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AMM12118

This document summarizes the solution to Problem 12118 from the American Mathematical Monthly. The problem asks to compute the sum from n=0 to infinity of 1/(2mn+Fm) + iFm, where m is an odd integer and Fn is the nth Fibonacci number. The solution uses an identity involving Fibonacci numbers and shows that the sum telescopes to (1/F2m - i/F2m)(φ-m + F2m/(Fm(1-iφm))).

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24 views1 page

AMM12118

This document summarizes the solution to Problem 12118 from the American Mathematical Monthly. The problem asks to compute the sum from n=0 to infinity of 1/(2mn+Fm) + iFm, where m is an odd integer and Fn is the nth Fibonacci number. The solution uses an identity involving Fibonacci numbers and shows that the sum telescopes to (1/F2m - i/F2m)(φ-m + F2m/(Fm(1-iφm))).

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Problem 12118

(American Mathematical Monthly, Vol.126, June-July 2019)

Proposed by H. Ohtsuka (Japan).

Compute
∞
X 1
F
n=0 2mn
+ iFm
where m is an odd integer and Fn is the n-th Fibonacci number.

Solution proposed by Roberto Tauraso, Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Roma “Tor


Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy.

Solution. By using the known identity

Fi+j Fi+k − Fi Fi+j+k = (−1)i Fj Fk

with i, j, k ∈ Z, it follows that for any odd integer m, Fm = F−m and


2 2 2 2
F2nm+m F2nm−m − F2nm = Fm =⇒ F(2n+1)m F(2n−1)m = F2nm + Fm
F2nm Fm /F2m Fm /F2m
Fm F2nm−m − F−m F2nm+m = −F2m F2nm =⇒ = −
F(2n+1)m F(2n−1)m F(2n−1)m F(2n+1)m
Fm F2nm /F2m F(2n−2)m /F2m
F2nm+m F2nm−2m − F2nm F2nm−m = −Fm F2m =⇒ = − .
F(2n+1)m F(2n−1)m F(2n+1)m F(2n−1)m

Therefore,
1 F2nm − iFm F2mn − iFm
= 2 2
=
F2mn + iFm F2nm + Fm F(2n+1)m F(2n−1)m
F(2n−2)m
   
Fm 1 1 i F2nm
= − − −
F2m F(2n−1)m F(2n+1)m F2m F(2n+1)m F(2n−1)m

Hence the given sum is telescopic:


∞ ∞  ∞ 
F(2n−2)m
 
X 1 Fm X 1 1 i X F2nm
= − − −
F
n=0 2mn
+ iFm F2m n=0 F(2n−1)m F(2n+1)m F2m n=0 F(2n+1)m F(2n−1)m
 
Fm i F−2m
= − φ−m −
F2m F−m F2m F−m
1 − iφm
 
1 i F2m
= − φ−m + =
F2m F2m Fm F2m
√
where φ = (1 + 5)/2 and by the Binet’s formula

F2nm F2m
lim = φ−m and = φm − φ−m .
n→∞ F(2n+1)m Fm

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