46 TRIBHUVNN I.JNIVERSITY Exam.

Resular
iNSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING BE Full Marks 80

Examination Control Division Programmc BCT Pass Marks i 32

2070 Bhadra Year / Part III / II Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Object Oriented Analysis and Design Gr6st)

r' Candidates are required to give their answers in their orvn words as far as practicable.
/ Anempl A!!questions.
./ Thefigtres in the margin indicate Full Mnrks.
/ Assume suilable data if necessary.

35
I S/hat are the differences between algorithmic decomposition and object- [6+4]
oriented decomposition in the process of systems analysis for a complex
system? What is the role of hierarchy, another feature of object-
orientation, in such decomposition process?
2 Explain four primary relations between classes; dependency, t8l
association, aggregation, and realization, with their corresponding
notations.
'3 What is behavior modeling in object-oriented analysis? Present any four [4+41
sample diagrams that are based on behavior rnodeling.
'4 A new bus service, Gana Rajya Express (GRE) is starting soon, which ll0l
i has the business plan and operation as detailed below.
GRE sells tickets only through the web service, not in bus
stations or in buses. Tickets must be paid by credit card or
online bank payment. Tickets are not bookable. Ticket can be
sold to the particular line, but not with particular seating
Iocation. The ticket can be cancelled, but GRE returns only a
portion of the ticket price. Canceltaticn can be handted via
Internet or via phone services. The closer to deparnrre, the
lorver part of the price shall be refunded. In addition to ticket
cancellation, it is possible to inquire about bus schedule
information via phone service. Tickets are electronic tickets

SYLLABUS
delivered via e-mail. The driver checks the right to travel by
reading the barcode on the ticket using mobile reading
terminal. GRE hires workers for different tasks. Traffic planner
establishes and closes down lines. He also shifts in demand, and
designs scheduies. Price analyst adjusts prices depending on
demand and competitors, Driver manager is the head of drivers
and allocates drivers and buses, and schedules services and
I 'Iransportation Department tests for the vehicles. GRE pays
hourly rate for drivers and telephone service staff. Other staff
will be paid by monthly salary basis. Non-core activities
[accounting, payroll, vehicle maintenance, computer
maintenance, etc.] rvill be outsourced.
Prepare and draw Use Cases with elaboration for the above scenario.
5 Bottle recycling machine has a control unit, bottle sensor, belt unit, [8]
the sum counter, the end button and the receipt printer.There are at
least states such as rvaiting, on run, on service and receipt printing.
The "on run" state can be refined witlt sub-states working blocked,
failure notification, emplying. You can add few nelv states according
to your own realization.
Draw a iiite diagram for the control unit
I
6 Your manager reviews your design and codes of a sub-module that you I8l
have prepared, as depicted in the below figure. She suggests you to
introduce subtotal( ) somewhere in your model thinking about the
performance of the system.

lor ail firy OrderL,nes ol: L]

Order 0rdetLine Artlcie
tot =
1
lct + d.geLArticlei).gePrice{) getQuanEty0
'ol.gdQuantiV0
tda0 getrflcq)

Modify your implementation and justify how does this update provides
you better performance.
7 What is exception and error handling in the context of system Is+s]
implementation? How does it differ fr<im other conventional method
versus the ob-l ect-ori ented method based impl ementation?
8 Explain the forking, joining, and branching features available in object- t4+4)
oriented based modeling? How does these primitive provide the closest
implementation model? Relate with any arbitrary sarnple.
I Write short notes. [2*s]
(a) Focus of control
(b) Methods of requirement gathering

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SYLLABUS
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l
 46 TRIBHWA}I UNTVER.SITY Eram. l{ t grr l:r r'

INSTTTUTE OF ENGINEERING I-evel BE Fult ltflarks fftl

Examination Control Division Programme BCT Pess Mrrl$ 32
2072 Ashwin Ycar/Part u/Il Time 3 hrs.

Subject: - Object Oriented Analysis and Design (CT65t)

r' Candidates are required to give ttpir answers in their own words as far as practicable.
r' AnenptAUquestions,
{ Ttufrgwes in the mwgin indicate Full Mgrts.
r' Asswne suitable data if necessry.
1. a) Differentiate betwecn functional and non-functional rcquirement. What are the
relationships in Use Case Diagrams and explain <<include>> and <<extend>>
relationships with diagram? Page 48 l5l
b) For the case study givor below identiff all the actors, use cases and relationships also
draw use case diagram. tsI
A coffee Vending lvlachine dispenses coffee to customers. Customers order coffee by
selecting a reclpe from a set of recipes. Customers pay for the coffee using coins.
Change is givan back if any to the custorners. The Services staff loads ingredients
(coffe power, milk, sugar, water and chocolatQ into the coffee machine. Tlre service
staff can also add a recipe by indicating the name of the cofree, the units of coffee
ponrder, millg sugar, water and chocolate to be added as well as the cost of the coffee.

2. Explain all types of extemal actors in relation to System under Discussion (SuD). Draw a
system sequenoe diagram for the Library Management system with the following
reguirements. You can add additional elements if necessary.
A college library has 4 libradans to manage and issue t\e books to the users who are
either students or faculty staffs. The library contains the books belonging to Computer
and Humanities strearrs. The books are counle books, referenco books, book banks etc.
I
The users must log into system to search the required books and may reserye the books
earlier. The lib,rarian issues the books to tlre users and also charge fine in case ofdelayed
retum or loss of the book. The librarian asks for the nSanu Publisher" to supply the
necessary books into the library. The librarian manages all the users. 12+61

3. What do you mean by Domain Modeling? Present the guidelines to add attributes and
associations inthe domain model. t6l
4. Hou, can you represent the dynamic behavior of the system in Object Oriented Analysis
(OOA)? E><plain with example. t6l
5. Draw &e class diagram and map the desigrr into code for "Health Care Center" as
following: Patient can arrange and cancel appointment with physician using scheduler.
Physician secedes to prescribe Medication for patient. Physician Specifies Drug lnfo:
Medication name, Dosage Amount Number Doses and Refills. Computer Cross-Checks

SYLLABUS
for Conflict betuteen Medication and Current Medications/Lrledical History Prescription
Forwarded Elecronically to Pharmacy or Else Printed for Patient. ll0
6. a) In nrany ways, a deployment diagrarn is just a special kind of class diagram, which
focuses on a system's nodes. Justiff this statement. ts
b) Draw an exception class hierarchy to present the errors and exceptions derived from
the Throewable class. t:

1
 7. How pattern differqt from framework? Explain information Expert, Creator and Low a

Coupling designp*terns defined by GRASP Design Pattem. t8I

S. a) E:rplain the concept of inter ce and implementation in object oriented desip and
implementation. tsl
b) During object oriented implementation of design class diagram you may encounter
one-to- many relationstrips between classes. With the help of collection and generic
classes, explain how you can reprcsent these relationships in object oriented
programming. t5I
9. Compare the followings: [4x3i
a) Forward Engine€ring vs. Backward Engineoing
b) Stnctural Model vs.Implementation Model
c) Flowchart Vs. Stnrcture chart

SYLLABUS
rJ

;I

rl

2
 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
I Examination Control Division
2073 Bhadra

Subjecl: - Object Oriented Analysis and Design (CT65I)

,/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
r/ Attempt All questions.
,/ The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks.
,/ Assume suitable data if necessary.

47
1. a) What makes the use-case diagram as an important in UML diagrams? Illustrate your
argument with a model use-case diagram for a particular scenario. t3+3]
47 As you are
b) What are requirements process alternatives before having 00 Analysis?
already familiar with IOE exam processes, prepare a brief SRS document following
unified process inOOAD. [3+5]
2. a) Describe the strategies to identifr conceptual classes' Describe the steps to create a
Domain Model used for representing conceptual classes. t6]
b) Consider a Rental Car System (RCS). A rental agency has multiple offices/locations
where customer can test drive and select a car for rental. The period of rental, terms
and conditions for rental is flexible. RCS has to take responsibility for loaning cars,
keeping track of availability of cars, retum of cars, billing, maintenance activities for
cars and keeping track of driver's availability and assignment in case of chauffeur
driver car rentals. Identiff the candidate objects with relationships of abovecase. t8l
3. a) For the case study given below identifu all classes, their relationships, attributes and
methods for each class. Also draw class diagram using standard UML Notation. XYZ
Marina is privately owndd corporation that rents boats and provides boat services on a
' lake. The Corporation needs automated system to track customers, leased slips (Each
space for boat in lake) and boats in the slips. The corporation has two types of boats
sail boat and power boat. Both types of boats are uniquely identified by their
attributes like registration number, manufacture year and boat length. The boat can be
leased on daily basis or yearly basis. The system should perform following tasks
creating lease, computing lease amount, assigring boats. Jhe system should also have
features of search for vacant slips leased to specific customers and generating
well.

SYLLABUS
customized reports. The system should have to implement billing system as t8]
b) For the above class diagram created apply object orierrted techniques to convert such
class diagram into implementation code in any of your favorite object oriented
programming language. Yow implementation code should clearly show class
definition, Attributes with their proper visibility and method signatures with required
parameter. t8l
4. a) How irrtbrface differ from implementation? Explain the concept of interface and
implementation in any object oriented programming languages. t6]
b)What are the major functions of Exceptions and error handling in the programs
development? Is it required to develop the program? Justiff it. [3+3]
5. What is singleton class? Explain the different types of visibility in object oriented design. [2+6]
6. Write short notes on: l4x4l
D Information content in forward and reverse engineering
ii) Datadictionary stability
iii) GRASP
iv) Types of interaction diagram and their focus
 46 TRIBHTJVAN IJNIVERSI'fY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERTNG
,ti Examination Control Division
2074 Bhadra

Analysis and
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
{ Anempt AII questions.
The figures in the margin indicute Fult Marki.
Assume suitahle data. if necessary.

l. a) What are the meaning of Object and Encapsulation in terms of OOAD? Explain
briefly with example. page no 2 and 44
l6l
b) Prepare the fully labeled use cases for cash u,ithdraw case of the banking system.
t6l
2. IN OOAD, there are various types of models, like conceptual,
structural, behavioral, etc.
What is the significance of these many different types of model? Explain with
illustrative
exarnples. page 45
t6l
3' What is the role of constraint specifications in a model diagram? The model
below figure
unts within the portfolio sub-head in any banking
ints highlighted and explain brief, what they mean.
l8I

0. 1

wrf€

,;:llil'ffilH"*,:'f#i
4.
)!hat are the perce-ptions of applying UML? Consider the Library System. Each book in a
library contains bibliography, each bibliography consists of
a number of reference to
other books' A book will be referred to in many cases and
therefore a reference can
appear in more than one bibliography. Use noun phrase
identification strategies to find
the conceptual classes ofabove cases.
[2+41
5. Present the mapping process for the figure below
model usiirg object-oriented based
pseudo-codes for capturing all irnponant aspects
of the model diagram.
u0l

SYLLABUS
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tr:

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 6. Prepare a comparative note on forward versus reverse engineering with mentioning the
merits, demerits and implementation challenges. t6l
'l 7. What is the purpose of CRC? Illustrates the concepts of coupling and cohesion in object
oriented design with suitable example. 12+31
8. What are pattem based design and its benefits? Prepare illustrative notes on pattern based
design. t6l
9. Identi! conceptual class and its supportive attributes for a Photocopier machine from the
description given below and draw the conceptual class diagram for the same. Initially the
machine is off. When the operator switches on the machine, it first warms up during
which it performs some internal tests. Once the tests are over, rnachine is ready for
making copies. When operator loads a page to be photocopied and press 'start' button,
machine stafts making copies according to the nurnber of copies selected. When machine
is making copies, machine may go out of paper. Once operator loads sufficient pages, it
can start making copies again. During the photocopy process, if paper jam occurs in the
machine, operator may need to clean the path by rernoving the jammed paper to make the
machine ready. t9]
10. Write short notes on:
[ax3]
a) Agile method
b) Association visibility
c) Dewey Decimal Numbering and its use in modeling
d) design Pattems and its use in OOAD
**t

SYLLABUS
I
32 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Full Marks i 80
Exarnination Control Division Pass Marl$ i 32

2075 Bhadra

Subject: - Object Oriented Analysis and De ign (C!!s tL __

,/ Candidates are requir'ed to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
/ Attempt AII questions.
,/ The figures in the margin indicate FUA Marks.
{ Assame suitable data ifnecessary.

l. What are advantages of object oriented system over procedwal system? Explain
associatiorl aggegation and composition relationships with suitable examples. [2+61
\--- 2, What is operation contract? Construct a System Sequence Diagram (SSD) for online
examination system with necessary assumptions. t2+6)
3. How can you express exceptions in UML diagrams? Illustrate with possible exceptions in
any suitable scenario.
page 41 t6l
4. For the case study given below indentify all classes, their relationships, attributes and
rnethods for each class. Also draw class diagram using standard UML Notation. t8l
Makalu College operates intemational business in 10 location throughout the globe. The
college has its first 9000 graduates in 2010. The second keeps track of each studenfs
name, country of birth, current address. In order to maintain strong ties to its alumni' ttre
school holds various events around the world. Events have title, date, location and time.
The school needs to keep track of which graduates have attended which events. For an
attendance by a graduate at an event, a comment is recorded about information. School
oflicials learn from that graduate at that event. As with the events, school records
information learned from graduates. When an official knows that he or she will be
meeting or talking to graduate, a report is produced showing the latest information about
the graduate and the information leamed during the past two years from that graduate
from all contacts and events the graduate attended.
5. Describe the terrr Design pattern? Explain the purpose and benefits of information
E*prtt" Creator, Controller and Polymorphism design patterns defined by GRASP. [l+6J
a) Describe the term OOP, code refactoring. I2l

SYLLABUS
b) For the class diagram created in Question number 4 apply object oriented techniques
to converts such class diagram into implementation code in any of your favorite
object oriented programming language. Your implementation code should clearly
show class definition, attributes with their proper visibility and methgd signatures
with required parameter. t7I
l
The famous digital eatery at Durbar Marge, "Naulo Restaurant", which
is designed by
7. digital device,
IoE graduate engineers, processes everything either through Robot or with
,*"rft food p.eiatation'and cooking. Every tables-tops is equipped with.lar8e tablet
screen una .rring the table each customers sele, ts the food
items they would like to order'
once the customers selects the items, the restaurant system automatically dispatches the
food items selected as the order to the kitchen unit of the restaurant. Again, wJten the food
" will get called in by kitchen unit for
e number through system. The food plate,
ich delivers the food up to the customer
q is delivered and due bill is generated for
times as the
the food item of that table. This process might be repeated for multiple
the customer pays
additionat food ordering and serving might happen frequently. Finally,
accumulated bill eitheiswiping thJ rtraiUc.uit card or through
online payment' order
;kG process, order dispatchiig pro".rs, food delivery and paper bill carrying up to the
table-through irumans are eliminated so, they claimed it as complete digital rest'aurant'

Now ansiwer the followings: [6x3]

i) Prepare the USE case

ii) Prepare activitY diagr
iii) Prepare the sequence

8. Compare the followings: [4x4]

i) Conceptual model vs. Implementation model
ii) Forward Engineering vs. Reverse Engineering
iii) Association types vs. Cardinality constraints
iv) Design pattern vs. Components reuse
***

SYLLABUS
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SYLLABUS
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 SYLLABUS
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