VIDYABHARTI TRUST COLLEGE OF BUSINESS, COMPUTER

SCIENCE & RESEARCH. UMRAKH

PROJECT REPORT

AS A PARTIAL REQUIREMENT FOR

THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER
APPLICATION
(B.C.A)

YEAR: 2022 - 2023

“ONLINE SHOPPING SYSTEM”

GUIDED BY: SUBMITTED BY:

Mrs. Krishna Mistry Mr. Dhruv Patel (2128)

Mr. Kishan Patel
(2141)
 Vidyabharti Trust College of Business, Computer
Science & Research . Umrakh
At & Po: Umrakh, Ta: Bardoli, Dist: Surat – 394345, Gujarat, INDIA.

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. Dhruv Patel, Kishan Patel Exam Seat Number: 2128, 2141 has satisfactorily

completed his project work entitled Online Hotel Booking System as a partial fulfillment of the

requirements for 6thSemester –B.C.A. (Bachelor of Computer Application), during the academic Year

2022 - 2023.

Date: Principal
Dr. Snehal H. Mistry

Place: Vidyabharti Trust College of

Business, Computer-Science &
Research.
Umrakh, Bardoli, Surat

PROJECT OF B.C.A.

Academic Year
Approved by:

(Examiners)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives us great pleasure in presenting this project report titled “Online

Hotel Booking System” and we wish to express our immense gratitude to the
people who provided invaluable knowledge and support in the completion of this
project.
Their guidance and motivation have helped in making this project a great success.

We express our gratitude to our project guide Krishna Mistry who provided
us all the guidance and encouragement throughout the project development. We
would also like to express our sincere gratitude to the respective Project
coordinators.

We are eager and glad to express our gratitude to the Head of the BCA Dept.
Prof. Amit Patel for his approval of this project. We are also thankful to him for
providing us the needed assistance, detailed suggestions and encouragement to do
the project.

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our respected principal Dr.
Snehal Mistry, vice principal Dr. Payal Mahida and the management of our
College for providing such an ideal atmosphere to build up this project with well-
equipped library with all the most necessary reference materials and up to date IT
Laboratories. We are extremely thankful to all staff and the management of the
college for providing us all the facilities and resources required.

Thanking All,

Dhruv Patel
Kishan
Patel
 ABSTRACT

An online hotel booking system is a website that enables users to book hotel
rooms via the internet. The system consists of a user interface, admin interface,
hotel interface, a database, and a payment gateway. The user interface allows users
to search for hotels based on various criteria, such as location, price, and
amenities. Users can view hotel details, including room types, availability, and
rates. They can also make reservations and manage their bookings. The database
stores hotel information, such as room availability, rates, and customer data. It
also stores transaction details, such as payments and refunds. The payment
gateway facilitates secure online transactions between the user and the hotel.
The system also includes features such as login confirmation emails, cancellation
booking, and customer support. It may also integrate with other travel services,
such as car rentals, flights, and tours. Overall, an online hotel booking system
provides a convenient and efficient way for users to search for and book hotel
rooms, while helping hotels manage their bookings and payments.
 Index
Sr. No Topics Page no
1 Introduction
1.1 College Profile 2
1.2 Project Profile 2
2 Proposed System
2.1 Scope 3
2.2 Objective 3
2.3 Constraints
2.3.1 H/w 4
Constraints 4
2.3.2.S/W Constraints 5
2.4 Advantages 6
2.5 Limitation
3 Environment Specification
3.1 Hardware & Software Requirements 7
3.2 Development Description 8
4 System Planning
4.1 Requirement Specification 13
4.2 Feasibility Study 14
4.3 Software Engineering Model 16
4.4 Risk Analysis 21
4.5 Project Schedule 23
4.5.1 Timeline Chart
5 System Analysis
5.1 UML Diagram
5.2.1 Use case Diagram 25
5.2.2 ER Diagram 31
5.2.3 Activity Diagram 32
6 Software Design
6.1 Database Design 41
6.2 Interface Design 49
7 Testing
7.1 Unit Testing 58
7.2 Integration Testing 58
8 Future Enhancement 59
9 Reference 60
 Online Hotel Booking System

1. Introduction
Computer plays an important role in our daily life. Anything we want we can get
only in one mouse click. Speed, reliability and accuracy of the computer make it a
powerful tool for different purposes.

A very important and basic need of today’s modern business world is the quick
availability and processing of information using computer. One can easily get the type
of required information within a fraction of a second.

The project that I have taken is also in this category which is used in our daily life
whenever we want to purchase some items we can easily get them at our home.

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1.1 College Profile:

Project Title Online Hotel Booking System

College Name Vidyabharti Trust College of Business, Computer
Science & Research
Address Vidyabharti Campus, At & Po Umrakh Ta-Bardoli
Surat, Gujarat 394601, India
Email Id [email protected]
Contact Us (02622) 220581
Internal Guide Name Krishna Mistry

12.Project Profile
Project Title Online Hotel Booking System
Project Definition Online hotel reservations are a popular method for
booking hotel rooms. Travellers can book rooms on a
computer by using online security to protect their
privacy and financial information and by using several
online travel agents to compare prices and facilities at
different hotels.
Duration 3.5 Months
Front End PHP
Back End MySQL
Platform Visual Studio Code
Documentation Tool Microsoft Word
Operating System Microsoft Windows 10
Team Members Patel Dhruv , Patel Kishan
Project Guide Ms. Krishna Mistry

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2. Proposed System

2.1. Scope

This activity is also known as the feasibility study. It begins with a request
from the user for a new system. It involves the following:

 Identify the responsible user for a new system

 Clarify the user request
 Identify deficiencies in the current system
 Establish goals and objectives for the new system
 Determine the feasibility for the new system
 Prepare a project charter that will be used to guide the remainder of the
Project

2.2. Objective

The objective of project on Online Shopping Portal is to developing a GUI based

automated system, which will cover all the information Related to the all
products which is used in our daily life. For example – Mobiles Phones,
Laptops, Clothes, Books, Electronic Items and many more. So by this GUI
based automated system a user want to purchase something then it only a
mouse click away to purchase these products.

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2.3. Constraints

2.3.1. H/w Constraints

 Minimum Microsoft windows 7 required.

 Google chrome, Mozila Firefox any other browser required.
 MySQL database

2.3.2. S/W Constraints

 Band width 10 mbps minimum required.

 Processor 1 GB RAM and 100 GB HDD minimum required

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2.4. Advantage

 Faster viewing and retrieval of data: -

With this new system data will be viewed faster and data will be
retrieved asper the requirements. No information about anybody will be
left out.

 Systematic work: -

The work done with this system will be systematically and there
will beno data loss. With this system work will be done efficiently.

 Less effort: -

With this system user will not get much stress on them effortless
workwill be done and less effort will be given on user.

 Faster and accurate reports and result will be easier to understand: -

Whenever user needs to take some important decisions with help

of therecords the user can take necessary steps, accurate and easy to
retrieve.

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2.5. Limitation
• Security concerns:
An online shopping system stores sensitive information such as
customer data and credit card information. If the system is not
secured properly, it may be vulnerable to attacks, and customer data
may be compromised.

• Technical issues:
Online shopping systems can face technical issues such as server
downtime, system crashes, or bugs.

• High shipping cost

Shipping can be a major challenge for most e-commerce businesses.

When you are delivering B2C orders, shipping can pose a major challenge and
disadvantage.

Often, shipping cost involves a large part of your profit which may, in turn,
decrease your overall margin.

Shipping cost, however, usually depends upon the size and weight of the product.
It can cost higher in B2C orders as compared to B2B orders.

• Warehousing cost

This is also a limitation of e-commerce. E-commerce sellers must have a

physical location or warehouse where they can store their products.

This would help them manage their operations from a designated location.

This cost of warehousing has to be borne by the business itself.

The cost of storage will differ from location to location. It is always advisable to

find a warehouse that doesn’t involve a high inventory cost. This is the reason why

a majority of warehouses are located outside the city.

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3. Environment Specification

Implementation is used here to mean the process of converting a new or a

revised system design into an operational one. Implementation of a new
system to replace an existing one is usually difficult. If not properly planned,
there can be many problems. This phase is less creative than system design
and is primarily concerned with user training; the type of implementation that
is incorporated in the development of the project is implementation of a new
application to replace an existing one.

3.1 Hardware & Software Requirements

HARDWARE
Web Requirement Band width – 10 mbps (Minimum).

Development Processor - Intel(R) Core™ 2 Duo

Environment

Processor

RAM – 1 GB

HDD – 100 GB

Operating System – Windows XP

Client Configuration Internet – 512 Kbps (Minimum).

Internet Explorer 6.0 and above.

Web hosting Windows Server 2003 and above

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Software

Front-End PHP

Back-End MY SQL

Scripting Language JavaScript (Js)

Other Technology HTML XAMP server

Browser Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome

3.2 Development Description

 PHP
 MYSQL

PHP: Server Site Scripting Language

 PHP is a server-side scripting language designed for web

development but also used as a general-purpose
programming language. As of January 2013, PHP was
installed on more than 240 million websites (39% of those
sampled) and 2.1 million web servers. Originally created
by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994, the reference implementation
of PHP (powered by the Zend Engine) is now produced
by The PHP Group. While PHP originally stood for
Personal Home Page, it now stands for PHP: Hypertext Pre-
processor, which is a recursive backronym.

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 PHP code can be simply mixed with HTML code, or

it can be used in combination with various templating
engines and web frameworks. PHP code is usually
processed by a PHP interpreter, which is usually
implemented as a web server's native module or a Common
Gateway Interface (CGI) executable.

 After the PHP code is interpreted and executed, the

web server sends resulting output to its client, usually in
form of a part of the generated web page; for example,
PHP code can generate a web page's HTML code, an
image, or some other data. PHP has also evolved to include
a command-line interface (CLI) capability and can be used
in standalone graphical applications.

 Despite its popularity, no written specification or standard

existed for the PHP language until 2014, leaving the
canonical PHP interpreter as a de facto standard. Since
2014, there is ongoing work on creating a formal PHP
specification.

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MySQL: The World's Most Popular Open Source Database

 Many of the applications that a Web developer wants to use

can be made easier by the use of a standardized database to
store, organize, and access information. MySQL is an Open
Source (GPL) Standard Query Language (SQL) database
thatis fast, reliable, easy to use, and suitable for applications
of any size. SQL is the ANSI-standard database query
language used by most databases (though all have their
nonstandard extensions).

 MySQL can easily be integrated into Perl programs

by using the Perl DBI (Database Independent interface)
module. DBI is an Application Program Interface (API)
that allows Perl to connect to and query a number of SQL
databases (among them MySQL, mSQL, PostgreSQL,
Oracle, Sybase, and Informix).

 MySQL is a powerful, sophisticated, and easy-to-use

SQL database program. Using Perl and DBI, one can easily
create programs to automate database management tasks.
With this knowledge, the prospective web designer should
be able to construct a database-based (for lack of a better
term) web site that is portable, sophisticated, easy to
manage, and professional appearing. We have examined
only a small subset of all that MySQL provides.
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3.3 ABOUT TOOLS

• Server- Side Tools:

Browser Internet Explorer 6.6 or Higher,

Mozilla Firefox 1.5 or Higher, Google
Chrome etc.

Operating System Dual core processor, intel Core i3

RAM 500 GB

 Side Tools:

Processor Windows 8, Windows 10

Hard Disk 500 GB

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4 System Planning

Requirement Specification

 Before Login

 Login
 Register
 Forget Password
 Administrator Login
 About Us
 Contact Us
 After Administrator Login
 Edit Website Details
 Add Brands
 Add Category
 Add Items
 Delete Brands
 Delete Category
 Delete Items
 Manage User
 See Users
 Users Shopping
 Add Users
 Delete Users
 Logout
 After User Login
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 My Profile
 Edit Profile
 Change Password
 Buy Products
 Categories (Controlled by Admin. Which can be add it dynamically
according to their needs)
 My Cart
 My Shopping’s

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4.2 Feasibility Study

 The system feasibility can be divided into the following sections:

 Technology and system feasibility:

The assessment is based on an outline design of system requirements

in terms of Input, Processes, Output, Fields, Programs, and Procedures.
This can be quantified in terms of volumes of data, trends, frequency of
updating, etc. in order to estimate whether the new system will perform
adequately or not.

 Economic feasibility:

Economic analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating

the effectiveness of a new system. More commonly known as cost / benefit
analysis the procedure is to determine the benefits and savings that are
expected from a candidate system and compare them with cost. If a benefit
outweighs cost, then the decision is made to design and implement the
system.

 Legal feasibility:

Determines whether the proposed system conflicts with legal

requirements, e.g. a Data Processing system must comply with the
local Data Protection Acts

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Operational feasibility:-

Is a measure of how well a proposed system solves the problems,

and takes advantagesof the opportunities identified during scope definition
and how it satisfies the requirements identified in the requirements analysis
phase of system development.

 Schedule feasibility:-
A project will fail if it takes too long to be completed before it is useful.
Typically this means estimating how long the system will take to develop,
and if it can be completed in a given time period using some methods like
payback

 Resource feasibility:-

This involves questions such as how much time is available to

build the new system, when it can be built, whether it interferes
with normal business operations, type and amount of resources
required, dependencies.

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4.3 Software Engineering Model

 SpiralModel

The -spiral model combines the idea of iterative development with the
systematic, controlledaspects of the waterfall model.

Spiral model is a combination of iterative development process model

and sequential linear development model i.e. waterfall model with very
high emphasis on risk analysis.

It allows for incremental releases of the product, or incremental

refinement through eachiteration around the spiral.

 SpiralModel Design

The spiral model has four phases. A software project repeatedly passes
through these phasesin iterations called Spirals.

 Identification: This phase starts with gathering the business

requirements in the baseline spiral. In the subsequent spirals as the
product matures, identification of system requirements, subsystem
requirements and unit requirements are all done inthis phase.

This also includes understanding the system requirements by

continuous communication between the customer and the system
analyst. At the end of the spiral the product is deployed in the
identified market.

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 Design: Design phase starts with the conceptual design in the

baseline spiral and involves architectural design, logical design of
modules, physical product design and final design in the subsequent
spirals.
Construct or Build: Construct phase refers to production of the
actual software product at every spiral. In the baseline spiral when
the product is just thought of and the design is being developed.
Then in the subsequent spirals with higher clarity on requirements
and design details a working model of the software called build is
produced with a version number. These builds are sent to customer
for feedback.

 Evaluation and Risk Analysis: Risk Analysis includes identifying,

estimating, and monitoring technical feasibility and management
risks, such as schedule slippage and cost overrun. After testing the
build, at the end of first iteration, the customer evaluates the
software and provides feedback.

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 Following is a diagrammatic representation of spiral model

listing the activities ineach phase:

Based on the customer evaluation, software development process enters

into the next iteration and subsequently follows the linear approach to
implement the feedback suggested by the customer. The process of
iterations along the spiral continues throughout the life of the software.

 SpiralModel Application

 Spiral Model is very widely used in the software industry as it is in synch

with the natural development process of any product i.e. learning with
maturity and also involves minimum risk for the customer as well as the
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 development firms. Following are the When costs there is a budget

constraint and risk evaluation is important.

 For medium to high-risk projects.

 Long-term project commitment because of potential changes to

economic prioritiesas the requirements change with time.

 Customer is not sure of their requirements which is usually the case.

 Requirements are complex and need evaluation to get clarity.

 New product line which should be released in phases to get

enough customerfeedback.

Significant changes are expected in the product during the development

cycletypical uses of Spiral model:

 SpiralModel ProsandCons

The advantage of spiral lifecycle model is that it allows for elements of

the product to be added in when they become available or known. This
assures that there is no conflict with previous requirements and design.

This method is consistent with approaches that have multiple software

builds and releases and allows for making an orderly transition to a
maintenance activity. Another positive aspect is that the spiral model
forces early user involvement in the system development effort.On the
other side, it takes very strict management to complete such products

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and there is a risk of running the spiral in indefinite loop. So the

discipline of change and the extent of taking change requests is very
important to develop and deploy the product successfully.
The following table lists out the pros and cons of Spiral SDLC Model:

Pros Cons

 Changing requirements can be  Management is more

accommodated. complex.

 Allows for extensive use of  End of project may not

prototypes beknown early.

 Requirements can be captured  Not suitable for small or

more accurately. low risk projects and
could be expensive for
 Users see the system early.
small projects.
 Development can be divided into
 Process is complex
smaller parts and more risky
parts can be developed earlier  Spiral may go
which helps better risk indefinitely.
management.
 Large number of
intermediate stages
requires excessive
documentation.

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3.2 Risk Analysis

 Schedule Risk:

 Project schedule get slip when project tasks and schedule release
risks are notaddressed properly.
 Schedule risks mainly affected on project and finally on company
economy and maylead to project failure.
 Schedules often slip due to following
reasons:Wrong time estimation

Resources are not tracked properly. All resources like staff,

systems, skills ofindividuals etc.

Failure to identify complex functionalities and time required

to develop thosefunctionalities.

Operational Risks:

 Risks of loss due to improper process implementation, failed

system or some externalevents risks.
 Causes of Operational risks:

o Failure to address priority conflicts Failure to resolve the

responsibilities
o Insufficient resources
o No proper subject training
o No resource planning
o No communication in team.

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Technical risks:

□ Technical risks generally leads to failure of functionality and

performance.
□ Causes of technical risks are:

o Continuous changing requirements

o No advanced technology available or the existing
technology is in initialstages.
o Product is complex to implement.
o Difficult project modules integration.

Programmatic Risks:
These are the external risks beyond the operational limits. These are all
uncertain

 risks are outside the control of the program.

 These external events can be:

o Running out of fund Market development.

o Changing customer product strategy and priority .
o Government rule changes.

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4.4.1 Timeline Chart

Tasks 1-jan-2022 To 15-Apr-2022

1-2 2-3 3 4-6 5-10 11-12 12 13-14 15

1.Introduction
Requirement Gathering

Analyze Gathered information

Determine Basic functionality

Determine Scope of System

Milestone Completed

2.Planning and Risk analysis

Analyze data for possible risk

Identify potential risk

Determines different modules

Milestone Completed

3.Designing
Design basic interface

Design database table

Design UI model

Milestone Completed

4.Coding and integrated modules

Define code logics

Implementation of logics

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Master modules

Transaction modules

Milestone Completed

5.Testing
Validate input data on control

Check accuracy of transaction

Test system with multiple users

Milestone Completed

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5 System Analysis
5.1 Diagram
5.1.1 Use case Diagram

 A use case diagram in Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a

type of behavioral diagram defined by and created from a use-case
analysis. Its purpose is to present a graphical overview of the
functionality provided by a system in terms of actors, their goals
(represented as use cases), and any dependencies between those
use cases.

 Steps required to understand use-case:

 What to write about?

 How much to write about it?

 How detailed to make our description?

 How to organize the description?

 The first step in writing a use case is to define the set of “actors”

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Symbol Symbol Name Symbol Description

Actor An actor is a person, group, or

system that interacts with the use
case.

Admin

The actor symbol represents a

textual explanation of the actor
that is created in a document
independently from a diagram.

Association A relationship between two

elements in the diagram.

Associations between actors and

use cases and represented by a
solid line.

System The system boundary separates a

System
Boundary system from actors and other
systems.

To add elements to a system,

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create them outside the

boundary, and then drag them
into the boundary.

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1. Admin

Syste
m
logi
n

change
password

change
password

state
master
admin

city
master

hotel
type

galler
y

hotel
registration

hotel
view

logou
t

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2. Hotel

System

login

view profile

change password

hotel
hotel room entry

view hotel room entry

customer booking

room cancle

customer payment

recipt

logout

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3. Customer

System
registration

login

view profile

change password
customer

view hotel

view hotel room

my booking

payment

receipt

logout

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5.1.2 ER Diagram

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5.2.3 Activity Diagram

 Activity diagram is basically a flow chart to represent

the flow form one activity to another activity. The
activity can be described as an operation of the
system.

 Activity diagram use for to represent flow of function.

Symbol Symbol Name Symbol Description

 A black circle is the

standard notation for an
initial state before an
Black circle activity takes place.

 It can either stand alone

or you can use a note to
further elucidate the
starting point.

 The activity symbols are

the basic building blocks
Activity
of an activity diagram
and usually have a short

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description of the activity

State 1
they represent.

 A join combines two

concurrent activities back
into a flow where only
Join one activities is
happening at a time.

 Arrows represent the

direction flow of the flow
Arrows
chart.

 The arrow points in the

direction of progressing
activities.

 A fork splits one activity

flow into two concurrent
Fork splits
activities.

 A marker shaped like a

diamond is the standard

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Diamond symbol for a decision.

 There are always at least

two paths coming out of a
decision and the
condition text lets you
know which options are
mutually exclusive.

1. The black circle that looks

like a selected radio button is
Black circle
the UML symbol for the end
state of an activity.

2. As shown in two examples

above, notes can also be used
to explain an end state.

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For Registration

User
Details

Register
Form Username Exists

Database
Success

Login
orm

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For Buying Product:

User
Request

Database

User’s
Cart Checkout

Payment
Details

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For Buying Product:

User
Request

Database

User’s
Cart Checkout

Payment
Details

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System Analysis
5.2 Database Design

Table1 : admin_login
Attribute Data type Constraints Description
Name

Id int(11) Primary key It is auto

increment key

emial varchar(30) - Enter username

password varchar(30) - Enter password

Table2 : VENDORS TABLE

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Table2 : CATEGORY TABLE

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Table3: PRODUCT TABLE

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Table4: SHIPMENT TABLE

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Table5: USER INFORMATION TABLE

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Table6: ORDER TABLE

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Table7: POLL TABLE

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Table8: MENU TABLE

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Table9: SECTION TABLE

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Table10: CONTACT DETAILS TABLE

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Table11: BANNER TABLE

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5.3 Interface Design sitemap followed with page snapshots

 USER SIDE
 Home Page:

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 About Page:

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 Hotel Page:

 Our Room:

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 Gallery Page:

 Contact Us:

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 Login page:

 ADMIN SIDE
Admin login page

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 Hotel rejistration

 HOTEL SIDE
Room entry:-

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Room entry view:-

Booking pending:-

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Accept booking:-

Cancel booking:-

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Checkout page:-

Remaining payment page:-

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7. Testing

7.1 Unit Testing

 Unit testing means the verification and validation of software. In unit
testing (is the smallest part of a module); programmer tests each units
of source code for fit to use.
 Unit testing focuses on verifying the effort on the smallest unit of
software-module.
 The local data structure is examined to ensure that the date stored
temporarily maintains its integrity during all steps in the algorithm’s
execution.
 Unit Tested area to ensure that the module operates properly at
boundaries established to limit.

7.2 Integration Testing

 Integration testing takes input as module that means, it is nothing but
the set of unit tested module. It collects them in bigger aggregates and
implements tests explained in an integration test plan. Afterwards,
distribute as its outcomes to the integrated system which is prepared
for system testing.
 In the Integration testing (Modules) the data can be tested across an
interface.
 Conducting tests to uncover errors associated with interring while
integration testing is a technique for constructing a program structure.

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8. Future Enhancement

 We are trying to make system more easy to use.

 We are trying to make system as small as it would be accessed on
mobile also.
 Strong Security.
 We are trying to make payment gateway in future.

9. Glossary

As the system was totally new concept for us, so firstly we have made a
plan to thoroughly understand the manual system with regards to that we
will be able to develop an automated system.

Looking to the genuinely of the problem we thought of developing a

website where in one click, one can get access to various events outlets.
They can select the event of their choices from their college and can place
event online.

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10. Reference

 Bibliography: -
 Beginning PHP 5.3, Matt Doyle, Wrox Publication PHP MySQL
B.S SHAH PRAKASHAN
 Beginning PHP and MySQL, 4th Edition, Apress Publication

 Webography: -
 During the Development of Project, We have referred
following Websites.

 Web site Name:

1. http://www.php.net/
2. http://www.w3schools.com
3. http://www.tutorialspoint.com

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