Objectives

• After the training, participants

will
be abletodemonstrate wit
confidence the proper and h
safe
materials handling in accordance
to the Occupational Safety and
Health Standards, thus,
completing the job with pride.
Ergonomics
• Ergonomics is described as “fitting the
job to the person, rather than the person
to the job”.
• The ergonomic approach therefore looks
at manual handling as a whole, taking
into account a range of relevant factors
including the nature of the task, the
load, the working environment and
individual capability.
WHAT is Ergonomics Hazards
• Refers to the workplace conditions that pose
the risk of injury in the musculoskeletal
system of the worker
Mostfamiliar example: Carpal tunnel
syndrome
• Include repetitive and forcefulmovements,
vibration and temperature extremes and
awkward postures that arise from improper
work methods and improperly designed
work station, tools and equipments
Facts to be
Considered:
• Sprains and strains
arise from the
incorrect
application and/or
prolongation of bodily
force.
• Poor posture and
excessive repetition
of
movement can be
important factors
their in
onset.
Facts to be
Considered:
• Many manua handling
injurie l are cumulativ
s tha e
being trul
rather n
attributable any y
handling
to incident. single
• A full recovery is not always
made; the result can be
physical impairment or even
permanent disability.
 MANUAL
HANDLING
AND
STORAGE
What Makes Manual
Material Handling
Hazardous?
Load too heavy
May have a shape that makes it
hard to handle
Wet, slippery, or have sharp edges
Unstable or can shift its center of gravity
Too big or high to block your frontal vision
Located too high or low for a safe lift

9
Material Handling Injuries

❑ Wrong or Improper Lifting

of Objects and Improper
Body Posture are the major
causes of Back and Body
Injuries in the work place
❑ Improper storing and
handling of material and
equipment can cause
struck by and crushed by
injuries
Carrying and Materials Handling:
❑ Use Tools for Easy Grips
❑ Use the Right Techniques
❑ Use Handling Equipment or
Power Vehicle to make your
job easier
❑ Wear Appropriate PPE
Carrying and Materials
Handling:
❑ Use Tools for Easy
Grips
▪ Crow Bars

▪ Hooks

▪ Ropes

▪ Chains

▪ Steel and Plastic Strap

 Carrying and Materials
Handling:
❑ Use the Right Techniques

▪ Use a stool or platform when

moving things from high places
▪ See if you can break the load into
smaller pieces.
▪ Get help if you think you might
need it, especially if the load is too
heavy.
▪ For a two-person lift, work with
someone your almost same height.
Lifting and Carrying

STAND Bend your

close to Let your
knees - not
the load legs do
your back!
the lifting

Get Help
with heavy Use the
or awkward right
loads! tools!
- Lifting and Carrying -
RULES FOR LIFTING

■ Never Bend, Lift, and

Twist at the same
time!
■ Use mechanical aids or
assistance when
possible.
■ Bend your knees and
use your legs to lift!
 Proper Lifting
■ Plan the Lift.
❑ Before attempting to lift or move
something heavy, it is important to step
back and analyze what needs to be
accomplished.
❑ Think about how heavy the object is,
how far it has to be moved, where it is
going to end up?
❑ What is the shape of the object?
❑ Is it cumbersome, will it be easily
manipulated?
❑ Is it a two-person job? Is there anything
in the way that needs to be moved prior Figure 1
to lifting?
❑ Stand directly in front of the load, with
for balance.
feet ( See Figure
about shoulder width1)apart.
 Proper Lifting
• Correct Positioning.
• Get Help if Needed. If the
load is too heavy, DON'T
TRY TO LIFT IT ALONE.
• Find someone who can help
carry it, or if possible, break
the load into two smaller,
more manageable loads.
• Bend the knees and tighten
the stomach muscles.
• Using both hands, grasp the
object firmly and pull it as
close as possible to your
body. (See Figure 2 and 3)
Figure 2
Proper Lifting
■ Lift With the Legs -- NOT THE
BACK.
❑ Since leg muscles are stronger than
back muscles, lift with the legs, until
they are straightened.
❑ Avoid jerky movements.
❑ Keep the natural curve in the spine;
don't bend at the waist.
❑ To turn, move the feet around by
pivoting on the toes, not by twisting
at the stomach. (See Figure 4)

Figure 3
 Proper Lifting

■ When it is time to set the load

down, it is very important that it is
done correctly. Reverse the
procedures for lifting to minimize
the strain on the back. If the load
is going to set on the floor, bend
the knees and position the load in
front of you. If the load is to go at
table height, set it down and keep
in contact with the load until it is
secure on the table.

Figure 4
Some Manual Lifting
Techniques
• Carry long objects like
lumber or pipe over
your shoulder
• Be careful the ends,
don’t hit anyone.
• Put visual warning tag
at the end of carry
long objects
Some Manual Lifting
Techniques
• Pick up Bags or Sacks at opposite top bottom corners.
• Raise the load to your waist and rest it your hip,
then move the load up rest your shoulder.
• Remember, don’t twist the waist
Proper Lifting and Handling of
Load
5. Don’t
jerk.
1. Stop and
think.

6. Move the feet.

2. Place the
feet. 7. Keep close to the load

3. Adopt a good
posture.
8. Put down,
then
4. Get a firm adjust.
grip.
MECHANICAL
HANDLING OF
LOADS
 Carrying and Materials
Handling:
❑ Use Handling Equipment orPower
Vehicle to make your job easier
▪ Push Cart or Trolley
▪ Hand Pallet
▪ Forklift
▪ Elevator
▪ Conveyor
▪ and etc…
Power Vehicles - Hand Pallet
Truck
❑ Don’t use powered hand truck unless you’ve
been trained and have permission.
❑ Follow manufacturer’s instruction and
guidelines:
▪ Face the direction you’re traveling, keep one
hand on the handle
▪ Walk don’t run
Power Vehicles – Hand Pallet
Truck
▪ Lead the truck from the right
or left of the handle and don’t
walk in-front of it.
▪ Keep your legs and
away from the moving parts
clothes
▪ Don’t ride the truck or
take a riders unless it’s
designed for that purposed
▪ Stop at corners, doorways, etc,
and always give
pedestrians the right of
way
Forklift for moving and lifting
materials

…but there are risks if you don’t put

safety first, must have proper
Training.
 DO’
✔s inspect the forklift daily and
have any problems fixed
before you use it.
✔ Keep loads low and balance
with the mast tilted slightly
back
✔ Keep wide loads centered
✔ Refuel or recharge only in
designated areas
DO’
s Wear
✔ hard hat if
required
✔ Travel with the load
uphill on inclines
✔ Drive in reverse if the
load blocks your vision
except on grades
✔ Back out slowly after
unloading, checking over
your shoulder
 How to drive on the slop.

Going - up Going - down

Others can be injured or killed if they walk
under the load, trip over the forks, or are hit
by forks or improperly loaded materials.
DON’T
❖
s carry passengers or
lift people
❖ load beyond rated
capacity
❖ carry load so high that it
can cause the forklift to
tip over
❖ raise or lower loads
while you’re moving
❖ travel with forks
raised when unloaded
Follow Common Sense Traffic and Driving
Rules:
don’t speed, max, speed
8~10 kph.
stay on the lookout for
pedestrian
slow down for turns and
on wet or slippery floor
surfaces
stop and blow your horn at
crossings, blind corners or
before reversing
Elevator
s
❑ Be sure the elevator is in
place and level before
entering
❑ Use controls, not blocks,
wedges, or your body to
hold doors open
❑ Don’toverload beyond
rated capacity
Conveyor
s Only use conveyors if
❑ you’re trained and
authorized to do so, and:
❑ Go around not over or under a conveyor
❑ Keep body parts and clothing away from moving parts,
never loose clothing or long hair.
❑ Watch out for materials that could fall from belt or
rollers
❑ Know where emergency stop switches are located
❑ Never let anyone ride a conveyor
Hoist and Derrick -
Crane
❑ Know and stay within, load capacity
❑ Inspect regularly for worn or damaged parts
❑ Have loads centered and directly below before
lifting
❑ Don’t let ropes get kinked or twisted.
❑ Make sure other workers are out ofdanger
range before moving parts
Wear your
PPE
❑Eyes Protection
❑ Wear Safety glasses and other eye protection when needed
❑ Watch out for wire, cable, or straps that could poke your
eyes
❑ Hand Protection
❑ Wear gloves or other hand protectors and follow safety
guidelines
❑ Check for splinters, and rough, pointed or jagged edges, or
slippery surfaces before pick up items
❑ Keep fingers away from pinch points
❑ Use handles, holders or other aids whenever possible.
❑ Feet Protection
❑ Don’t get your toes or feet crushed
❑ Wear steel-toed safety shoes with nonskid soles.
Examples of Handling
Aids

Roller conveyors. Note rotating lift table in the background

Examples of Handling
Aids

Moving large sheet materials

Examples of Handling
Aids

Small hydraulic lorry loading crane

Examples of Handling
Aids

Bathing a Patient
Simple low tech Sack Trolley
Examples of Handling
Aids

Electric Hoist Mobile Gantry Power Vacuum Lifter

Proper Lifting and Handling of
Load

Before

After
Avoiding an obstructed lift. Organize the workplace so that the
handler can get close to the load as possible.
Proper Lifting and Handling of
Load

Hand position when pushing.

Using the strong leg muscle.

Handling and Storage
of Materials and
Chemicals
Pointers for Safety Storage of
Materials:
1. Materials that can react with each other should
be stored in separate areas.
2. Storage areas should be well ventilated &
lighted.
3. In storage areas of flammable materials,
explosion proof lighting fixtures & switches are
to be used.
4. Storage areas should be provided with fire
extinguishers located at strategic places & are
accessible.
Storage ofSpecific
Materials
■ Temporary & permanent storage should be
secure, neat & orderly
■ Allow adequate ceiling clearance under the
sprinklers (18-36”)
■ Keep all the exits & aisles clear at all times
■ Use bins & racks to facilitate storage &
reduce hazards
■ Segregation & isolation
■ 6 m safe distance
■ Cartons…..Lumbers…..Bagged
materials…..Barrels…..Pipes…..Liquid containers…..Paints
&
thinners…..Gasoline / diesel…..Oxygen & acetylene cylinders