
flume, thus minimizingthree-dimensional flow conditions. The computation of discharge far individual sections can
therefore be based on established discharge equations (see the references in annex B).

The divide piers that separate individual sections of the compound structure shall be at least 0,3 m thick to avoid
sharp curvatures at their upstream noses (cutwaters), which can be semi-circular or semi-elliptical.

To minimize cross flows at the cutwaters of the divide piers and subsequent flow separation, the difference in levels
between adjacent crests (weirs) or inverts (flumes) shall not exceed 0,5 m.

NOTE 1 Flow conditions at and near the cutwaters of the divide piers will be improved if the upstream bed levels bear a
similar relationship to crest or invert levels at each individual section of the compound structure (see Figure 6.1). This minimizes
the variations in velocity across the width of the approach channel.

The compound flow-measuring structure shall be capable of withstanding flood flow conditions without damage
from outflanking or from downstream erosion. The structure and the immediate approach channel can be
constructed of concrete with a smooth cement finish or surfaced with a smooth non-corrodible material.

NOTE 2 In Iaboratoiy installations, the finish should be equivalent to rolled sheet metal or-planed, sanded and painted
timber.

‘he surface finish is particularly important near the crest or throat invert, but can be relaxed a distance along the
~rofile of 0,5 Hmu upstream and downstream of the crest or throat. Details of tolerances for the finish and
Nignment of individual weirs or flumes are given in the appropriate International Standard.

A typical design for a compound flow-measuring structure is shown in Figure B. 1,

NOTE 3 The lengths of the divide piers are not crucial but they should extend preferable from the upstream recording section
to the downstream limit of individual weirs or flumes.

The height of”the divide piers should normally be the same as that of the vertical side walls. If less, then errors will arise in the
computation of discharge when water levels exceed the height of the divide piers. These errors will depend on the dimensions of
the compound structure and the actual height of the divide piers.

5.2.4 Downstream conditions

Conditions downstream of the structure are important in that they control the tailwater level. This kwel is one of the
factors that determine whether modular or drowned flow conditions will occur at the weir. It is essential, therefore,
to calculate or observe stage-discharge relations covering the full discharge range, and to make decisions
regarding the type of weir and its required geometry in the light of this evidence.

When making these calculations or observations particular care shall be taken to ensure that influences that may
be periodic or seasonal such as tides shall be taken into account.

NOTE Confluences with other streams, sluice-gates, mill dams and other features such as weed growth may also influence
tailwater levels.

If the downstream channel is erodible, the extent of protective works necessary to dissipate the additional energy
generated by the raised water level upstream of the structure shall be taken into account in the assessment of the
site.

6 Maintenance

Maintenance of the flow-measuring structure and the approach channel is important to ensure accurate continuous
measurements.

It is essential that the approach channel to weirs be kept clean and free from silt and vegetation as far as
practicable, and for at least the distance specified in 5.2.2. The stilling well and the entry from the approach
channel shall also be kept clean and free from deposits.

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The weir structure shall be kept clean and free from clinging debris and care shall be taken in the process of
cleaning to avoid damage to the crest.

NOTE The presence of divide piers between weir sections will inevitably increase maintenance requirements for the
structure, particularly if floating debris is prevalent.

7 Measurement of head

7.1 General

The head upstream of the flow-measuring structure maybe measured by a hook-gauge, point-gauge or staff-gauge
where spot measurements are required, or by a recording-gauge where a continuous record is required; in many
cases it is necessary to measure head in a separate stilling well, in particular to measure the crest-tapping head.
Stilling wells also eliminate surface turbulence which is necessary for tailwater head measurement.

The discharges given by the working equation in the appropriate standard for the particular structure are volumetric
figures, and the liquid density does not affect the volumetric discharge for a given head provided that the operative
head is gauged in liquid of identical density. If the gauging is carried out in a separate well, a correction for the
difference in density maybe necessary if the temperature in the well is significantly different from that of the flowing
liquid. However, it is assumed in this International Standard that the densities are equal.

7.2 Stilling well

It is usual to measure the upstream head in a stilling well to reduce the effects of water surface irregularities.

NOTE 1 When this is done, it is also desirable to measure the head in the approach channel periodically.

Where the structure is designed to operate in the drowned flow range a gauge well is required to measure the
downstream head as follows:

— for triangular profile weirs the piezometric head developed within the separation pocket immediately
downstream of the crest;

— for the other weirs the downstream water level in the downstream channel section according to the appropriate
standard.

The gauge well shall be vertical and of sufficient height and depth to cover the full range of water levels and shall
have a minimum height of 0,6 m above the maximum water level expected. The gauge well shall be connected to
the appropriate head measurement position by means of a pipe or a slot.

Both the well and the connecting pipe shall be watertight and, where the well is provided for the accommodation of
the float of a level recorder, it shall be of adequate size and depth to give clearance around and beneath the float at
all stages. The float shall be no nearer than 0,075 m to the wall of the well.

The pipe shall have its invert no less than 0,06 m below the lowest level to be gauged.

The pipe connection to the upstream head measurement position shall terminate flush with the boundary of the
approach channel and preferably at right angles thereto. The approach channel boundary shall be plain and
smooth (equivalent to carefully finished concrete) within a distance of 10 times the diameter of the pipe from the
centreline of the connection. A pipe that is oblique to the wall is acceptable only if it is fitted with a removable cap or
plate, and set flush with the wall, through which a number of holes are drilled. The edges of these holes shall not
be rounded or burred.

Where the individual section of the compound structure is a -two-dimensional triangular profile weir the pipe
connection to the head measurement position for the separation pocket head shall be as given in ISO 4360.

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Where the individual section of the compound structure is a flat-V weir, the pipe connection to the head
measurement position for the separation pocket head shall be as given in ISO 4377.

Adequate additional depth shall be provided in the well to avoid the danger of floats grounding either on the bottom
or on any accumulation of silt or debris.

The diameter of the connecting pipe or width of slot shall be sufficient to permit the water level in the well to follow
the rise and fall of head without appreciable delay, but shall be as small as possible, consistent with ease of
maintenance, to damp out oscillations due to short period waves.

NOTE 2 No firm rule can be laid down for determining the size of the connecting pipe, because this is dependent on the
circumstances of the particular installation, for example whether the site is exposed and thus subject to waves and whether a
large diameter well is required to house the floats of recorders.

It is preferable to make the connection too large rather than too small, because a restriction can easily be added later if short
period waves are not adequately damped out. A 100 mm diameter pipe is usually suitable for a flow measurement in the field,
as compared with the 3 mm diameter pipe that is appropriate for precision head measurement with steady flows in the
laboratory.

7.3 Zero setting

Accurate initial setting of the zeros of the head measuring devices with reference to the level of the crest, or invert,
and regular checking of these settingsthereafter, is essential if overall accuracy is to be attained.

A means of checking the zero setting of the head-measuring devices shall be provided, consisting of a datum
related to the level of the weir.

A zero check based on the level of the water when the flow ceases is liable to serious errors from surface tension
effects and shall not be used.
.,
NOTE As the size of the weir and the head on it reduces, small errors in constructionmd in the zero setting and reading of
the head-measuring device become of greater importance.

7.4 Location of head measurement section(s)

The upstream head shall be measured at any one of the individual sections of the compound structure but
preferably at the section with the lowest crest or invert. The tapping shall be in the vertical side wall if the individual
section is adjacent to the bank, or in the divide pier if the individual section is mid-stream. In this latter case the
divide piers shall extend at least Hm= upstream of the head measurement position.

The distance of the measurement section from crest or invert is usually expressed as a multiple of the maximum
total head with a value appropriate to the individual section of three to four. For precise locations for each type of
structure, see the appropriate International Standard.

The presence of divide piers is not considered to have a significant influence, and the position of the head
measurement section need only satisfy the requirements noted in this subclause.

If a triangular profile or flat-V weir is used as one of the individual sections of the compound structure, and it is
designed to operate in the non-modular (drowned) flow range, then a separate crest.tapping and associated gauge
well shall be provided (see ISO 4360 and ISO 4377).

8 Computation of discharge

8.1 Modular flow conditions

Modular flow calibrations are based on measurements of upstream water levels. Where a single (non-compound)
structure is used, the recorded water level is used directly in the computation of discharge. However, it is not
usually economical to measure water levels upstream of each individual section of a compound weir, and hence it

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is necessary to make assumptions about the relationships between flow conditions at the various sections when
calculating the total flow.

Research has shown that the total head level can be assumed constant over the full width of a compound flow-
measuring structure and that it can be obtained by adding to the observed water level the velocity head appropriate
to the individual section at which the water level is observed. Thus the basis of the method of computing the total
discharge over a compound structure is to calculate the total head level at the individual section at which the water
level is measured, as if it were a simple non-compound structure, and to use the same value of total head level to
calculate individual discharges at other sections. Successive approximation or coefficient of velocity techniques are
applied at the section of the structure where the water level is recorded to convert gauged to total heads. Discharge
equations in terms of total heads are used at other sections of the compound structure and no conversions are
required. An example calculation is given in annex C.

8.2 Non-modular (drowned) flow conditions

When a compound structure is designed to operate in the non-modular flow range, a triangular profile or flat-V weir
with a crest tapping shall be used in those sections of the compound weir that are likely to drown. For trapezoidal
profile weirs, Parshall flumes, streamlined triangular weirs and V-shaDed broad-crested weirs, only one gauge well
is required in the downstream channel.

Upstream total heads are determined as for the modular flow case but discharges at those individual sections of
the compound structure that are drowned are obtained by considering both the upstream total head and the crest-
tapping pressure or downstream water level. An example calculation is given in annex C.

9 Errors in flow measurement

9.1 General

The total uncertainty of any flow measurement can be estimated if the uncertainties from various sources are
combined. The assessment of these contributions to the total uncertainty will indicate whether the rate of flow can
be measured with sufficient accuracy for the intended purpose. This clause is intended to provide sufficient
information for the user of this International Standard to estimate the uncertainties of .measurements of discharges.

The error is the difference between the true rate off low and that calculated in accordance with the equations in the
appropriate standard for the particular structure used for calibrating the flow-measuring stcucture (which is assumed
to be constructed and installed in accordance with this International Standard). The term ‘uncertainty’ is used here
to denote the deviation from the true rate of flow within which the measured flow is expected to lie some 19 times
out of 20 (with 95 % confidence limits).

9.2 Sources of error

The sources of error in the discharge measurement for each individual section of the compound structure are as
-given in the errors sections of the International Standards relating to the appropriate type of structure (see B. I).
Additional errors arise due to the method used for estimating water levels or total head levels at individual sections,
when (as is usual) these are not measured separately at each section. Available evidence is limited, but it suggests
that the percentage uncertainty in discharge, Xtu, associated with transposing upstream water levels or total head
levels is random, with a magnitude within the range of ~ 5%. In particular cases, more reliable estimates can be
made of this value by making field or laboratory observations. For cases involving drowned flow, little information is
available about the possible value of Xtd the additional uncertainty in discharge associated with transposing
downstream water levels or total head levels, which is likely to be of the order of * 10%.

9.3 Kinds of error

9.3.1 Errors can be classified as random or systematic, the former affecting the reproducibility (precision) of
measurement and the latter affecting its true accuracy.

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9.3.2 The standard deviation of a set of n measurements of a quantity, y, under steady conditions can be
estimated from the equation:

1/2

,,

=
[1
~(Y1-02
1
n–1

where ~ is the arithmeticmean of the n measurements.

(1)

The standard deviation of the mean is then given by the equation:

(2)

and the uncertainty of the mean is 2s7 (for 95 0/0 probability)2). This uncertainty is the contribution of the
observation of y to the total uncertainty.

9.3.3 A measurement can also be subject to systematic erro~ the mean of very many measured values would
thus still differ from the true value of the quantity being measured. An error in setting the zero of a water level
gauge to inverl level, for example, produces a systematic difference between the true mean measured head and
the actual value. As repetition of the measurement does not eliminate systematic errors, the actual value can only
be determined by an independent measurement known to be more accurate.

9.4 Errors in coefficient values and errors in measurement

These errors are dealt with in the error clauses of the appropriate International Standards relating to the individual
sections of the compound flow-measuring structure (see B. 1).

9.5 Combinations of uncertainties to give overall uncertainty in total discharge

9.5.1 For the section at which the upstream water level is measured, the percentage uncertainty XQ ,3) in the
section flow Q, is calculated by reference to the International Standard appropriate to that type of weir or flume
(see B. I).

9.5.2 The percentage uncertainties, XQ,2, XQ,3 ..... in the section flows, Q2, Q3 ..... for other sections are similarly
computed, assuming the same uncertainty on water level measurement (not percentage) as in 9.5.1. Uncertainties
due to transferring water levels or heads are ignored at this stage of the calculation.

9.5.3 The uncertainty in the total flow, Q, is the weighted mean of the uncertainties for the flows, Qi, in the
individual sections, with the inclusion of terms Ior the uncertainty of transposing water levels or heads, estimated
from the equation:

(3)

9.5.4 If the weir is submerged, then Xtd is omitted for any sections at which the crest pressure is measured, but
included for any other sections. For cases of submergence it does not follow automatically that Xtu is to be omitted
at sections where the upstream water level are measured. A-transfer of upstream heads as well as downstream
heads may be involved in assessing crest pressures at such sections.

2) This factor Of 2 assumes that n is large. For n = 6 the factor is 2,6, for n = 8 it is 2,4, for n = 10 it is-2,3, for n = 15 it is 2,1.

3) All uncertainties have a plus or minus value.

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ISO 14139:2000

9.6 Presentation of results

Although it is desirable, and frequently necessary, to list total random and total systematic uncertainties separately,
a simpler presentation of results maybe required.

For this purpose, random and systematic uncertainties may be-combined as described in lSO/TR 5168.

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Annex A
(normative)

Velocity distribution

An even distribution of velocity over the cross-section of the approach channel in the region of the gauging station
is necessary for high accuracy of measurement of discharge by means of weirs, notches and flumes. This is
because the recommended coefficients are empirical values obtained by various investigations and were usually
obtained under ideal laboratory conditions. These involved either the use of screens to ensure an approximately
uniform velocity over the cross-section, or a long straight approach channel conducive to the establishment of a
normal distribution of velocities.

Normal velocity distribution is definecj as the distribution of velocities attained in a channel over a long uniform
straight reach. A characteristic feature of flow in such a channel is that the velocity is at maximum close to the
water surface, with the average velocity occurring at about 0,4 of the depth above invert.

Any deviation from the ideal conditions of either very uniform velocity or a normal velocity distribution may lead to
errors in flow measurement,, but quantitative information on the influence of velocity distribution is inadequate to
define the acceptable limits of departure from the ideal distributions. With the uncertainties on discharge
coefficients quoted in the relevant International Standards (see B.1 ) in mind, Figure A.1 provides some guidance on
the type of velocity distribution and evenness thereof that are acceptable in practice.

In Figure A.1 different patterns of isovels are shown. These isovels are contours of equal velocity in the direction of
flow.

The percentage difference in the value of a left and a right is shown in Figure A.1. Figure A.1 c) shows the extreme
value for the departure from ideal approach conditions for the uncertainties quoted in the relevant International
Standards (see B. 1) and this percentage difference maybe regarded as the maximum permissible. This distribution
gives a Coriolis energy coefficient of 1,44.

12
 IS 15362:2003
ISO 14139:2000

V
1,3

1,2

\
1,1 )
\

c“; 0,8
0,9

c)
b)

d)

e)

f)

a) a left d)
—–1 x1 00 =6,9% a left
—–1 X1 OO=1,2YO
[)a right () a right

b) a left e)
—-1 X1 O0.9, O% a left
—-1 x1 OO=O,6%
() right
a a
() right

c) a left f)
—-1 x1 00 =12,3% a left
—-1 X1 OO=O,9%
a
() right () a right

Figure A.1 — Examples of velocity profiles in the approach channel

13
IS 15362:2003
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Annex B
(normative)

Non-modular (drowned) flow

B.1 General

Structures that are standardized for operation in the modular range areas follows:

— thin= plate weirs: ISO 1438-1;

— triangular profile weirs: ISO 4360;

— trapezoidal broad-crested weirs: ISO 43.62;

— flumes: ISO 4359;

— rectangular broad-crested weirs: ISO 3846;

— round-nose horizontal crest weirs: ISO 4374;

— flat-V weirs: ISO 4377;

— V-shaped broad-crested weirs: ISO 8333;

— Parshall and SANIIRI flumes: ISO 9826;

— streamlined triangular-profile weirs: 1S0 9827.

Structures which are additionally standardized for operation in the non-modular range for use in mild drowned flow
conditions are

— Parshall flumes, and

— streamlined triangular profile weirs.

Structures which are additionally standardized for operation in the non-modular range for use with significant
drowned conditions are:

— SANIIRI flumes;

— flat-V weirs;

— triangular profile weirs;

— V-shaped broad-crested weirs,

These weirs may be used in the non-modular flow range if a crest tapping is provided. They are commonly used as
one or more of the sections of a compound structure, the method of operation being described in B.2.

B.2 gives the procedure to calculate discharges under drowned flow characteristics for the use of the triangular
profile weir. In a similar way drowned flow through other starrriard weirs can be calculated using the appropriate
standard.

14
 IS 15362:2003
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NOTE Uncertainty calculations under drowned conditions.

a) Parshall and SANIIRI flumes do specify their accuracy of measurement under drowned flow conditions.

b) The streamlined triangular profile weir incurs an additional uncertainty of 2,570 when operating under drowned conditions:
an increase from 2,5 O/. to 5 O/..

c) The uncertainty of flow measurement of flat-V and triangular profile weirs increases in inverse proportion to the drowned
flow reduction factor across the full drowned flow operating range.

B.2 Non-modular flow compound 2-dimensional triangular profile weirs with 1:2 and 1:5
slopes

B.2.1 Method of operation

If a weir complying with ISO 4360 is to be used for gauging in the non-modular range, a crest tapping should be
provided together with a separate gauge well in addition to the other requirements for gauging within the modular
range. Double gauging with this type of structure will give reliable flow recording in the non-modular range. The
modular discharge coefficient is approximately constant throughout its range. In the non-modular range the
reduction factor Cdr = Q/QmOd is uniquely related to the ratio hJH1 where hp is the crest-tapping pressure head
and HI is the upstream total head.

Essentially, the crest tapping removes the difficulty of obtaining accurate reading of the downstream water level
where some degree of turbulence is invariably present.

Allowing a 1 % uncertainty in the modular discharge value, drowning is considered to take place where h~H1
exceeds 0,24.

For the purpose of checking, at the design stage, whether this type of weir is likely to drown, the submergence ratio
at the modular limit is approximately 0,75. It is rare that a design would require the upper structures to drown.

It is recommended that if a triangular profile weir is to be used, then a crest tapping should be installed to provide
for possible drowned conditions.

It is recommended that, in cases of doubt as to whether or not a weir may become non-modular, a crest tapping
should be provided together with a separate gauge well.

A typical design for a compound structure of this type and crest tapping details are given in Figures B.1 and B.2
respectively.

B.2.2 Computation of rxm-modular flows

B.2.2.1 General

Two methods for the computation of non-modular discharge for a triangular profile weir complying with ISO 4360
are described in this-subclause. They are:

a) the successive approximation method;

b) the coefficient of velocity method.

Examples of these methoas, as applied to a compound weir, are given in annex C. For non-modular flow the
standard discharge equation is modified to

15
IS 15362:2003
ISO 14139:2000

where Cdr is the drowned flow reduction factor. The other symbols are defined in clause 3.

B.2.2.2 Successive approximation method

The basis of the successive approximation method is to calculate the total head at the section of the weir at which
the head is measured (gauging section) as if it were fpr a single weir, and to use the same value to calculate the
individual discharge of each other section of the weir. On the assumptioti that a crest tapping is fitted to the lowest
crest only, it is then necessary to determine if and to what degFee the other crest(s) is/are drowned by reference to
the ratio of downstream to upstream total head (H~H1 ) calculated from the single reading of the crest tapping.

-Superscripts G, T and S and suffixes 1 and 2 are defined in clause 3.

A double superscript applied to the difference in height of two crests (A) indicates the two crests involved.

Weir sections that have the same crest level and weir height p are treated as one crest even if physically
separated.

The drowned flow reduction factor cd~ can be obtained from Figure B.3 or from the following equations:

Cd, = 1,04[0,945- (hP\H1)l’5]0’256in the range :0,24c~ /H1 <0,95 (4)

in terms of crest-tapping pressure heads; or

cd, =1 @35~,817-(H2/H1 )4]0’0647 in the range :0,75 CH2 /H1 <0,93 and (5)4)

Cd, =8,686 – 8,403 (H2/H1 ) in the range :0,93< H2fH1 .=0,985 (6)4)

in terms of downstream total heads.

Equations (5) and (6) should be used only where no crest tapping exists, as the factor Cdr is a function of the ratio
of downstream to upstream total head (H,JH1) and is extremely sensitive to small errors in either head
measurements. This method is not recommended for regular gauging of non-modular flows. However, in the case
of a compound weir operating in the non-modular range it is necessary to use this method for sections not
equipped with a crest tapping.

If the gauging point and crest tapping are at the same section ATG = O and CdrG = CdrT steps 2 f) and 2 h) and
step 4 are therefore omitted from the following calculation procedures.

Step 1

If hG is zero or negative (i.e. there is no flow over the gauging section of the weir) then:

QG=O, H1= /IIG, calculate steps 2 d) to 2 g) and continue from step 4,

Otherwise calculate the cross-sectional area at the upstream gauging section.

AG = (hlG +PG) X @

For the first calculation only of step 2 a), assume QG = O.

4) Ackers, White, Perkins and Harrison, Weirs and flumes for flow measurement. Whitney. ISBN 0471996378.

16
 IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

Step 2

a) F~=QG/AG

2
b) &,lG = VIG 2g
( )/

c) H,G =hl G+&l G

d) HIT =H1G+ATG5)

e) Calculate hP /HIT, determine CdrT and also H2T/HIT from Figure B.3 or equation (4), (5) or (6).

f) HZT =( H2T/HIT)HIT

This is a basic assumption of the method.

g) H2G =H2T –ATG s)

h) Calculate (H2G/HIG) and determine CdrG from Figure B.3 or equation (5) or (6).

i) QG =0,633 &bG C’~,G ~ H,G 3t2

()

Step 3

Repeat steps 2 a) to 2 i) using the new value of QG obtained in 2 i) until two successive values of QG in step 2 i)
differ by less than a predetermined limit of accuracy. Note the final values of QG, H,G, HIT and CdrT.

Step 4

For the crest-tapping section of the weir

Step 5

For any other section of the weir calculate:

a) HI S= H1G+ASG6)

b) H2S= H2G+/jsG6)

c) Calculate H2s/H1s and determine Cdrs from Figure B.3 or equation (5) or (6).

d) Qs =0,633& .bs. cdrs.

[)
HIS 312

5) If the crest-tapping section, T, is higher than the gauging section, G, replace ztTG with -ATG

6) If the section under consideration, S, is higher than the gauging section, G, replace ASG with -ASG

17
IS 15362:2003
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Step 6

Total Q= QG+QT+~Qs

B.2.2.3 Coefficient of velocity method

The basis of this method is identical with that given for the successive approximation method and the same
notation is used.

Step 1

To determine QT:

a) calculate /zl T = hlG + ATG7J;

b) calculate h~hl T and hlT/(hlT +pT);

c) determine CdrT from Figure B.4;

d) calculate C&
‘[hlT7(h’T+ol from b) and c) above;

e) determine CVT from Table C,l;

f) QT ‘0,633 cj~b TCdr T hlT 3’2;

()

T213T
9) HIT = Cv h, .
()

Step 2

Determine Qs for any other sections including the gauging section (if it is not also the crest-tapping section) as
follows:

a) calculate H2T/HIT from C&T in Figure B.3;

b) calculate H2T ‘(H2T/HIT)HIT;

c) calculate HIS = HIT –AST 8);

d) calculate H2S = H2T - AST B);

e) calculate H2s/H1s ;

f) determine Cdrsfrom Figure B.3;

7) if the crest-tapping section is higher than the gauging section, ATG is replaced by -ATG. If they are the same section,
ATG = 0.

8) If the section under consideration, S, is lower than the crest-tapping section, T, then AST is replaced by –AST.

18
 IS 15362:2003
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g) Qs = Q633&bsCdr (H1S)3’2 ;

Step 3

Total Q=QT +~Qs .

B.2.2.4 Accuracy of computational methods

Successive approximation and coefficient of velocity methods of calculation are equally effective for determining
modular and non-modular flows at compound structures with one exception. That exception is the non-modular
operation of a compound structure at which upstream water level and crest-tapping pressure are measured at
different sections of the structure. In these circumstances the inaccurate assumption that water surface level is
equal at all sections of the structure has to be made in the coefficient of velocity method. Example C.2 gives a
difference of 100 (41 ,39 – 39,58)/39,58 = 4,6 Y.. In this situation, therefore the method of successive
approximation should always be used.

19
 IS 1-5362:2003
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Dimensions in Metres

m
\ 24.4

J !--
b-l
-.
0
0:;
-i t OQO
\

r-- 2
24,1 I
4
I1
I 3
1
m 5 5
.*-
!-
!
k
md I1
2-?b /
/,
1 $/’- 1 6
24,4
‘1 7 1

A-A
l-- A

Key
1 Flow
5 Recorder housing
2 Stilling basin
6 Intake: 00,1
3 Crest-tapping pipe: 00,1
7 Transition formed
4 Crest to crest-tapping~ox (0,3 x 0,6 x O,15):
0 0,01

Figure B.1 — Examples of compound weir design

 IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

Dimensions in metres

1 *

8 II I
II
,:: +
5— ~ _~__JL7
I
6

I 0,15 I

Key

1 Stiffener plate 5 Crest

2 Bronze plate seated on rubber gasket 6 Stiffeners at 0,15 between centres
3 Crest-tapping chambe~ 0,6 long x 0,15 wide 7 Crest-tapping holes: 00,01
4 Cast concrete crest block 8 Pipe to float well

Figure B.2 — Details of crest tappings for triangular profile weirs

21
 IS 15362:2003
‘1s0 14139:2000

x“
‘= l,C
-c

% IH7= f(C~, )— –
x-
‘ 0,9
ii”

0,8

0,7

0,6

0,5

0,4

0,3

0,2

0,1

0
-0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0

Key ~dr
1 1 70 tolerance line

Figure B.3 — Drowned-flow characteristics expressed in terms of h~H1 and Hz/HI as a function of C~r

for triangular profile weirs

22
 IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

‘-m1,0
<

0,9 .0,55.

I
0,8

0.7
I

.0,86 I
0,6

I
I
0,5

0,4

0,3

0,2
o 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9
[h, / (h, +p)l (b/ B]

h,
Figure B.4 — Drowned-flow reduction factor Cdrin terms of hp/hl and — ~ for triangular profile weirs
[)hl+p B

23
IS 15362:2003
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Annex C
(norfrtative)

Methods of calculations

C.1 Modular flow

C.1.1 General

Calculate the discharge for a three-part compound structure comprising a rectangular-throated control flume with a
level invert flanked by round-nosed broad-crested weirs of equal crest elevation and differing widths. Flow within
the individual sections is to be within the modular range. (See also ISO 4359 and ISO 4374.)

Relevant conditions are as follows:

Flank weirs:

width a) 6,4 m

b) 3,7 m

crest heights 1,15 m above datum

crest lengths in direction of flow l,8m

Central flume:

width at entrance 2,5 m

width at throat l,5m

inverl level 0,0 m above datum

throat length 2,0 m

Water level measured at flank weir 2,90 m above datum.

Surface finish smooth, i.e. WL. = 0,003.

It is assumed in this example that the water level is measured-by a recorder having a resolution, -er, of 1 mm with an
uncertainty, eh, of + 3 mm. The zero is measured in each case, ez to + 1 mm. -A series of readings of a constant
head produced a standard deviation of the mean of 1,5 mm. The uncertainty in width measurement may be taken
as + 2 mm.

C.1.2 Discharge flank weirs

Q = (2/3)3’2 CD ~Cv b&h3/2

[from 8.1.2 of ISO 4374:1990, equation (2)1

where

24
 IS 15362:2003
ISO 14139:2000

CD =(1 – 0,006 L/b)(l – 0,003 L,/h)3’2

[from 8.2.3 of ISO 4374:1990, equation (6) a), i3/L taken as 0,003]

therefore CD = 0,994.

Hence

CD b.h/A= 0,60

therefore Cv = 1,10

(from F!gure 3 of ISO 4374: 1990)

Q=43,59m3/s.

C.1.3 Transfer of total head levels

Flank weir gauged head, h = 1,75m.

Flank weir coefficient of velocity, Cv = 1,10.

Therefore flank weir total head, H = hCv~s = 1,86 m.

Therefore total head level = (1 ,86+ 1,15) = 3,01 m above datum.

Therefore flume total head, H = hC#3 = 3,01 m.

Cl.4 Discharge of central flume

Q=(2t3)3’2 cDb&. cv. h312

[from 10.4.1 of ISO 4359, equation (20)]

where

cD= (1 – 0,006L/b) (1- 0,003L/h)3’2

[from 10.4.1 of ISO 4359, equation (25), 3/L taken as 0,003].

For the purposes of calculating CD an approximate gauged head for the flume of 2,90 m may be taken although in
practice there will be a depression of the water level upstream of the central flume.

Hence

CD = 0,989

Q = 13,21 m3/s

C.1.5 Total discharge for the compound structure

Total Q = 43,59 + 13,21 = 56,80 Ill%.

25
IS 15362:2003
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C.1.6 Uncertainty in flow measurement

C.1.6.1 Flank weirs

xh =*100/hx er2+-eh2+ez2 +(2x1,5)2]”*

[

=i100/1750x~2 +32+{2+(2xl,5)2 ]1’2

= + 0,26 ‘/o.

In this example the two flank weirs are taken together as having one width, 10,1 m. Since uncertainties are to be
we~ghted according to discharge, and since the uncertainty in width measurement in each of the flank weirs is
t 2 mm, an uncertainty on the overall width maybe taken as (22+ 22)112 = 2,8 mm.

Then

X6 = 2,8/10100 X 100 = 0,03 y..

From C.1 .2, CD = 0,994.

F~om 8.4, 9.4 and 9.6 of ISO 4374, the percentage uncertainty in the discharge coefficient (including Cv) can be
calculated as follows:

XC= [2+ 0,1 5(1 ,80/1 ,86)] 2+12

= 2,37 %

Therefore, the percentage uncertainty in the flow over the flank weirs is:

z 1/2
x~,, =
(xc2+xb2+l,52x~)
= t [2,372 + 0,032 + (1,5X 0,26) 2]112

= * 2,4o O/.

C.1 .6.2 Central flume

X~ = 100/2900 [12+32+ 12+ (2 X 1,5)211/2

= 0,15 Yo

2
—XIOO=O, I39!O
‘b= 1500

From ISO 4359, equation (28), the percentage uncertainty in the combined coefficient CV.CD is

Xc = + [1 +20 (Cv – CD)] yO

From C.1 .4, CD = 0,989, and since the discharge (13,21 m3/s) and HI (3,01 m) are known, Cv can be determined
as follows.

In a process of successive approximation, a first trial value for the velocity of approach maybe taken as:

26
 IS 15362:2003
ISO 14139:2000

VI = 13,21 /(2,5 x3,01 )=l,755m/s

Hence

VI 2/2g=0,16m

and

hl = 3,01-0,16 = 2,85m

A second trial value for ~ = 13,21 /(2,5 x 2,85)= 1,85 m/s and further trials result in a value for hl of 2,83 m.

Hence

C, = (H#ll )Y2 = (3,01 /2,83)~2 = 1,097

Xc = [1 +20(1 ,097- 0,989)]

=3,1670

Therefore, the percentage uncertainty in the flow through the central flume is:

X~,2 = ~ [3,162 + 0,132+ (1,5 X 0,16) 2]1/2

=s,li’~o

C.1 .6.3 Overall uncertainty

There is an additional uncertainty Xtu = 5 % (see 9.2) in the discharge through the central flume, due to transferring
the upstream total head level from the gauged flank weir to the flume. Hence, from equation 3,

XQ = (1 / 56,80)
[
43,59 X 2,40+ 13,21~__
1
= 3,22 ?(.

C.2 Drowned (non-modular) flow

C.2.1 General

Calculate the discharge for a two-part compound triangular profile weir in the non-modular flow range with head
measurement taken at the flank weir and crest tapping taken at the low weir.

Relevant conditions are as follows:

Flank weir width “ 6,10 m

Flank weir height 0,61 m

Low weir width 3,05 m

Low weir height 0,61 m

Difference in crest levels 0,305 m

27
IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

Gauged head (flank weir) 1,504 m

Crest-tapping pressure (hP) 1,067 m

Adopted limit of accuracy of Q 170

The same accuracy of water level measurement, crest-tapping pressure measurement and width measurement are
assumed as in C.1.

C.2.2 Use of successive approximation method (see B.2.2.2)

In this case the flank weir is the gauging section, G, and the low weir is the crest-tapping section T. Since there are
no other sections step 5 of 6.2.2.2 does not apply. The crest-tapping section is lower than the gauging section,
therefore ATG is positive.

Step 1

AG = (1,504+ 0,61) 6,10 = 12,895 m2

Step 2

1st approximation

b) hv,lG = O

c) H,G = 1,504+0 = l,504m

d) HIT = 1,504+ 0,305 = 1,809 m

e) ,809 = 0,590
h~H1 T = 1,067/1

T = 0,88 and H2T IH1 T = 0,93 from Figure 6.3

Cdr

f) H2T = 0,93 x 1,809 = 1,682 m

g) H2G = 1,682- (0,305) = 1,377m

h) H2G /HIG = 1,377/1,504 = 0$16

CdrG = 0,91 from Figure 6.3

i) QG= 0,633 X ~~ x 6,10 x 0,91 x 1,5043’2= 20,299 m3/s

Step 3

2nd approximation

~lG
a) = 20,299/12,895 = 1,574 mls

b) hv ,G = 1,5742/(2 x 9,81) = 0,126 m

c) HIG = 1,504+0,126 = l,630m

28
 IS 15362 :20Q3
ISO 14139:2000

d) HIT = 1,630+ 0,305 = 1,935 m

e) ,935 = 0,551
hp IHIT = 1,067/1

CdrT = 0,89 and H2T/HIT = 0,925 from Figure B.3

f) H2T = 0,925 x 1,935 = 1,79o m

g) H2G = 1,790-0,305 = 1,485 m

h) H2GtH1G = 1,485/1 ,630 = 0,911

CdrG = 0,915 from Figure B.3

i) QG = 12,094 x 0,915 x 1,63@2 = 23,029 m3/s

Difference in successive values of QG = 11,9 %

3rd approximation

–G
a) VI = 23,029/12,895 = 1,786 m/s

b) hv ,G = 1,7862/(2 x 9,81) = 0,163 m

c) H,G = 1,504 +0,163 = 1,667 m

d) HIT = 1,667+ 0,305 = 1,972 m

e) hp IHIT ,972 = 0,541

= 1,067/1

CdrT = 0,895 and H2T /HIT = 0,92 from Figure B.3

f) H2T = 0,92 x 1,972 = 1,814 m

g) H2G = 1,814-0,305 = 1,5o9 m

h) H2GlHjG = 1,50911,667 = 0,905

cdrG = 0,92 from Figure B.3

i) Q6 = 12,094 x 0,920 x 1,667W2 = 23,948 ins/s

Difference in successive values of QG = 3,8%

4th approximation

–G
a) VI = 23,948/12,895 = 1,857 mls

b) hv,lG = 1,8572/(2 x 9,81) = 0,176 m _

c) H,G = 1,504 +0,176 = 1,680 m

29
IS 15362:2003
ISO 14139:2000

d) HIT = 1,680+0,305 = l,985m

e) h~H1 T = 1,067/1,985 = 0,538

CdrT = 0,895 ard H2TlH1 T = 0,g2from Figure B.3

f) H2T = 0,92 x 1,985 = 1,826 m

g) H2G = 1,826-0,305 = 1,521 m

h) H2GtHl G = 1,521/1 ,680 = 0,905

CrJrG = 0,92 from Figure B.3

i) QG = 12,094 X 0,92 X 1,680~2 = 24,228 m%si

Difference in successive values of QG = 1,2 0/0

5th approximation

~lG
a) = 24,228/12,895 = 1,879 m/s

b) hv ,G = 1,8792/(2 x 9,81) = 0,180 m

c) H,G = 1,504+0,180 = l,684m

d) HIT = 1,684+ 0,305 = 1,989 m

e) = 0,536 m
h~Hl T = 1,067/1,989

CdrT = 0,90 and H2T/HIT = 0,92 from Figure B.3

f) H2T = 0,92 x 1,989 = 1,830 m

g] H2G = 1,830-0,305 = 1,525 m

h) H2GIH1G = 1,52511,684 = 0,906

CdrG = 0,92 from Figure B.3

i) QG = 12,094 x 0)92x 1,684W2 = 24,315 m3/s

Difference in successive values of QG = 0,36”~

Step 4

QT = 0t663x ~ x 3335 x 0,90x 1,9893’2= 15,266m3/s

Step 5

Total Q = 24,315+ 15,266 = 39,58 m3/s

30
 IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

C.2.3 Useofcoefficient ofvelocity method (see B.2.2.3)

Calculate the discharge of a compound weir in the non-modular flow range under the same conditionsas in C.2.2.

As the flank weir is the gauging section, G, and the lower weir is the crest-tapping section, T, ztTG and AST are
positive.

Step 1

a) /zlT = 1,504 + 0,305 = 1,809 m

b) hP /hlT = 1,067/1 ,809 = 0,590

hlT/(hlT + pT) = 1,809/(1 ,809+ 0;61) = 0,748

c) CdrT = 0,902 from Figure B.4

d) CdrT [hlT/(hlT + pT)] = 0,902 X 0,748 = 0,675

e) CVT = 1,199 from Table C.1

f) qT = 4,824 m3/s per metre of crest from Table C.2

9) QT = 3;05 x 0,902 (1,199 x 4,824) = 15,912 ins/s

h) HIT = 1,199Z3X 1,809 = 2,042 m

Step 2

To determine Qs (flank weir), (in this case, the gauging section, G):

a) H2T/HIT = 0,92 from Figure B.3

b) H2T = 0,92 x 2,042 = 1,879m

c) HI s = 2,042-0,305 = 1,737 m

d) Hzs = 1,879-0,305 = 1,574 m

e) H.$fHls = 1,574/1 ,737 = 0,906

f) Cdrs = 0,92”from Figure:B.3

9) @ = 4,539 m3/s pet metre of crest “fromTable C.2

h) Qs = 6,10 x 0,92 x 4,539 = 25,473 m3/s

Step 3

Total Q = 15,912+ 25,473 = 41 ,39-m3/s

31
IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

C.2.4 Uncertainty in flow measurement (relating to the successive approximation method described in C.2.2).

C.2.4.1 Flank weir

Xh = (100/1 504) x [12+32+ 12 + (2 x 1,5)2] 1/2

= 0,30 %

x = (100/1 067)X [12+ 32+ 12+(2X 1,5)2] 1/2

= 0,42 %

Xb = 2/6100x100

= 0,03 %

From ISO 4360 the uncertainty in the discharge coefficient (including Cv) is:

xc = (Iocv - 9) ?40

From the final (5th) approximation in C.2.2, CdrG = 0,92

Also, hlG = 1,504 and weir height p = 0,61

Hence CdrG x hl/(hl + ~) = 0,65

From Table Cl, Cv = 1,177

XC = (lox 1,177)–9 = 2,i’7yo

In addition, there is some uncertainty in the relationship for the drowned flow reduction factor. This has been
estimated as:

xc,~r = 3 %

Hence, the uncertainty in discharge over the flank weir, ignoring water level and head transfer effects, is:

1/2
XQ,I=
(X;+ X~+X&+1,52X~ +1,52X:P
)

= [2,772+ 0,032+32+ (1,52x 0,30Z) + (1,5 z X 0,42Z)]112

=4,16%

C.2.4.2 Low weir

Xh = (100/1 809) X [12+32+ 12+(2X 1,5)2] 112

= 0,25 Yo

Xh,p = 0,427.

x~ = 2/3 050 x 100

= 0,06 %

32
 IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

For the approach channel to the low weir, the height h, of the water sufface level above the weir crest is not known.
Since the discharge (1 5,266 m3/s) and H, (1 ,989 m) are known, h, can be determined by a method of successive
approximation.

A first trial value for the velocity of approach may be taken as:

VI =15,266 / [(1 ,989 +0,305 )x3,05] =2,182 m/s

Hence

–2
~= 2,1822/(2x9,81)=0,242 m
2g

hl = 1,989 – 0,242 = 1,747 m

A second trial value is:

VI = 15,266/[(1 ,747+0,305)x3,05]= 2,439 m/s

and further trials result in a value for hl of 1,67 m. Also, the weir height p = 0,305 m and, from the 5th
approximation in C.2.2, CdrT = 0,90

CdrT X hl/(hl + p) = 0,90 X [1 ,67/(1 ,67 + 0,305)] = 0,76

From Table C.1, Cv = 1,302

xc = (I OX 1,302-9)

= 4,02 ‘%.

Xc.dr = 3 Y. as before

Hence the uncertainty in the discharge over the low weir, ignoring water level and head transfer effects, is:

XQ,2 = [4,022+ 0,062 + 32 + (1,52 X 0,252) + (1,52 X 0,422 )]1/2

= 5,07 %

C.2.4.3 Overall uncertainty

For the low weir, an additional uncertainty XtU = 5 ‘% has to be included, due to the transfer of the upstream total
head level from the gauged flank weir.

Calculation of the submerged flow over the flank weir requires transferring the upstream total head level to the low
weir, as well as transferring the downstream total head level from the low weir to the flank weir. Hence additional
uncertainties of Xtu = 5‘% and Xtd = 10 O/.have to be included.

XQ=l/39,58
[
24,315 (4,162+52 + 102) + 15,266 ~-
1
= 10,170

33
IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

Table C.1 — Values Of Cv in terms Of cd~(~)for rectangular profile weirs

hj+p

I Values of Cv
I

hl hi
crjr(— Increments
of Cdr( —
h,+p) hl+p)

0,00 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,07 0,08 0,09

0,0 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,001 1,001 1,001 1,001 1,002 1,002 1,003
0,1 1,003 1,004 1,004 1,005 1,006 1,007 1,008 1,009 1,010 1,011

0,2 1,012 1,013 1,015 1,016 1,017 1,019 1,021 1,022 1,024 1,026

0,3 1,028 1,030 1,032 1,034 1,037 1,039 1,042 1,044 1,047 1,050

0,4 1,053 1,056 1,059 1,062 1,065 1,069 1,072 1,076 1,080 1,084

0,5 1,088 1,093 1,097 1,102 1,107 1,112 1,117 1,123 1,129 1,135

0,6 1,141 1,147 1,154 1,162 1,169 1,177 1,185 1,194 1,204 1,214

0,7 1,224 1,234 1,246 1,258 1,272 1,286 1,302

1
NOTE 1

NOTE 2
Cdr = 1 in the modular flow range (hp

A rectangular ar)tJrOaChchannel is assumed.

/H1 < 0,24).
I
-1

34
 IS 15362:2003
ISO 14139:2000

Table C.2 — Modular discharge over a triangular profile weir per metre of crast in terms of upstream head

Modular discharge
~
Head
H m31s
Increments of head, H
m m
0,000 0,001 0,002 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,006 0,007 0,008 0,009
0,ooo 0,ooooo 0,00006 0,00018 0,00033 0,00050 0,00070 0,00092 0,00116 0,00142 0,00169
0,010 0,00198 0,00229 0,00261 0,00294 0,00328 0.00364 0.00401 0.00439 0.00479 0.00519

I
I ! 0,00647
0,020 I 0,00603 ! 0,00692 0,00737 I 0,00784 0,00880 0,00929 I 0,00979
1 0,00561 I 0,00831 I I

t , , .—t ,–-.–,——
0,030 0,0103( 10 I 0,01082 0,01527
I 0,01135 I 0,01189 I 0,01243 I 0,01298 I 0,01354 ! 0,01411 I 0,01469 I
1 0,040 I 0,01586 0,01646 0.01707 0,01768 0.01830 0.01893 0.01956 0.02020 0.02085
–, 0.02150
.. —-. I
1 1

I 0,050
0.060

0,070
I
I 0,02217
[ 0,02914
0,02283

I 0,02987
0,02351

I 0,03061
0,03830
I 0,,02419
I 0,03135
I 0,02488
I 0,03210
0,02557

I 0,03286
I 0,02627
I 0,03362
I
I
0,02698

0,03438 I
0,02769

0.03516
0,028 4f

I 0,03593
0,04402
I
I

I 0,03672 0,03751 I 0,03910 I 0,03991 0,04072 I 0,04154 I 0,04236 I 0,04319 I

0,080 0,04486 0,04571 0,04655 0,04741 0,04827 0,04913 0335000 0,05086 0,05176 0,05284
O.mcl I I 0,05353 I 0,05443 I 0,05532 I 0,05623 I 0.05714 I 0.05805 I 0.05897 i 0.05990 I 0.06062 I 0.06176 I
0,100 I 0,06270 I 0,06364 0,06459 I 0,06554 0,06649 0,06746 I 0,06842 I 0,06939 I 0,07037 I 0,07135
0,110 0,07233 0,07332 0,07431 0,07531 0,07631 I 0,07732 0,07633 0,07934 0,06036 0,08139
1
I 0,120 ! 0,08242 I 0.06345 I 0,08448 I 0.08553 I 0.08657 I 0.08762 ! 0.08867 I 0.08973 I 0.09079 I 0.09188 I
0,130 0,09293 0,09400 0,09508 0,09616 0,09725 0,09634 0,09944 0,10054 0,10164 0,10274
0,140 0,10386 0,10497 0,10609 0,10721 0,10834 0,10947 0,11060 0,11174 0,11288 0,11403

0,150 0,11518 0,11633 0,11749 0.11865 0.11982 0.12099 0.12216 0.12334 0.12452 0.12570

0,160 0,12689 0,12808 0,12927 0,13047 0,13168 0,13288 0,13409 0,13530 0,13652 0,13774
0,170 0,13897 0,14019 0,14143 0,14266 0,14390 0,14514 0,14639 0,14764 0,14689 0,15015

0,180 0,15141 0,15267 0,15394 0,15521 0,15648 0.15776 0.15904 0.16032 0.16161 0.16290-

0,190 I 0,18420 I 0,16550 I 0,16680 I 0,16810 I 0,16941 I 0,17072 I 0,17204 I 0,17336 I 0,17468 I 0,17600
0,200 0,17733 0,17666 0,16000 0,18134 0,182.68 0,18402 0,16537 0,18672 0,18808 0,18943

I 0,210 i 0,19080 I .0,19216 I 0.19353 I 0.19490 I 0.19627 I 0.19765 I 0.19903 I 0.20041 ! 0.20180 I 0.20319 i

I I I
I
0,220 0,20458 I 0,20598 0,20736 I 0,20878 I 0,21019 I 0,21160 0,21301 0,21443 I 0,21584 0,21727
I I
0;230 0,21869 0,22012 0,22155 0,22298 0,22442 0,22586 0.22730 0,22675 0,23020 0,23165

0,240 I 0,23311 0,23457

I
0,23603 I 0,23749 1 0,23896 I 0,24043 0,24190 0,24338 I 0,24486 0,24634
0,250 I 0,28133
0,24783 I 0,24932 0,25081 0,25230 0,25380 0,25530 I 0,25680 I 0,25631 0,25962
0.260 1 I 0,26284 I 0,26436 I 0,26588 I 0,26741 ! 0,26893 I 0,27046 I 0,27199 I 0,27.353 I 0.27507 I 0,27681 I
0,270 I 0,27815 I 0,27970 I 0,28125 I 0,28280 0,28436 0,28592 I 0,28748 I 0,26904 I 0,29061 1
0,29218
0,280 0,29532 0,29690 0,30802
0,29375 0,29848 I 0,30007 I 0,30165 0,30324 0,30483 0,30643
I 0,290 ] 0,30962 I 0,31123 I 0,31283 I 0,31444 I 0.31605 I 0.31767 I 0.31926 I 0.32090 I 0.32252 I 0.32415 I
0,300
I 0,32578 I 0,32741 I 0,32904 0,33068 0,33231 0,33396 0,33560 I 0,33725 I 0,33869 I
0,34055

0,310 0,34220 0,34386 0,34552 1 0,34718 I 0,34885 1 0,35051 1 0,35218 0,35386 0,35553 0,35721 1
0,320
I 0,35889 I 0,36058 I 0,36226 0,36395 0,36584 0,36734 0,36903 I 0,37073 I 0,37243 I 0,37414

0,330 0,37755 0,37927 0,38787 0,38959 0,39133

0,37585 I 0,38098 0,38270 0,38442 0,36614
1 0,340 I 0,39306 I 0.39479 I 0,39653 I 0.39827 I 0.40001 I 0.40176 I 0.40351 I 0.40526 I 0.40701 I 0.40677 [

I 0,350
0.360
! 0,41053
I 0,42824
I 0,41229
i o,430G3
I 0,41405
t 0,43182
I 0,41582
t 0,43361
I 0,41758
I 0,43540
I 0,41935
I 0,43720
0,42113

I 0,43900
0,42290

I 044060
I 0,42468

I 0,44260 I
0,42646

0,44440
I
I
0,370
I 0,44621 I 0,44802 I 0,44983 I 0,45165 I 0,45347 I 0,45529 I 0,45711 I 0,45893 I 0,46076 I
0,46259

0,380 0,46442 0,46626 0,46609 0,46993 0,47178 0,47362 0,47547 0,47731 0,47917 0,46102

I 0,390 i 0,48288 I 0.48473 I 0.48659 I 0.48846 I 0,49032 I 0.49219 I 0.49406 I 0.49593 I 0.49781 I 0.49969 I
IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

Table C.2 — Modular discharge over a triangular profile weir per metre of crest in terms of upstream head
(continued)

I Modular discharge
4
I

Head
H m31s

Increments of head, H
m
m

0,000 0,001 0,002 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,006 0,007 0,008 0,009

0,400 0,50157 0,50345 0,50533 0,50722 0.50911 0,51100 0,51289 0,51479 0,51669 0,51859
0,410 0,52049 0,52240 0,52431 0,52622 0,52813 0,53004 0,53196 0,53388 0.53580 0.53772
0s420 0,53965 0,54158 0,54351 0,54544 0,54738 0,54932 0,55126 0,55320 0,55514 0,55709
0,430 0,55904 0,56099 0,56294 0,56490 0,56686 0,56882 0,57078 0,57274 0,57471 0,57668
0,440 0,57865 0,58063 0,58260 0,58458 0,58656 0.58854 0.59053 0.59252 0.59450 0.59650
0,450 0,59849 0,60049 0,60248 0,60448 0,60649 0,60849 0,61050 0,61251 0,61452 0,61653
0,460 0,61855 0,62057 0,62259 0,62461 0,62664 0,62866 0,63069 0,63272 0,63476 0,63679
0,470 0,63883 0,64087 0,64291 0,64496 0,64700 0,64905 0.65110 0.65315 0.65521 0.65727
0,480 0,65933 0,66139 0,66345 0,66552 0,66758 0,66965 0,67173 0,67380 0,67588 0,67796
0,490 0,68004 0,68212 0,68420 0,68629 0,68838 0,69047 0,69257 0,69466 0,69676 0,69686
0,500 0,70096 0,70306 0,70517 0,70728 0,70939 0.71150 0.71362 0.71573 0.71785 0.71997
0,510 0,72209 0,72422 0,72635 0,72847 0,73061 0,73274 0,73487 0,73701 0,73915 0,74129
0,520 0,74344 0,74558 0,74773 0,74988 0,75203 0,75418 0,75634 0,758.50 0,76066 0,76282
0,530 0,76498 0,76715 0,76932 0,77149 0,77366 0,77583 0.77801 0.78019 0.76237 0.78455
0,540 0,78674 0,78892 0,79111 0,79330 0,79549 0,79769 0,79988 0,80208 0,80428 0,80649
0,550 0,80869 0,81090 0,81311 0,81532 0,61753 0,81974 0,82196 0,82418 0,82640 0,82862
0,560 0,83085 0,83307 0,83530 0,83753 0,83976 0,84200 0,84423 0,84647 0,84871 0.85096
0,570 0,85320 0,85545 0,85769 0,85994 0,86220 0,86445 0,86671 0,86896 0,87122 0,87349
0,580 0,87575 0,87802 0,88028 0,88255 0,88483 0,88710 0,88937 0,89165 0,89393 0,89621
0,590 0,89850 0,90078 0,90307 0,90536 0,90765 0,90994 0,91224 0,91453 0,91683 0,91913
0,600 0,92144 0,92374 0,92605 0,92836 0,93067 0,93298 0,93529 0,93761 0,93993 0,94225
0,610 0,94457 0,94689 0,94922 0,95154 0,95387 0,95620 0,95854 0,96087 0,96321 0,96555
0,620 0,96789 0,97023 0,97258 0,97492 0,97727 0,97962 0,98197 0,96433 0,98668 0,98904
0,630 0,99140 0,99376 0,99612 0,99849 1,00086 1,00323 1,00560 1,00797 1,01034 1,01272
0,640 1,01510 1,01748 1,01986 1,02224 1,02463 1,02702 1,02941 1,031 6fl 1,03419 1,03659
0,650 1,03898 1,04138 1,04378 1,04618 1,04859 1,05099 1,05340 1,05581 1,05822 1,06084
0,660 1,06305 1,06547 1.06789 1.07031 1,07273 1.07515 1.07756 1.00001 1.06244 1.08487
0,670 I 1,08730 1,08974 1,09217 1,09461 1,09705 1,09950 1,10194 1,10439 1,10683 1,10928
I I I I I I I
0,680 1,11174 I 1,11419 1,11664 1,11910 1,12156 1,12402 1,12648 1)12895 1,13141 1,13388
0,690 1,13635 1,13882 1,14129 1;14377 1,14624 1,14872 1,15120 1,15369 1,15617 1,15885
0,700 1,16114 1,t6363 1,16612 1,16861 1,17111 1,17360 1,17610 1,17860 l,t81 10 1,18361
0,710 1,18611 1,18862 1,19113 1,19364 1,19615 1,19866 1,20118 1,20370 1,20622 1,20874
0,720 1,21126 1,21378 1,21631 1,21884 1,22137 1,22390 1,22643 1,22897 1,23150 1,23404
0,730 1,23658 1,23912 1,24167 1,24421 1,24676 1,24931 1,25186 1,25441 1,25696 1,25952
0,740 1,26208 1,26464 1,26720 1,26976 1,27232 1,27489 1,27746 1,28003 1,28260 1,28517
0.750 i 1,28775 I 1,29032 I 1.29290 I 1.29548 I 1 ‘2!3806 [ 130064
1 [ .,-.-—-
[ 1 !iO?,?3 I
1
1., 30!58?
----- !
I
130840
., ----- !
1
i ., 31099
----- I

1
0,760

0,770
0,780 I
1,31359
1,33960
1,36578
El 1,31618
1,34221
1,36841
I
1,31877
1,34482
1,37103
Wll
1,37367 I
1,32397
1,35005

.,-----
137620 I1
1,32657
1,35267
1,, 37fI!X3~
-----
I
1,32917
1,35529
1.,--
WI” I 57
1,33178
1,35791
1,38420
I 1,33438
1,36053
1,38684
1,33699
1,36315
~ 1,36948
0,790 1,39213 I 1,39477 1,39742 I 1,40006 Yt 1,40271 1,40536 1.40802 1,41067 l,4t333 1,41598

36
 IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

Table C.2 — Modular discharge Over a triangular profile weir per metre of crest in terms of upstream-head
(continued)

Modular discharga
q
Head
H m3/s

Increments of head, H
m
m

I 0,000 I 0,001 I 0,002 I 0,003 I 0,004 I o,oo5 ] 0,006 I 0,007 I 0,008 I 0,009 I

0,800 1,41864 1,42130 1,42397 1,42663 1,42930 1,43196 1,43463 1,43730 1,43998 1,44265
0,810 1,44533 1,44800 1,45068 1,45336 1,45605 1,45873 1,46141 1,46410 1,46679 1,46948
0,820 1,47217 1,47487 1,47756 1,48026 1,48296 1,48566 1,48836 1,49106 1,49377 1,49648
0,830 1,49919 1,50190 1,50461 1,50732 1,51004 1,51275 1,51547 1,51819 1.52091 1,52384
0,840 1,52636 1,52909 1,53182 1,53454 1,53728 1,54001 1,54274 1,54548 1,54822 1,55096
0,850 1,55370 1,55644 1,55918 1,56193 1,56468 1,56743 1,57018 1,57293 1,57568 1,57844
0,860 1,58120 1,56396 1,58672 1,58948 1,59224 1,59501 1.59777 1.60054 1.60331 1.60608
0,870 1,60886 1,61163 1,61441 1,61718 1,61996 1,62275 1,62553 1,62831 1,63110 1,63389
0,880 1,63667 1,63946 1,84226 1,64505 ‘1,84785 1,65064 1,65344 1,65624 1,65904 1,66185
0,890 1,66465 1,66746 1,67027 1,67307 1,67589 1.67870 1.68151 1.68433 1.68715 1.68997
0,900 1,69279 1,69561 1,69843 1,70126 1,70408 1,70691 1,70974 1,71257 1,71541 1,71824
0,910 1,72108 1,72391 1,72675 1,72959 1,73244 1,73528 1,73813 1,74097 1,74382 1,74667
0,920 1,74952 1,75238 1,75523 1,75809 1,76095 1.76381 1.76667 1.76953 1.77239 1.77526
0,930 1,77813 1,78100 1,78387 1,78674 1,78961 1,79249 1,79536 1,79824 ,1,80112 1,80400
0,940 1,80688 1,80977 1,81265 1,81554 1,81843 1,82132 1,82421 1,82710 1,83000 1,83289
0,950 1,83579 1,83869 1,84159 1,84450 1.84740 1,85030 1,85321 1,85612 1.85903 1.86194
0,960 1,86485 1,86777 1,87069 1,87360 1,87652 1,87944 1,88237 1,88529 1,88821 1,89114
0,970 1,89407 1,89700 1,89993 1,90286 1,90580 1,90873 1,91167 1,91461 1,91755 1,92049
0,980 1,92343 1,92638 1,92933 1,93227 1,93522 1.93817 1,94113 1.94408 1.94703 1.94999
0,990 1,95295 1,95591 ~,95887 1,96183 1,98480 1,96776 1,97073 1,97370 1,97667 1,97984
1,000 1,98261 1,98559 1,98857 1,99154 1,99452 1,99750 2;00048 2,00347 2,00645 2,00944
1,010 2,01243 2,01542 2,01841 2,02140 2,02439 2.02739 2.03039 2.03339 2.03638 2.03939
1,020 2,04239 2,04539 2,04840 2,05141 2,05441 2,05742 2,06044 2,06345 2,06646 2,06948
1,030 2,07250 2,07552 2,07854 2,08156 2,08458 2,08761 2,09063 2,09366 2,09669 2,09972
1,040 2,10275 2,10579 2,10882 2,11186 2.11490 2.11794 2.12098 2.12402 2.12706 2.13011
1,050 I 2,13315 2,13620 I 2,13925 I 2,14230 2,14535 2,14841 I 2,15146 I 2,15452 I 2,15758 2,16084
1,060 2,16370 I 2,16676 2,16983 2,17289 I 2,17596 2,17903 2,18210 2,18517 2,18824 I 2,19131

I 1,070 i 2.19439 I 2.19747 I 2.20055 I .2.20363 I 2.20671 I 2.20979 I 2.21287 I 2.21596 I 2.21905 I 2.22213 I
1,080 I 2,22522 I 2,22832 2,23141 I 2,23450 I 2,23760
I 2,24070 I 2,24379 I 2,24689 I 2,25000 I 2,25310
‘–
1,090 2,25620 2,25931 I 2,26241 2,26552 2,26863 2,27174 2,27486 2,27797 2,28109 2.28420
1,100 2,28732 2,29044 2,29356 2,29669 2,29981 2,30293 2,30606 2,30919 2,31232 2,31545
1,110 2,31858 2,32172 2,32485 2,32799 2,33113 2,33427 2,33741 2,34055 2,34369 2,34684
1.120 2.34999 2,35313 2.35628 2.35943 2.36259 2.36574 2.36889 2.37205 2.37521 2.37837
I
I I 2,38469
1,130 2,38785 2,39102 2,39419 2,40369 2,40686
I 2,38153 2,39735 2,40052 I I 2,41004
‘“---
1,140 2,41321 2,41639 2,41957 I 2,42274 2,42592 2,42911 2.43229 2,43547 2,43866 2.44185 I

I
1,150 2,44822 I 2,45142 2,45780
I 2,44503 I 2,45461 2,46100 2,46419 I 2,46739 I 2,47059 I 2,47379
1,160 2,47700 I 2,48020 2,48340 2,48661 I 2,48982 I 2,49303 I 2,49624 2,49945 2,50266 2,50588 I
1,170 2,50909 2,51231 2,51553 2,51875 2,52197 2,52520 2,52842 2,53165 2,53487 2,53810
1,180 2,54133 2,54456 2,54779 2,55103 2,55426 2,55750 2,56074 2,56398 2,56722 2,57046
1,190 2,57370 2,57695 2,58020 2,58344 2,58669 2,58994 2,59319 2,59645 2,59970 2.60296
*

37
IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

Table C.2 — Modular discharge over a triangular.profile weir per metre of crest in terms of upstream head
(continued)

Modular discharge
Y
Head
H m31s

Increments of head, H
m
m

0,000 0,001 0,002 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,006 0,007 0,008 0,009

1,200 2,60621 2,60947 2,61273 2,61599 2,61926 2,62252 2,62579 2,62905 2,63232 2,63559
1,210 2,63886 2,64213 2,64540 2,64868 2,65196 2,65523 2,65851 2,66179 2,66507 2,66836
1,220 2,67154 2,67493 2,67821 2,68150 2,68479 2,68808 2,69137 2,69467 2,69796 2,70126
1,230 2,70456 2,70765 2,71115 2,71446 2,71776 2,72106 2,72437 2,72768 2,73098 2,73429
1,240 2,73760 2,74092 2,74423 2,74755 2,75086 2,75418 2,75750 2,76082 2,76414 2,76746
1,250 2,77079 2,77411 2,77744 2,78077 2,78410 2,78743 2,79076 2,79409 2,79743 2,80077
1,260 2,80410 2,80744 2,81078 2,81412 2,81747 2,82081 2,82416 2,82750 2,83085 2,83420
1,270 2,83755 2,84090 2,84426 2,84761 2,85097 2,85433 2,85768 2,86104 2,86441 2,86777
1,280 2,87113 2,87450 2,87786 2,88123 2,88460 2,88797 I 2,89134 2,89472 2,89809 I 2,90147
I I
1,290 2,91837
I
2,90484 2,90822 I 2,91160 [ 2,91498 2,92175 2,92513 I 2,92852 I 2,93191 2,93530

I 1,300
I 2,93869
2,94208 2,94547 2,94886 2,95226 I
2,95566 2,95905 2,96245 I 2,96585 2,96926
I
1,310 2,98288 2,98629 2,98969 2,99311 2,99993
I 2,97266 2,97606 2,97947 2,99652 I 3,00335
1,320 3,00676 3,01018 I 3,01360 I 3,01702 I 3,02044 I 3,02386 I 3,02729 I 3,03071 I 3,03414 3,03757

1 1,330
I 3,04099 3,04443 3,04786 3,05129 3,05412 3,05816 3,06160 3,06503 I 3,06847 3,07191
I
1,340
I 3,07536 I 3,07880 3,08224 I 3,08569 3,08914 I 3,09258 I 3,096.03 3,09949 I 3,10294 I 3,10639
1,350 3,10985 3,11330 3,11676 3,12022 3,12368 3,12714 3,13060 3,13406 3,13753 3,14100

I 1,360 I 3,14446 3,14793 3,15140 3,15487 3,15835 3,16182 3,16530 3,16877 I 3,17225 I 3,17573 I
1,370 3,17921 3,18269 3,18617 3,18966 3,19314 3,19663 3,20012 3,20361 3,20710 3,21059
1,380 3,21408 3,21758 3,22107 3,22457 3,22807 3,23156 3,23507 3,23857 3,24207 3,24557
1,390 3,24908 3,25259 3,25609 3,25960 3,26311 3,26663 3,27014 3,27365 3,27717 3,28069
i
1,400 3,28421 3,28772 3,29125 3,29477 3,29829 3,30181 3,30534 3,30887 3,31240 3,31593
1,410 3,31946 3,32299 3,32652 3,33006 3,33359 3,33713 3,34067 3,34421 3,34775 3,35128
1,420 3,35483 3,35838 3,36192 3,36547 3,36902 3,37257 3,37612 3,37967 3,3.8322 3,38678
1,430 3,39033 3,39389 3,39745 3,40101 3,40457 3,40813 3,41169 3,41526 3,41882 3,42239
1,440 3,42596 3,42953 3,43310 3,43667 3,44024 3,44382 3,44739 3,45097 3,45455 3,45813
1,450 3,46171 3,46529 3,46887 3,47246 3,47604 3,47963 3,48321 3,48680 3,49039 3,49399
1,460 3,49758 3,50117 3,50477 3,50836 3,51196 3,51556 3,51916 3,52276 3,52637 3,52997
1,470 3,53357 3,53718 3,54079 3,54440 3,54801 3,55162 3,55523 3,55884 3,56246 3,56608
1,480 3,56969 3,57331 3,57693 3,58055 3,58417 3,58780 3,59142 3,59505 3,59867 3,60230
1,490 3,60593 3,60956 3,61320 3,61683 3,62046 3,62410 3,62774 3,63137 3,63501 3,63865
1,500 3,64229 3,64594 3,64958 3,65323 3,65687 3,66052 3,66417 3,66782 3,67147 3,67512
1,510 3,67878 3,68243 3,68609 3,68975 3,69341 3,69707 3,70073 3,70439 3,70805 3,71172
1,520 3,71538 3,71905 3,72272 3,72639 3,73006 3,73373 3,73740 3,74108 3,74475 3,74843
1,530 3,75211 3,7557+ 3,75947 3,76315 3,76683 3,77052 3,77420 3,77789 3,78157 3,78526
1,540 3,78895 3,79264 3,79634 3,80003 3,80373 3,80742 3,81112 3,81482 3,81852 3,82222
1,550 3,82592 3,82962 3,83333 3,83703 3,84074 3,84445 3,84816 3,85187 3,85558 3,85929
1,560 3,86300 3,86672 3,87043 3,87415 3,87787 3,88159 3,88531 3,88903 3,89276 3,89648
1,570 3,90021 3,90393 3,90766 3,91139 3,91512 3,91885 3,92259 3,92632 3,93006 3,93379
1,580 3,93753 3,94127 3,94501 3,94875 3,95249 3,95624 3,95998 3,96373 3,96747 3,97122
1,590 3,97497 3,97872 3,98247 3,98623 3,98998 3,99374 3,99749 4,00125 4,00501 4,00877
.

38
 IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

Table C.2 — Modular discharge over a triangular profile weir per metre of crest in terms of upstream head
(continued)

Modulardischarge
q
Head
H m3/s

Increments of head, H
m
m

O,ooo 0,001 0,002 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,008 0,007 0,008 0,009

1,600 4,01253 4,01629 4,02005 4,02382 4,02759 4,03135 4,03512 4,03889 4,04266 4,04643
1,610 4,05021 4,0!5398 4,05775 4,06153 4,06531 4,06909 4,07287 4,07665 4,08043 4,08421
1,620 4,08800 4,09178 4,09557 4,09936 4,10315 4,10694 4,11073 4,11452 4,11832 4,12211
1,630 4,12591 4,12971 .4,13350 4,13730 4,14111 4,14491 4,14871 4,15252 4,15632 4,16013
1,640 4,16394 4,16774 4,17155 4,17537 4,17918 4,18299 4,18681 4.19062 4.19444 4.%98 26
1,650 4,20208 I
4,20590
I 4,20972 I 4,21354 I 4,21737 1 4,22119 I 4,22502 ! 4,22885 I 4,23268 1 4,23651
1,660 4,24034 4,24417 4,248(M 4,25184 4,25567 4,25951 4,26335 4,26719 4,27103 4,27487
1.670 477871 I 4,28255 I 4,28640 I 4,29025 ! 4,29409 I 4,29794 [ 4.30179 ! 4,30564 I 4.30949 I 4.31335
1,680 1 4,31720 4,32105 I 4,32491 I 4,33263 4,34421
I 4,32877 I 4,33649 I 4,34035 4,34807 I 4,35194
1,690 4,35580 I 4,35967 4,36354 4,37128 4,37515
4,36741 4,37902 I 3,30289 I ,4,38677 4,39084
1,700 I 4,39452 I 4,39840 I 4,40228 I 4,40616 I 4,41004 I 4,41392 I 4,41781 I 4.42169 I 4.42558 I 4.42947
1,710 4,43335 4,43724 4,44113 4,44503 4,44892 4,45281 4,45671 4,46060 4,46450 4,46840
1,720 4,47230 4,47620 4,48010 4,46401 4,48791 4,49182 4,49572 4,49963 4,50354 4,50745
1,730 4,51136 4,51527 4,51918 4,52310 4,52701 4,53093 4,53485 4,53877 4,54269 4,54661
1,740 .1 4,55053 I 4,55445 I 4,55838 I 4.56230 I 4.56623 I 4.57016 I 4,57409 I 4.57802 I 4.58195 I 4.58588
1,750 4,58982 4,59375 4,59769 4,60162 4,60556 4,60950 4,61344 4,61738 4,62133 4,62527
1,760 4,62921 4,63316 4,63711 4,64105 4,64500 4,64895 4,65291 4,65686 4,66081 4,66477
1,770 4,66872 4,67268 4,67664 4.68060 4.68456 4.68852 4.69248 4.69645 4.70041 4.70438
1,780 I 4,70834 I 4,71231 I 4,71628 4,72025 4,72422 ! 4,72820 I 4,73217
4,73615 1- 4,74012 4,74410
1,790 4,74808 4,75206 \ ~
4,75604 I 4,76002 I 4,76400 I 4,76799 I 4,77197 I 4,77596 I 4,77994 I 4,78393
1,800 I 4,78792 I 4,79191 4,79590 4,79990 4.80389 4.80788 4.81188 4.18588 4.81988 4.82388
1,810 I 4,82788 I 4,83188 I 4,83588 ! 4,83986 ! 4,84389 ! 4,64789 I 4,85190 I 4,85591
1- 4,%5992 [“-
4,86393
1,820 4,86794 4,87195 I ~
4,67597 4,87998 4,88400
I 1 4,88601 4,89203 4,89605 1 4,90007 4,90409
1,830 1 4,90812 i 4.91214 1 4,91616 4,92019 I 4.92422 4.92825 I 4.93227 I 4.93630 4.94034 4.94437
1,840
I 4,94840 4,95244 4,95647 4,96051 I 4,96455 4,96859
I 4,97263 I 4,97667 4,98071 I
4,98475
1,850 4,98880 I 4,99284 I 4,99689 I 5,00094 5,00499 I 5,00904 5,01309 5,01714 5,02119 5,02525
1,860 I 5,02930 I 5,03336 I 5<03741 I 5.04147 I 5.04553 I 5,04959 I 5.05366 I 5.05772 I 5.06178 I 5.06585
1,870
! 5,06991 ! 5,07398 I 5,07805 I 5,06212 I 5,08619 I 5,09026 5,09433 I 5,09841 I 5,10248 I 5,10656
1.88(O I 5,11064 I 5,11471 I 5,11879 I 5,12287 I 5,12696 I 5,13104 I 5,13512 I 5.13921 I 5,14329 I 5.14738
1,890
I 5,15147 I 5,15556 5,15965 I 5,16374 I 5,16783 5,17192 5,17602 I 5,18011 I 5,18421 I 5,18831
1,900 5,19241 5,19651 5,20061 5,20471 5,20881 5,22113 5,22523 5,22934
I 5,21292 I 5,21702
1,910 I 5,23345 I 5,23756 I 5,24167 I 5,24579 I 5,24990 I 5.25402 I 5.25813 I 5.26225 I 5,26637 I 5,27049
1,920 5,30348 5,30761
I 5,27461 I 5,27873 I 5,28285 ! 5,28697 I 5,29110 I 5,29522 I 5,29935 i I I 5,31174
1,930 5,31587 7 I 5,32000 I 5,32413 5,32627 I 5,33240 5,33654 I 5,34068 I 5,34461 I 5,34895 5,35309
1,940 1 5,35724 5,36138 5.36552 I 5.36967 5.37381 5.37796 5.38211 5.38626 5.39041 I 5.39456
1,950 5,39871 5,40287 5,40702 5,41117 5,41533 5,41949 5,42365 5,42781 5,43197 5,43613
1,960 5,44029 5,44446 5,44862 5,45279 5,45696 5,46112 5,46529 5,46946 5,47364 5,47781
1,970 5,48198 5,48616 5,49033 5,49451 5,49669 5,50287 5,50704 5,51123 5,51541 5,51959
1,980 5,52378 5,52796 5,53215 5,53633 5,54052 5,54471 5,54890 5,55309 5,55729 5,56148
1,990 5,56567 5,56987 5,57407 5,57827 5.58246 5,58666 5.59087 5.59507 5.59927 5.60347

39
IS 15362:2003
1s0 14139:2000

Table C.2 — Modular discharge over a triangular profile weir per metre of crest in terms of upstream head
(continued)

Modular discharge
q
Head
H
m3/s

Increments of head, H
m m

0,000 0,001 0,002 0,003 0,004 0,005 0,006 0,007 0,008 0,009

2,000 5,60768 5,61189 5,61609 5,62030 5,62451 5,62872 5,63293 5,63715 5,64136 5,64557
2,010 5,64979 5,65401 5,65822 5,66244 5,66666 5,67088 5.67511 5.67933 5.68355 5.68778
2,020
I 5,69200 I 5,69623 I 5,70046 I 5,70469 I 5,70892 I 5,71315 I 5,71738 I 5,72162 I 5,72585 I 5,73009
2,030 5,73432 5,73856 5,74280 5,74704 5,75128 5,75552 5,75977 5,76401 5,76826 5.77250
2,040 5,77675 5,78100 5,78525 5,78950 5,79375 5,79800 5,80225 5;80651 5,81076 5s1502
2,050 5,81928 5,82354 5,82779 5,83206 5,83632 5,84058 5,84484 5,84911 5,85337 5,85764
2,060 5,86191 5,86618 5.87045 5.87472 5,87899 5.68326 5.88754 5.89181 5.89609 5.90037
2,070
I 5,90464 I 5,90892 5,91320 I 5,91749
5,92177 I 5,92605 5,93034 5,93462 I 5,93891 I 5,94319
2,080 5,94748 5,95177 I 5,95606 “1 5,96035 I 5,98465 5,96894 I 5,97324 I 5,97753 5.98183 5.98613
2,090 5,99043 5,99472 5,99903 6,00333 6,00763 6,01193 I 6,01624 6,02055 6,02485 6,02916
2,100 6,03347 6,03778 6,04209 6,04640 6,05072 6,05503 6,05935 6,06366 6,06798 6,07230
2,110 6,07662 6,08094 6,08526 6,08958 6,09391 6.09823 1 6,10256 6,10688 6.11121 6.11554
2,120 6,11987 6,12420 6,12853 6,13286 6,13720 6,14153 6,14587 6,15020 6,15454 6,15888
2,130 6,16322 6,16756 6,17190 6,17624 6,18059 6,18493 6,18928 6,19363 6,19797 6,20232
2,140 6,20667 6,21102 6.21538 6,21973 6.22408 6.22844 6.23279 6.23715 6.24151 6.24587
2,150 6,25023 6,25459 6,25895 6,26332 6,26768 6,27204 6,27641 6,28078 6,28515 6,28952
2,160 6,29389 6,29826 6,30263 6,30700 6,31138 6,31575 6,32013 6,32451 6,32888 6,33326
2,170 6,33784 6,34202 6.34641 6.35079 6.355 t8 6.35956 6.36395 6.36833 6.37272 6.3n11
2,180 I 6,38150 6,38589 I 6,39029 6,39468 I 6,39907 6,40347 1 6,40767 6,41226 l– 6,41666 [ 6,42106
2,190 6,42546 [ 6,42986 6,43427 6,44307 6,45629
I 6,43867 I 6,44748 6,45169 I 6,46070 6,46511
2,200 6,46952 6,47393 6,47835 6,48276 6,48717 6,49159 6,49601 6,50042 6,50484 6,50926
2,210 6,51368 6,51810 6,52253 6,52695 6,53138 6,53580 6,54023 6,54465 6,549 OS 6,55351
2,220 6,55794 6,56238 6,56681 6.57124 6.57568 6.58011 6.58455 6.58899 6.59342 6.59786
2,230 6,60230 6,60675 6,61119 6,61563 6,62008 6,62452 6,62897 6,63342 6,63786 6,64231
2,240 6,64676 6,65122 6,65567 6,66012 6,66458 6,66903 6,67349 6,67794 6,68240 6,66686
2,250 6,69132 6,69578 6,70025 6,70471 6,70917 6,71384 6,71811 6,72257 6,72704 6,73151
2,260 6,73598 6,74045 6,74492 6,74940 6,75387 6,75635 6,76282 6,76730 6,77178 6,77626
2,270 6,78074 6,78522 6,78970 6,79418 6,79867 6,80315 6,80764 6,81213 6,81662 6,82110
2,280 6,82559 6,83009 6,83458 6,83907 6,84356 6,84806 6,85256 6,65705 6,86155 6,86605
2,290 6,87055 6,87505 6,87955 6,88405 6,88856 6,89306 6,69757 6,90208 6,90658 6,91109
2,300 6,91560 6,92011 6,92462 6,92914 6,93365 6,93816 6,94268 6,94720 6,95171 6,95623
2,310 6,96075 6,96527 6,96979 6,97432 6,97864 6,98336 6,98789 6,99242 6,99694 7,00147
2,320 7,00600 7,01053 7,01506 7,01959 7,02413 7,02666 7,03320 7,03773 7,04227 7,04681
2,330 7,05135 7,05589 7,06043 7,06497 7,06951 “7,074 06 7,07860 7,08315 7,08769 7,09224
2,340 7,09679 7,10134 7,10589 7,11044 7,11500 7,11955 7,12410 7,12866 7,13322 7,137n
2,350 7,14233 7,14689 7,15145 7,15601 7,16058 7,16514 7,16970 7,17427 7,17883 7,18340
2,360 7,18797 7,19254 7,19711 7,20168 7,20625 7,21082 7,21540 7,21997 7,22455 7,22913
2,370 7,23370 7,23828 7,24286 7,24744 7,25202 7,25661 7,26119 7,26578 7,27036 7,27495
2,380 I 7,27954 7,28412
I 7,28871 I 7,29330 7,29789 7,30249 I 7,30706 I 7,31167 7,31627 I 7,32087
2,390 7,32546 I 7,33006 7,33466 7,36688
7,33926 I 7,34386 7,34846 7,35307 7,35767 1 7,36227

4(?
 IS 15362 : 2003
1s0 14139 :2000

Table C.2 — Modular discharge over a triangular profile weir per metre of crest in terms of upstream head
(continued)

Modular discharge

1-----
[1
Head
1{ m31s

Increments of head, H
m m

I 0,030 I 0,001 \ 0,002 I 0,003 I 0,004 \ 0,005 I 0,006 I 0,007 I 0,008 I 0,009
,
2,400 7,37149 7,37609 7,38070 7,38531 7,38992 7,39453 7,39915 7,40376 7,40837 7,41299
2,410 7,41761 7,42222 7,42684 7,43146 7,43608 7,44070 7,44532 7,44995 7,45457 7,45920
2,420 7,46382 7,46845 7,47308 7,47771 7,48233 7,48697 7,49160 7,49623 7,50086 “7,50550
2,430 751013 751477 7,51941 7,52404 7,52868 7,53332 7.53797 7,54261 7,54725 7,55189
2,440 7,55654 7,561 1!3 7,56553 7,57048 7,57513 7,57978 7.58443 7,58908 7.59373 7,59839
2,450 7,60304 7,60770 7,61235 7,61701 7,62167 7,62633 7,63099 7,63565 7,64031 7,64497
2,460 7,64964 7,65430 7,65897 7,66364 7,66830 7,67297 7,67764 7,68231 7,68698 7,69166
2,470 7,69633 7,70100 7,70568 7,71036 7,71503 7,71971 7,72439 7,72907 7,73375 7,73843
2,480 7,74321 7,74780 7,75248 7,75717 7,76186 7,76654 7,77123 7,77592 7,78061 7,78530
2,490 7,79000 7,79469 7,79938 7,80408 7,80877 7,81347 7,81817 7,82287 7,82757 7,83227
2,500 7,83697 7,84167 7,84638 7,85108 7,85579 7,86049 7,86520 7,86991 7,87462 7,87933
2,510 7,88404 7,88875 7,89346 7,89818 7,90289 7,90761 7,91233 7,91704 7,92176 7,92648
2,520 7,93120 7,93592 7,94065 7,94537 “7,95009 7,95482 7,95954 7,96427 7,96900 7,97373
2,530 7,97846 7,98319 7,98792 7,99265 7,99739 8.00212 8,00686 8,01159 8,01633 8,02107
2,540 8,02581 8,03055 8,03529 8,04003 8,04477 8.04952 8,05426 8,05901 8,06376 8,06850
2,550 9,07325 8,07800 8,08275 8,08750 8,09225 8,09701 8,10176 8,10652 8,11127 8,11603
2,560 8,12079 8,12555 8,13031 8,13507 8,13983 8,14459 8,14935 8,15412 8,T5888 8,16365
2,570 8,16842 8,17318 8,17795 8,18272 8,18749 8,19227 8,19704 8,20181 8,20659 8.21136
.2,580 I 8,21614 I 8,22092 I 8,22569 I 8,23047 I 8,23525 I 8,24003 ! 8,24482 t 8,24960 I 8.25438 I 8.25917
2,590 8,26395 8,26874 8,27353 8,27832 8,28311 8,28790 8,29269 8,29748 8,30227 8,30707
2,600 8,31186 8,31666 8,32145 8,32625 8,33105 8,33585 8,34065 8,34545 8,35025 8,35506
2,610 8,35986 8,36466 8,36947 8,37428 8,37908 8,38389 8,38870 8,39351 8,39832 8,40314
2,620 8,40795 8,41276 8,41758 8,42240 8,42721 8,43203 8,43685 8,44167 8,44649 8,45131
2,630 8,45613 8,46096 8,46578 8,47061 8,47543 8,48026 8,48509 8,48992 8,49475 8,49958
2,640 8,50441 8,50924 8,51407 8,51891 8,52374 8,52858 8,53342 8,53826 8,54309 8,54793
2,650 8,55277 8,55762 8,56246 8,56730 8,57215 8,57699 8,58184 8,58669 8,59153 8,59638
2,660 8,60123 8,60608 8,61093 8,61579 8,62064 8,62550 8,63035 8,63521 8,64006 8,64492
‘2,670 8,64978 8,65464 8,65950 8,66436 8,66923 8,67409 8,67895 8,68382 8,68869 8,69355
2,680 8,69842 8.70329 8,70816 8.71303 8.71790 8.72277 8.72765 8.73252 8.73740 874227
2.690 I 8.74715 I 875203 I 875691 I ,L77617~ I 876667 I 877155 I 877643 I F17R1W I R7Fifi70 i Rmlnq

NOTE 1 Substituting total heads in this table will yield discharges. If gauged heads are used the value should bt
multiplied by the appropriate Cv (see Table C.1 ).

NOTE 2 To use Table C.2, evaluate the modular discharge (in m3/s) from this table, the appropriate value of the heat
(in m) is inserted as a combination of the values in the first column and in the first row (above the horizontal rule).
EXAMPLE The value of modular discharge corresponding to a head of 0,243 is given at the intersection formed b!
the horizontal line from 0,240 with the vertical line from 0,003, and the modular discharge is therefore = 0,23749

41
(Continued from second cover)

/nternationa/ Standard Corresponding Indian Standard Degree of

Equivalence

ISO 4362 : 1999 Hydrometric 1S/1S0 4362:1992 Measurement of liquid Identical (1S/
determinations —-Flow measure- flow in open channels—Trapezoidal profile ISO 4362:1992
ment in open channels using weirs is under revision
structures —Trapezoidal broad- based on ISO
crested weirs 4362:1.999)

ISO 4374 : 1990 Liquid flow IS 13084:1991 Liquid flow measurement in identical
measurement in open channels — open channels— Round-nose horizontal
Round-nose horizontal broad- broad-crested weirs
crested weirs

ISO 4377 : 1990 Liquid flow IS 13083:1991 Liquid flow measurement in do

measurement in open channels — open channels— Flat-V-weirs
Flat-V-weirs

iSO/TR 5168 : 1998 Measure- No corresponding Indian Standard do

ment of fluid flow— Evaluation of (However an Indian Standard is under
uncertainties preparation based on iSO/TR 5168:1998
‘Measurement of fluid flow— Evaluation of
uncertainties’)

ISO 8333 : 1985 Liquid flow IS 15353:2003 Liquid flow measurement do

measurement in open channels in open channels by weirs and flumes —
by weirs and flumes—V-shaped V-shaped broad-crested weirs
broad-crested weirs

ISO 8368 : 1999 Hydrometric IS 12752:1989 Guidelines for the selection Technically
determinations — Flow measure- of flow gauging structures equivalent
ments in open channels using
structures-Guidelines for
selection of structure

ISO 9826:1992 Measurement of IS 14371:1996 Measurement of liquid flow do

liquid flow in open channels— in open channels — Parshall and SANIIRI
Parshall and SANIIRI flumes flumes

ISO 9827:-1994 Measurement of IS 14975:2001 Measurement of liquid flow Identical

liquid flow in open channels by in open channels by weirs and flumes—
weirs and flumes — Streamlined Streamlined triangular profile weirs
triangular profile weirs
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This Indian Standard has been developed from Dot: No. WRD 1 (348). ,,
1
Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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