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IGCSE Question Bank - Hardwaree

This document contains questions about computer hardware components and concepts. It asks the reader to identify parts of the CPU like the ALU and control unit, explain the fetch-decode-execute cycle, define terms like opcode and cache, discuss features of embedded systems like those in set-top boxes and security systems, and outline the process that occurs when a barcode is scanned.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

84 views35 pages

IGCSE Question Bank - Hardwaree

Uploaded by

shwetha.sn

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 35

IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

WORKSHEET

Page 1 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

3. Mention the components of CPU

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Define the following:

a) Arithmetic and Logic unit(ALU):

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 2 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

b) Control Unit:

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) System clock

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Match the following registers with its function

This register stores data which has just been

Current instruction register read from memory or data which is about to
be written to memory

This register stores the address where the

Accumulator
next instruction to be read can be found

This register stores the current instruction

Memory address register
being decoded and executed

This register stores the address of the

Memory data register memory location currently being read from
or written to

This register is used when carrying out ALU

Program counter calculations; it stores data temporarily
during the calculations

Page 3 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

6. Mention three buses of Von Neumann architecture:

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Explain fetch-decode-execute cycle

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. Define the following:

a) Over clocking

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Cache

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Opcode

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 4 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

d) Operand

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

e) Microcontrollers

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

f) Microprocessor

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Mention two drawbacks of embedded systems

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. How many channels can be used in the following core structure?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 5 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

11. Using the following figure explain the embedded system in a set top box

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. Explain the embedded system in a Security systems with the help of the diagram
below:
Page 6 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. Describe outputs in vending systems

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

14. Explain all the steps when a barcode is scanned.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 7 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. Explain QR code with the help of the diagram below:

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

16. Write two differences between barcode and QR code

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 8 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

17. What are frame QR codes?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

18. Explain the working of digital camera using the following figure

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

19. What is ergonomics keyboard?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 9 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

20. Explain the working of Microphone with the help of the following figure.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

21. Explain the working of Optical mouse with the help of the following figure.

Page 10 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

22. Mention two advantages of wired mouse

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

23. Mention two benefits of optical mouse over mechanical mouse

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

24. The five stages of scanning a document using 2D scanner are shown in the table
below.

Page 11 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

Put each stage in correct sequence by writing numbers from 1 to 5 in right hand column.

25. Fill in the blanks:

a) ____________ software allow the scanned text from the document to be converted
into a text file format.
b) An __________ mouse is an example of a pointing device.
c) In optical mouse,the CMOS generates electric pulses to represent the reflected red
light and these pulses are sent to a _________________processor.
d) __________- is an input device which converts the image into electronic form which
can be stored in computer.

26. Mention two technologies used in 3D scanner

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 12 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

27. Mention the positions used by face recognition software with the help of a diagram

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

28. Fill in the blanks:

a) _____________technology which basically builds up an image of the solid object

through a series of very thin ‘slices’. Each of these 2D ‘slices’ make up a
representation of the 3D solid object.
b) MRI stands for_____________________________________
c) SPECT stands for______________________________________

29. Name the technology used in the following figure:

…………………………………………………………..

Page 13 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

30. Define the following touch screens:

a) Capacitive

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Infrared

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Resistive (most common method at the moment)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

31. Mention two types of capacitive touch screens

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 14 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

32. Write one advantage and disadvantage of the following touch screens

Touch screen Advantage Disadvantage

capacitive

infrared

Resistive

33. Explain the working of Resistive touch screen with the help of the following figure.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

34. Explain the working of solenoid actuator

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 15 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

35. Mention two types of projectors

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

36. Explain digital light project with help of a diagram below

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

37. Explain the working principle of liquid crystal projector

Page 16 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

38. Write two advantages and disadvantages of the following projectors:

Projector Advantage Disadvantage

Digital light

projector (DLP)

LCD projector

39. Mention two technologies used in the production ink droplets used in inkjet and laser
printers

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 17 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

40. Describe 9 steps in inkjet printing process

1.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

3.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

4.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

5.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

6.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

7…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

8…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

9…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 18 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

41. Describe 11 steps in laser printing process

1.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

3.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

4.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

5.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

6.………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

7…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

8…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

9…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 19 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

10………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

11………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

42. Mention two applications of Inkjet and laser printer

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

43. How to create solid image using 3D printers?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

44. Mention two uses of 3D printing

Page 20 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

45. Explain LCD and LED technology

a) LCD……………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) LED……………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

46. Mention two advantages of LED over CCFL technology

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

47. Explain the working of OLED screen with the help of a diagram

Page 21 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

48. Mention four advantages of OLED compared to existing LEDs and LCDs:

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

49. Explain the working of loudspeaker with the help of a diagram

Page 22 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

50. Define the following:

a) Sensor

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Actuator

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

51. Identify the type of sensor and write it in the right column.

Page 23 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

measures temperature of the

surroundings by sending signals

measures water levels

switch on car headlights automatically

when it gets dark

these use an invisible beam of infrared

radiation picked up by a detector;

It is a transducer and generates

different electric currents depending on

the

pressure applied

that convert detected sound into electric

signals/pulses

detect the gas being monitored and

produce outputs that vary with the
oxygen or carbon dioxide levels present

these measure acidity through changes

in voltages

these sensors detect the presence of a

nearby object

these sensors measure the flow rate of a

moving liquid

sensors use ultrasonics to detect

changing

liquid levels

52. What is the difference between active infrared and passive infrared sensors?

Page 24 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

53. Give two examples of sensor monitoring system

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

54. Give two examples of sensor control system

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

55. Mention the different types of sensor used in security monitoring system

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

56. Explain the working of control of street light using sensor

Page 25 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

57. Mention the type of sensor used in Anti-lock braking systems

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

58. Explain the working of control of central heating system

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

59. Mention the types of sensors used in chemical process control

Page 26 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

60. Mention the types of sensors used in Green house environment control

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

61. What is primary memory?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

62. What is secondary memory?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

63. Is RAM a primary memory? Mention two features of RAM

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

64. Is RAM volatile in nature? Give reasons

Page 27 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

65. What are the types of RAM?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

66. What does the RAM consists of? Explain each one of them

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

67. Mention two differences between SRAM and DRAM

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

68. What is flip flops?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

69. What is ROM? Mention two features of ROM

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

70. Explain magnetic storage with an example

Page 28 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

71. What are removable external storage hard drives?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

72. What is an issue found in hard disk? How SSD can overcome the issue?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

73. Mention the types of gates used in SSD?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

74. Explain flash memory with the help of a diagram below.

Page 29 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

75. What is SSD endurance?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

76. What are Memory sticks?

Page 30 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

77. Mention one difference between CD and DVD

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

78. Give two differences between DVD and Blu ray

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

79. What is the advantage of virtual memory?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

80. Define the following:

Page 31 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

a) Paging

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Page

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Data blocks……………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) Disk thrashing

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

e) Thrash point

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

81. Mention two benefits of virtual memory

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 32 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

82. Explain the different types of cloud

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

83. Mention two drawbacks of cloud storage

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

84. Fill in the blanks

a) A _______________________ is needed to allow a device to connect to a network.

b) A ____________________ address is made up of 48 bits which are shown as six
groups of hexadecimal digits.
c) __________MAC address set by the manufacturer at the factory.

85. Explain the format of MAC address

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

86. What is an IP?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 33 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

87. Explain the following:

a) IPV4

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) IPV6

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

88. Mention two advantages of IPV6 over IPV4

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

89. Mention three differences between MAC address and IP address

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

90. What is the difference between static address and dynamic address?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 34 of 35
IGCSE Unit 3 Hardware 2023-24

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

91. What is Router?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

92. Explain DHCP server?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

**********

Page 35 of 35

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