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Project data
Project name
Project number
Author
Description
Date 31-Jul-23
Design code EN

Material
Steel S 235, S 355
Concrete C25/30

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Project item Connection of Purlin

Design
Name Connection of Purlin
Description
Analysis Stress, strain/ simplified loading

Beams and columns

β– γ- α- Offset Offset Offset
Forces
Name Cross-section Direction Pitch Rotation ex ey ez
in
[°] [°] [°] [mm] [mm] [mm]
2-
B1 90.0 0.0 0.0 -200 100 0 Node
50x100x2.5(BoxFl100x(50/50))
B2 10 - U180 180.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 Node

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Cross-sections
Name Material
2-
S 235
50x100x2.5(BoxFl100x(50/50))
10 - U180 S 235
15 - L70 S 235

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Cross-sections
Name Material Drawing

2-
S 235
50x100x2.5(BoxFl100x(50/50))

10 - U180 S 235

15 - L70 S 235

Bolts
Diameter fu Gross area
Name Bolt assembly
[mm] [MPa] [mm2]
M12 4.6 M12 4.6 12 400.0 113

Load effects (equilibrium not required)

N Vy Vz Mx My Mz
Name Member
[kN] [kN] [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kNm]
LE1 B1 0.1 0.2 -3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

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Check

Summary
Name Value Status
Analysis 100.0% OK
Plates 0.0 < 5.0% OK
Bolts 21.4 < 100% OK
Buckling Not calculated

Plates
Thickness σEd εPl σcEd
Name Loads Status
[mm] [MPa] [%] [MPa]
B1-tfl 1 2.5 LE1 24.3 0.0 0.0 OK
B1-bfl 1 2.5 LE1 24.6 0.0 0.0 OK
B1-w 1 2.5 LE1 119.4 0.0 0.1 OK
B1-w 2 2.5 LE1 43.4 0.0 0.0 OK
B2-bfl 1 5.0 LE1 21.3 0.0 0.0 OK
B2-tfl 1 5.0 LE1 106.7 0.0 8.8 OK
B2-w 1 5.0 LE1 117.2 0.0 0.0 OK
SM1-bfl 1 6.0 LE1 44.7 0.0 23.6 OK
SM1-w 1 6.0 LE1 43.7 0.0 23.6 OK

Design data

fy εlim
Material
[MPa] [%]
S 235 235.0 5.0

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Overall check, LE1

Strain check, LE1

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Equivalent stress, LE1

Bolts
Ft,Ed V Utt Fb,Rd Uts Utts
Name Grade Loads Detailing Status
[kN] [kN] [%] [kN] [%] [%]

B1 M12 4.6 - 1 LE1 1.5 0.2 6.0 39.8 1.4 5.7 OK OK

B2 M12 4.6 - 2 LE1 0.2 3.4 1.0 21.6 20.7 21.4 OK OK

Design data
Ft,Rd Bp,Rd Fv,Rd
Name
[kN] [kN] [kN]
M12 4.6 - 1 24.3 51.6 16.2
M12 4.6 - 2 24.3 25.8 16.2

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Detailed result for B1

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd =
​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 24.3 kN ≥ Ft =​ 1.5 kN

where:
k2 = 0.90 ​ – Factor
fub = 400.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
​

As = 84 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.4)

0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 51.6 kN ≥ Ft =
​ 1.5 kN

where:
dm = 19 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever
is smaller
tp = 5 mm
​ – Thickness

fu = 360.0 MPa – Ultimate strength

​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 16.2 kN ≥ V = 0.2 kN

where:
βp = 1.00 ​ – Reducing factor
αv = 0.60 ​ – Reducing factor

fub = 400.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

​

A = 84 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.4)

k1 αb fu dt
Fb,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 39.8 kN ≥ V = 0.2 kN

where:
e2 p2 – Factor for edge distance and bolt spacing perpendicular to
k1 = min(2.8 − 1.7, 1.4 − 1.7, 2.5) = 2.50
​ ​

the direction of load transfer

​ ​ ​

d0 d0 ​ ​

e1 p1 1 fub – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 0.92
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu transfer

​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 30 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force
p2 = ∞ mm
​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 13 mm
​ – Bolt hole diameter
e1 = 36 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = ∞ mm
​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 400.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 360.0 MPa
​ – Ultimate strength

d = 12 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 5 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = ​

Fv,Rd
​

​
​ + 1.4Ft,Rd
​

​
​ = 5.7 %

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
Utt =
​

min(Ft,Rd ;Bp,Rd ) ​
​

​
​ = 6.0 %

Utilization in shear
VEd
Uts = ​

min(Fv,Rd ;Fb,Rd ) ​
​

​
​ = 1.4 %

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Detailed result for B2

Tension resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.4)
k2 fub As
Ft,Rd =
​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 24.3 kN ≥ Ft =​ 0.2 kN

where:
k2 = 0.90 ​ – Factor
fub = 400.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
​

As = 84 mm2 ​ – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Punching resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.4)

0.6πdm tp fu
Bp,Rd = ​

γM 2
​

​
​ ​

​ = 25.8 kN ≥ Ft =
​ 0.2 kN

where:
dm = 19 mm ​
– The mean of the across points and across flats dimensions of the bolt head or the nut, whichever
is smaller
tp = 3 mm
​ – Thickness
fu = 360.0 MPa – Ultimate strength
​

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Shear resistance check (EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.4)

βp αv fub A
Fv,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 16.2 kN ≥ V = 3.4 kN

where:
βp = 1.00 ​ – Reducing factor
αv = 0.60 ​ – Reducing factor
fub = 400.0 MPa – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
​

A = 84 mm2 – Tensile stress area of the bolt

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

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Bearing resistance check (EN 1993-1-5 tab 8.4)

2.5αb kt fu dt
Fb,Rd = ​

γM 2
​ ​

​
​

​ = 21.6 kN ≥ V = 3.3 kN

where:
kt = min( 0.8t+1.5
​

2.5 , 1.0) = 1.00 – Thickness factor

e1 p1 1 fub
αb = min( , − , , 1) = 1.00 – Factor for end distance and bolt spacing in direction of load transfer
​ ​ ​

3d0 3d0 4 fu
​ ​ ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​

e2 = 125 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge perpendicular to the shear force
p2 = ∞ mm ​ – Distance between bolts perpendicular to the shear force

d0 = 13 mm ​ – Bolt hole diameter

e1 = 62 mm
​ – Distance to the plate edge in the direction of the shear force

p1 = ∞ mm ​ – Distance between bolts in the direction of the shear force

fub = 400.0 MPa ​ – Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt

fu = 360.0 MPa​ – Ultimate strength

d = 12 mm – Nominal diameter of the fastener

t = 3 mm – Thickness of the plate

γM 2 = 1.25 ​ – Safety factor

Interaction of tension and shear (EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.4)

Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
Utts = ​

Fv,Rd
​

​
​ + 1.4Ft,Rd
​

​
​ = 21.4 %

Utilization in tension
Ft,Ed
Utt =
​

min(Ft,Rd ;Bp,Rd ) ​
​

​
​ = 1.0 %

Utilization in shear
VEd
Uts = ​

min(Fv,Rd ;Fb,Rd ) ​
​

​
​ = 20.7 %

Bolts: B2 There is a gap between connected plates. Bolts should be designed as pins. Provided resistances of bolts in shear and
plates in bearing may be incorrect

Buckling
Buckling analysis was not calculated.

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Symbol explanation
Symbol Symbol explanation
εPl Strain
σEd Eq. stress
fy Yield strength
εlim Limit of plastic strain
Ft,Rd Bolt tension resistance EN 1993-1-8 tab. 3.4
Bp,Rd Punching shear resistance
Ft,Ed Tension force
V Resultant of shear forces Vy, Vz in bolt
Fv,Rd Bolt shear resistance EN_1993-1-8 table 3.4
Fb,Rd Plate bearing resistance EN 1993-1-8 tab. 3.4
Utt Utilization in tension
Uts Utilization in shear

Code settings
Item Value Unit Reference
γM0 1.00 - EN 1993-1-1: 6.1
γM1 1.00 - EN 1993-1-1: 6.1
γM2 1.25 - EN 1993-1-1: 6.1
γM3 1.25 - EN 1993-1-8: 2.2
γC 1.50 - EN 1992-1-1: 2.4.2.4
γInst 1.20 - EN 1992-4: Table 4.1
Joint coefficient βj 0.67 - EN 1993-1-8: 6.2.5
Effective area - influence of mesh size 0.10 -
Friction coefficient - concrete 0.25 - EN 1993-1-8
Friction coefficient in slip-resistance 0.30 - EN 1993-1-8 tab 3.7
Limit plastic strain 0.05 - EN 1993-1-5
Weld stress evaluation Plastic redistribution
Detailing Yes
Distance between bolts [d] 2.20 - EN 1993-1-8: tab 3.3
Distance between bolts and edge [d] 1.20 - EN 1993-1-8: tab 3.3
Concrete breakout resistance check Both EN 1992-4: 7.2.1.4 and 7.2.2.5
Use calculated αb in bearing check. Yes EN 1993-1-8: tab 3.4
Cracked concrete Yes EN 1992-4
Local deformation check Yes CIDECT DG 1, 3 - 1.1
Local deformation limit 0.03 - CIDECT DG 1, 3 - 1.1
Geometrical nonlinearity (GMNA) Yes Analysis with large deformations for hollow section joints
Braced system No EN 1993-1-8: 5.2.2.5

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