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Differentiation - Standard Derivatives

The document provides a table of standard derivative rules and then gives examples of applying these rules to find the derivatives of various functions. These include finding derivatives of polynomials, exponential functions, logarithmic functions, trigonometric functions, and their inverses using the appropriate rule from the table. The examples walk through applying each rule to calculate the derivative of the given functions.

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73 views2 pages

Differentiation - Standard Derivatives

The document provides a table of standard derivative rules and then gives examples of applying these rules to find the derivatives of various functions. These include finding derivatives of polynomials, exponential functions, logarithmic functions, trigonometric functions, and their inverses using the appropriate rule from the table. The examples walk through applying each rule to calculate the derivative of the given functions.

Uploaded by

muhibudeenmuiz2020
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Differentiation: Standard Derivatives

In this worksheet we will first give a table of standard derivatives and then give a series of examples
to show how the table is used. Note that in the table a will stand for a constant.

Some Common Derivatives

f (x) f ′ (x) Comments

(1) a 0

(2) xn nxn−1 Here we must have x 6= 0 if n < 1

(3) eax aeax


1
(4) ln(ax) Here we must have ax > 0
x
(5) sin(ax) a cos(ax)
(6) cos(ax) −a sin(ax) Note the change of sign
π
(7) tan(ax) a sec2 (ax) Here ax 6= + kπ, k ∈ Z
2

Example 1: Find the derivative of f (x) = 5.

Solution 1: Since 5 is a constant, we can use Rule (1) to obtain f ′ (x) = 0.

Example 2: Find the derivative of f (x) = ecos(2) .

Solution 2: Note that there is no x in ecos(2) , so it is still just a constant.


So we can can again use Rule (1) to obtain f ′ (x) = 0.

Example 3: Find the derivative of f (x) = x5 .

Solution 3: Here the function is of the form xn with n = 5.


So we can use Rule (2) to obtain f ′ (x) = 5x5−1 = 5x4 .

Example 4: Find the derivative of f (x) = x−3 if x 6= 0.

Solution 4: Here the function is of the form xn with n = −3 and x 6= 0.


So we can again use Rule (2) to obtain f ′ (x) = −3x−3−1 = −3x−4 .

Example 4: Find the derivative of f (x) = xsin(3) if x 6= 0.

Solution 4: Since sin(3) is just a number, the function is of the form xn with n = sin(3) and x 6= 0.
So we can again use Rule (2) to obtain f ′ (x) = sin(3)xsin(3)−1 .
Example 5: Find the derivative of f (x) = e2x .

Solution 5: The function is of the form eax with a = 2.


So we can use Rule (3) to obtain f ′ (x) = 2e2x .

Example 6: Find the derivative of f (x) = e−x .

Solution 6: The function is of the form eax with a = −1.


So we can again use Rule (3) to obtain f ′ (x) = −1e−x = −e−x .

Example 7: Find the derivative of f (x) = ln(8x) where x > 0.

Solution 7: The function is of the form ln(ax) with a = 8 and ax > 0.


1
So we can use Rule (4) to obtain f ′ (x) = .
x
 
7
Example 8: Find the derivative of f (x) = ln − x where x < 0.
2
7
Solution 8: The function is of the form ln(ax) with a = − and ax > 0.
2
1
So we can again use Rule (4) to obtain f ′ (x) = .
x
Example 9: Find the derivative of f (x) = sin (6x).

Solution 9: The function is of the form sin(ax) with a = 6.


So we can use Rule (5) to obtain f ′ (x) = 6 cos(6x).
 
3
Example 10: Find the derivative of f (x) = sin − x .
2
3
Solution 10: The function is of the form sin(ax) with a = − .
 2
3 3
So we can again use Rule (5) to obtain f (x) = − cos − x .
′
2 2
Example 11: Find the derivative of f (x) = cos (11x).

Solution 11: The function is of the form cos(ax) with a = 11.


So we can use Rule (6) to obtain f ′ (x) = −11 sin (11x).

Example 12: Find the derivative of f (x) = cos (−πx).

Solution 12: The function is of the form cos(ax) with a = −π .


So we can again use Rule (6) to obtain f ′ (x) = −(−π) sin (−πx) = π sin(−πx).

Example 13: Find the derivative of f (x) = tan (9x) where 9x 6= π


2
+ kπ, k ∈ Z.

Solution 13: The function is of the form tan(ax) with a = 9 and ax 6= π2 + kπ, k ∈ Z.
So we can use Rule (7) to obtain f ′ (x) = 9 sec2 (9x).
 
9 9 π
Example 14: Find the derivative of f (x) = tan − x where − x 6= + kπ, k ∈ Z.
8 8 2
9 9 π
Solution 14: The function is of the form tan(ax) with a = − and − x 6= + kπ, k ∈ Z.
 8 8 2
9 9
So we can again use Rule (7) to obtain f ′ (x) = − sec2 − x .
8 8

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