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Assignment2 Spring2024

This document contains two questions regarding industrial process control. Question 1 involves modeling the concentration of a waste chemical flowing through two reactors in series to remove at least 90% of the chemical. It asks to derive the steady state concentrations, linearize the model, and define the state space matrices. Question 2 considers a stirred-tank heater example, asks to verify steady state values, derive the state space model matrices, develop a MATLAB function to simulate the system, and analyze step changes in jacket flow rate on the linearized model. The document then discusses using pilot plants to understand scale effects before full manufacturing process design.

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26 views

Assignment2 Spring2024

This document contains two questions regarding industrial process control. Question 1 involves modeling the concentration of a waste chemical flowing through two reactors in series to remove at least 90% of the chemical. It asks to derive the steady state concentrations, linearize the model, and define the state space matrices. Question 2 considers a stirred-tank heater example, asks to verify steady state values, derive the state space model matrices, develop a MATLAB function to simulate the system, and analyze step changes in jacket flow rate on the linearized model. The document then discusses using pilot plants to understand scale effects before full manufacturing process design.

Uploaded by

hamza.shahid8868
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EE-443 Industrial Process Control

Assignment 2
CLO-1

Question # 1

A stream contains a waste chemical, W, with a concentration of 1 mol/liter. To


meet Environmental Protection Agency and state standards, at least 90% of the
chemical must be removed by reaction. The chemical decomposes by a second-
order reaction with a rate constant of 1.5 liter/(mol hr). The stream flow rate is
100 liter/hour and two available reactors (400 and 2000 liters) have been placed
in series (the smaller reactor is placed before the larger one).
1. Write the modeling equations for the concentration of the waste chemical.
Assume constant volume and constant density. Let
Cw1 = concentration in reactor 1, mol/liter
Cw2 = concentration in reactor 2, mol/liter
F = volumetric flow rate, liter/hr
V1 = liquid volume in reactor 1, liters
V2 = liquid volume in reactor 2, liters
k = second-order rate constant, liter/(mol hr)
2. Show that the steady-state concentrations are 0.33333 mol/liter (reactor 1)
and 0.09005 mol/liter (reactor 2), so the specification is met.
(Hint: You need to solve quadratic equations to obtain the concentrations.)
3. Linearize at steady state and develop the state space model (analytical) of
the form

Where,
4. Show that the A and B matrices are

(also, show the units associated with each coefficient).


5. Assuming that each state is an output, show that the C and D matrices are

Question # 2

Consider Example 2.5, the stirred-tank heater example. Read and work
through the example. Use the following parameters and steady-state values:
Fs = 1 ft3/min ρcp = 61.3 Btu/(°F · ft3) ρjcpj = 61.3 Btu/(°F · ft3)

Tis = 50°F Ts = 125°F V = 10 ft3

Tjis = 200°F Tjs = 150°F Vj = 2.5 ft3

1. By solving the steady-state equations, verify that the following values


obtained for UA (overall heat transfer coefficient * area for heat transfer)
and Fjs (steady-state jacket flow rate) are correct:

2. Find the values of the matrices in the state space model.


3. Write a function file, heater.m (example shown below), to be used with
ode45 (Module 3) to solve the two nonlinear ordinary differential equations.
4. First, verify that the steady-state state variable values are correct by
simulating the process with no change in the jacket flow rate.
5. Now, perform simulations for small and large step changes in the jacket flow
rate. Use the MATLAB step command to solve for the linear state space
model. Realize that the step results are based on deviation variables and for a
unit step change in input one (jacket flow rate) and convert the linear states
to physical variable form.
We now consider the important issue of scale-up: Pilot plants are small-scale
(intermediate between lab-scale and full-size manufacturing-scale) chemical
processes, used to understand process operating behavior before the manufacturing
process is designed. Here we discover the effect of vessel scale on the heat transfer
removal capability of a vessel.

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