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(Week 4)

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Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the

Development and Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that
you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!

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 Let’s Learn

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the nature of Personal Development. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
The module is divided into three lessons, namely:
 Lesson 1 – Challenges during Adolescence
 Lesson 2 – Affirmations

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify ways that help one become capable and responsible adolescent
prepared for adult life; and
2. discuss understanding of mental health and psychological well-being to
identify ways to cope with the stress during adolescence.

Let’s Try
Multiple Choice. Read the questions below and write the letter that
corresponds to your answer on another sheet of paper.
1. What is the key ingredient for improving your relationships with others?
A. Attitude C. Personality
B. Behavior D. Encouragement
2. Which is NOT an example of emotional development which is
experience by an adolescent?
A. seeking privacy and time alone
B. experiencing intimate partnerships
C. completing the development of sexual trait
D. concerning about physical and sexual attractiveness

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3. What is the lifeblood of relationship?
A. Love C. Friendship
B. Cooperation D. Encouragement
4. Who developed Encouragement as a psychological idea?
A. Alfred Adler C. Timothy Evans
B. Emily De Carlo D. Rudolph Dreikurs
5. What is the first step to becoming an encouraging person?
A. Give praise
B. Provide motivation
C. Avoid discrimination
D. Distinguish encouragement from discouragement
6. What is the tendency for people to unite themselves with other human
beings and to accomplish their tasks in cooperation with others?
A. Work Interest C. Social Interest
B. Group Interest D. Personal Interest
7. Which is NOT an example of mental development which is experience
by an adolescent?
A. starts to have more intellectual interests
B. starts to develop moral ideals and to select role models
C. has a better understanding of complex problems and issues
D. becomes better able to set goals and think in terms of the future
8. What conveys the idea that all human beings are worthwhile?
A. Love C. Appreciation
B. Praise D. Encouragement
9. Which is an example of physical development which is experience by an
adolescent?
A. explores romantic and sexual behaviors with others
B. becomes better able to set goals and think in terms of the future
C. most girls have completed the physical changes related to puberty
by age 15
D. may complain that parents prevent him or her from doing things
independently

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10. What are the declarations that are meant to encourage you to take
control of the influences in your life?
A. Self-Declarations C. Group Declarations
B. Direct Declarations D. Personal Declarations

11. What will happen to adolescents when they have low self-esteem?

A. They will feel neglected.

B. They will feel contented.
C. They will feel uncomfortable.
D. They will feel anxiety and depression
12. Which is an example of social development which is experience by an
adolescent?
A. is self-involved
B. friends become more important
C. is more aware of social behaviors of friends
D. has a better understanding of complex problems and issues
13. What is the period of life that teens face many issues and decision
making?
A. Adult C. Late Adolescence
B. Transition D. Middle Adolescence
14. What is a very important factor to develop good mental health among
adolescents?
A. Praise C. Encouragement
B. Motivation D. High self-esteem
15. Marlon participates in their group project and encourages his
classmates to give their comments and suggestions about their project.
What kind of interest he exhibits in this situation?
A. Self-interest C. Group interest
B. Social interest D. Personal interest

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 Lesson
CHALLENGES DURING
1 ADOLESCENCE
Teens face many obstacles, problems and decisions during this period
of transition. As adolescents continue their self-discovery journey, they must
continually adjust to new experiences as well as the other changes that
happen to them in all aspects of human development.

In this lesson, we will learn the different challenges during adolescence

to guide and help them able to clarify and manage the demands of teen years.
Understanding these obstacles, as a person, we can plan efficiently and help
them prepare for adult life to become competent and responsible.

“The youth is the hope of

Let’s Recall
our future”.
Dr. Jose Rizal

Guide Questions:

1. This is one of the famous quotes of Dr. Jose Rizal. What do you think is
the importance of the message for young people like you?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. Do you think this quote is still applicable to our youth today? How will
you describe our youth nowadays?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

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 3. What are the challenges being faced by our adolescents nowadays?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

Let’s Explore

Read and understand the poem entitled “The Youth of Today” by Barry
Mowles.

The Youth of Today

Posted by Poetry by Barry Mowles-Destiny to Write Publications November 21, 2011

Our modern world is changing, and everyone is busy blaming the youth of today;

But how can we blame the future, when it was us who made their world this way.

Our street corners are full, as our children think that it’s okay to walk into the
darkness with a knife;

When did we stop teaching our kids that the greatest ever gift, is quite simply LIFE.

Footballers earning a million pound a month, whilst children in Africa sit crying
their hunger pain;

Pier pressure is weighing down our future generations, as they begin to buckle
under the strain.

Our children are now living in a virtual world, with MSN, Facebook and Twitter,
they no longer need to speak face to face;

If only they knew time is valuable, and a lost childhood is the one thing that no one
could ever replace.

Girls desperate to be thin, as their air brushed idols kneel at the toilet throwing up
their breakfast, lunch and tea;

A silent generation sits texting on the latest mobile, whilst playing their PS3.

Faces hide behind hoodies, but not all youngsters want to go out and cause a riot;

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 Each of us is born with a hidden gift, but our future children have just forgotten
how to find it.

We are leaving a broken planet to our children’s children, whilst our Governments
just spout hot air, adding to our global warming;

With the worlds ice caps still melting, and our wildlife slowly disappearing, this is
starting to sound more like a global warming.

Older generations demand respect, but its one way traffic, as respect back is
something they do not show;

Instead of teaching our children how to fly, we tie them down with yet another
ASBO.

If only they knew time is valuable, and a lost childhood is the one thing that no one
could ever replace.

Girls desperate to be thin, as their air brushed idols kneel at the toilet throwing up
their breakfast, lunch and tea;

A silent generation sits texting on the latest mobile, whilst playing their PS3.

Faces hide behind hoodies, but not all youngsters want to go out and cause a riot;

Each of us is born with a hidden gift, but our future children have just forgotten
how to find it.

We are leaving a broken planet to our children’s children, whilst our Governments
just spout hot air, adding to our global warming;

With the worlds ice caps still melting, and our wildlife slowly disappearing, this is
starting to sound more like a global warming.

Older generations demand respect, but its one way traffic, as respect back is
something they do not show;

Instead of teaching our children how to fly, we tie them down with yet another
ASBO.

Frustration and neglect flows through the streets of this concrete jungle, the one
place that we now all call our home;

Bullies and racists still torture their victims, leaving them to cry in the shadows, all
on their own.

Plastic surgery changing bodies, changing faces, as the years pass the dreams we
all had as children slowly fade away;

Before long the dawn of a new generation will begin, and no doubt people will still
be blaming,

THE YOUTH OF TODAY.

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Guide Questions:
1. As you read from the poem, give at least 3 challenges of the youth today
that were highlighted by the author?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
2. How will describe the kind of society the youth of today have?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

3. Identify the issues describe in the poem. As a youth, how can you solve
those issues?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

Let’s Elaborate

The Passage to Adulthood: Challenges of Late

Adolescence

There are significant changes in development and difficulties

associated with puberty, as young people learn and integrate the pre-

requisite skills, attitudes, beliefs and social capital to turn successfully into

adulthood. Late adolescence and subsequent period, often referred to as

adulthood, were noted as especially important to set the stage

for continued life-span development as individuals begin making choices

and engaging in a range of activities that will influence the rest of their lives.

Here are some developmental challenges late adolescents

encountered in the different aspects of their lives.

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Physical Development
Most girls have completed the physical changes related to puberty by age 15.
Boys are still maturing and gaining strength, muscle mass, and height and are
completing the development of sexual traits.

Emotional Development
May stress over school and test scores.
Is self-involved (may have high expectations and low self-concept).
Seeks privacy and time alone.
Is concerned about physical and sexual attractiveness.
May complain that parents-prevent him or her from doing things independently.
Start to want both physical and emotional intimacy in relationships.
Experiences of intimate relationships
Social Development
Shifts in relationship with parents from dependency and subordination to one
that reflects the adolescent’s increasing maturity and responsibilities in the
family and the community
Is more and more aware of social behaviors of friends
Seeks friends that share the same beliefs, values, and interests
Friends become more important
Starts to have more intellectual interests
Explores romantic and sexual behaviors with others
May influenced by peers to try risky behaviors (school, tobacco, sex)
Mental Development
Becomes better able to set goals and think in terms of the future
Has a better understanding of complex problems and issues
Starts to develop moral ideals and to select role models
(Source: http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/49326/179_ftp.pdf)

Lesson

AFFIRMATIONS
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Encouragement is the key ingredient for improving your relationships

with others. It is the single most important skill necessary for getting along

with others--so important that the lack of it could be considered the primary

cause of conflict and misbehavior. Encouragement develops a person’s

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psychological hardiness and social interest. Encouragement is the lifeblood

of a relationship.

Encouragement is not a new idea. Its spiritual dates back to the Bible

in Hebrews 3:11 which states, “Encourage one another daily.”

Encouragement, as a psychological idea, was developed by psychiatrist Alfred

Adler in the early 20th century and continue to evolve through the work of

Adler’s follower Rudolph Dreikurs.

Encouragement is not a technique, nor it is a special language used to

gain compliance. Encouragement conveys the idea that all human beings are

worthwhile, simply because they exist. Encouragement enhances a feeling of

belonging which leads to greater social interest. Social interest is the

tendency for people to unite themselves with other human beings and to

accomplish their tasks in cooperation with others.

The first step to becoming an encouraging person is to learn to

distinguish encouragement from discouragement. As a rule, ask yourself:

“Whatever I say or do, will bring me closer together or farther apart from

this person?”

(Source: http://centervideo.forest.usf.edu/qpi/goalsofpar/handout02.pdf)

Let’s Dig In

Activity 1.1 Discover Yourself.

As an adolescent, list at least two developmental challenges for each
aspect of human development you encountered in your everyday life. Fill up
the matrix below.

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 Physical Social

Discovering
Myself

Emotional Mental

Processing Questions:
1. Based on your answers, what is the most difficult developmental
challenge you encountered in your life? Briefly explain why?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. How did such most difficult developmental challenge affect you as an
adolescent?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. How were you able to manage and overcome this challenge?

_____________________________________________________________________

Activity 1.2 I am a Lovable and Capable Teenager

When adolescents feel lovable and capable, the conditions of

depression, anxiety or panic will be significantly less. High self-esteem is very
important for good mental health among adolescents. Adolescents with high

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self-esteem are more likely to achieve, develop better relationships, and
generally make the most of themselves.

As an adolescent, identify your characteristics that make you a

lovable and capable teenager. Being loveable makes one more acceptable
and appealing to others because of the inner goodness in him or her. Being
capable makes one recognize his or her abilities and gifts to fully develop
oneself and eventually put them to serve others. Draw symbols inside the
boxes that reflect your being a “lovable” and a “capable” teenager. Draw your
symbol Write short explanations about these symbols in two to three
sentences on the space provided below.

I AM A LOVABLE AND CAPABLE TEENAGER

LOVABLE CAPABLE

Let’s Remember

ONE WORD/PHRASE
Think of a WORD or PHRASE that will capture your understanding of the
lesson. Write it inside the box and explain it in one sentence.

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Explanation:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.

Let’s Apply

My Personal Declarations

Personal Declarations are meant to encourage you to take control of

the influences in your life. They are suggestions as to what positive things you
can speak about your own life instead of accepting whatever has been said
about you in the past. You now have the authority to plant the seeds of love,
encouragement, and victory in your garden, thereby crowding out the weeds
of negativity that may already have taken root!
Write your own personal declaration. Make a creative slogan to
highlight the impact of your personal declarations in your life.

I declare:
that I am ______________________________________________________
that I am ______________________________________________________
that I am ______________________________________________________
that I am ______________________________________________________
that I am ____________________________________________________

Slogan:

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 Let’s Evaluate

Multiple Choice. Read the statements below and write the letter that
corresponds to your answer.

______1. It is the life blood of relationship.

A. Social interest C. High Self-esteem
B. Encouragement D. Personal Declaration

______2. It is very important for promoting good mental health among

adolescents.
A. Support C. Encouragement
B. Understanding D. High Self-esteem

______3. It is an example of physical development challenge which is

experience by an adolescent.
A. Selects role models C. Development of sexual traits
B. Intimate partnership D. Seeking privacy and time alone

______4. He is a psychiatrist who developed encouragement as a psychological

idea.
A. Alfred Adler C. Dr. Emily De Carlo
B. Rudolph Dreikurs D. Robert Havighurst

______5. The period where adolescent has stable and unchanged life.
A. Adult C. Late Adolescence
B. Transition D. Middle Adolescence

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______6. It is the tendency for people to unite themselves with other human
beings and to accomplish their tasks in cooperation with others.
A. Social interest C. Mental interest
B. Group interest D. Emotional interest
______7. The first step for becoming an encouraging person.
A. Give praises
B. Set expectations
C. Provide motivations
D. Distinguish encouragement from discouragement

______8. This is one of the mental developments experience by an adolescent.

A. Friends become more important
B. Starts to have more intellectual interests
C. Explores romantic and sexual behaviors with others
D. Better understanding of complex problems and issues

______9. This is likely to happen when adolescents do not feel that they are
love and capable of doing things responsibly.
A. Neglect things C. Suicidal tendency
B. Lack of interest D. Anxiety and Depression

______10. It conveys the idea that all human beings are worthwhile, simply
because they exist.
A. Encouragement C. Social interest
B. High Self-esteem D. Personal Declaration

______11. Fe seeks friends whom she can share same beliefs, values, and
interests. This is a manifestation of ____________ development.
A. Social C. Physical
B. Mental D. Emotional

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______12. Lucy stressed over with her school works and test scores. This is an
example of _______ development.
A. Physical C. Social
B. Emotional D. Mental

______13. These declarations are meant to encourage you to take control of

the influences in your life.
A. Encouragement C. Social Declarations
B. Group Declarations D. Personal Declarations

______14. It is considered as primary cause of conflicts and misbehavior.

A. Lack of motivation C. Lack of encouragement
B. Lack of self-esteem D. Lack of self determination

______15. Ben is an achiever and has good relationship with others. This
shows that
A. He is hard working. C. He is cooperative.
B. He has good attitude. D. He has high self-esteem

Let’s Extend

Read and analyze the Case Study below. Write down your answer on
the following questions.
Case Study
Shalini and her friends in class 9 were preparing for the school’s annual
function. All of them were very excited. Anita, one of Shalini’s classmates
mocked at her, “You are so dark. We will need additional light to be able to
see you on the stage.”

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 Shalini’s good friend, Madhu felt bad for Shalini and advised her to use
a cream to make her complexion lighter. “You already dance so well. Can you
imagine how nice you will look on the stage if you had a lighter complexion?”
Shalini smiled and said, “Thank you, Madhu. I appreciate your concern
but I am happy with my complexion. My teacher and I are working hard on
my dance practice and I am confident that our efforts and your good wishes
will lead to a good performance.”
(:http://www.ncert.nic.in/programmes/aep/pdfs/MODULE%204%20UNDERSTANDING%20ADOLESCENCE.pdf)

Processing Questions:
1. What do you think of Anita’s remark about Shalini?
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Do you think that having a light complexion is important for being
beautiful?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Do you think that Madhu is trying to perpetuate the stereotype that having
a light complexion is an important component of being beautiful?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. What do you think of Shalini’s response?
___________________________________________________________________________

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References

Evans, T. Encouragement 101: The Courage to Be Imperfect

http://centervideo.forest.usf.edu/qpi/goalsofpar/handout02.pdf

Fernandez, B. et al.(2016) Personal Development 1st Ed. Department of

Education. Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House, Inc.:
Quezon City

Mowles, B. (2011) The Youth of Today

https://poetrybybarrymowles.wordpres.com/2011/11/12/new-
poem-the-youth-of-today/

Module 4 Understanding Adolescence

http://www.ncert.nic.in/programmes/aep/pdfs/MODULE%204%20
UNDERSTANDING%20ADOLESCENCE.pdf

Zarrett, NR. (2006) The Passage to Adulthood: Challenges of Late

Adolescence
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/49326/17
9_ftp.pdf

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 Development Team of the Module
Writers: MICHELLE N. NIVERIO
Editors:
Content Evaluator: ADELYN T. PALAS
Language Evaluator: PAMELA T. SERRAN/ REMEDIOS C. LIM
Illustrator: MA. CRISTINA JAVIER
Layout Artist: MARIVIE B. SANTOS
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS
DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
QUINN NORMAN O. ARREZA, SHS Focal Person
FERDINAND PAGGAO, EPS AP
DR DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS – LRMS/ALS

For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig city and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: [email protected]

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