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03-Wave Equation - Slides

One dimensional travelling waves can be described by a wave equation. The wave function y represents the displacement of a medium as a wave travels through it at a constant speed v. For a wave travelling to the right, the wave function is defined as y = f(x - vt), where f is the initial shape of the wave at time t=0. The document provides an example of a pulse wave travelling to the right based on the wave function y = e^(-x^2), and calculates the displacement y at different x and t values.

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36 views11 pages

03-Wave Equation - Slides

One dimensional travelling waves can be described by a wave equation. The wave function y represents the displacement of a medium as a wave travels through it at a constant speed v. For a wave travelling to the right, the wave function is defined as y = f(x - vt), where f is the initial shape of the wave at time t=0. The document provides an example of a pulse wave travelling to the right based on the wave function y = e^(-x^2), and calculates the displacement y at different x and t values.

Uploaded by

nvdshzad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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03 - Waves

One Dimensional Travelling Waves


Wave Equation

• A partial differential equation that describe the shape and


movement of waves.
One Dimensional Travelling Waves

• y is vertical displacement of medium.

• v is the constant speed of wave moving


to right direction.

• y=f(x) is the shape of pulse at t = 0

• y displacement is called wave function


One Dimensional Travelling Waves

• Wave function depends on both x and t.

• The wave function y represent the y coordinate of any


point P of the medium at any time t.
One Dimensional Travelling Waves

• y = f ( x – vt ) wave travelling to the right

• y = f ( x + vt ) wave travelling to the left


One Dimensional Travelling Waves

• y = f ( x – vt ) ; x-vt = x0
At t=0, the crest is at x = x0

At time dt later; position of crest => x = x0 + vdt


The crest moved a distance
dx = ( x0 + vdt ) - x0 = vdt
dx = vdt
Speed of the wave
v = dx / dt
Example: A Pulse Moving to the Right

• A wave pulse moving to the right along the x-axis is represented by

the wave function

where x and y are measured in centimeters and t is measured in

seconds. Plot the wave function at t = 0, t = 1.0 and t = 2.0 s.


Example: A Pulse Moving to the Right
Example: A Pulse Moving to the Right
Example: A Pulse Moving to the Right
Example: A Pulse Moving to the Right

• Let us evaluate y ( x , 0) at x = 0.50 cm :

• Likewise, at
x = 1.0 cm ; y(1.0, 0) = 1.0 cm

• x = 2.0 cm ; y(2.0, 0) = 0.40 cm

• y (x, 1.0) and y (x, 2.0)

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