Scribd
Upload
14 views

C Programming Lecture 02

The document discusses variables and data types in C programming. It defines what variables are, how they are declared and initialized, and the different scopes and types of variables. The main types discussed are integer, floating point, character, and local vs global variables. It also covers the sizeof operator and basic rules for naming variables.

Uploaded by

Mahir Shahriar Efty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views

C Programming Lecture 02

The document discusses variables and data types in C programming. It defines what variables are, how they are declared and initialized, and the different scopes and types of variables. The main types discussed are integer, floating point, character, and local vs global variables. It also covers the sizeof operator and basic rules for naming variables.

Uploaded by

Mahir Shahriar Efty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 31

Lecture 02:

Variable and Data Type


Dr. Md Forhad Rabbi
Variable in C programming Language

 Variable is name of reserved area allocated in memory. In


other words, it is a name of memory location.
 Variables are used to store information to be referenced
and manipulated in a computer program.
 It is helpful to think of variables as containers that hold
information.
 Each variable in C has a specific type, which determines
the size and layout of the variable's memory; the range of
values that can be stored within that memory; and the set
of operations that can be applied to the variable.
Variable in C programming Language
Variable
 You must declare all variables before they can be used.
Following is the basic form of a variable declaration
Variable Declaration and Initialization in
two step;
Variable Declaration and Initialization in
one step
Rules for naming variables:
 All variable names must begin with a letter of the alphabet, an
underscore, or ( _ ), or a dollar sign ($). The convention is to always
use a letter of the alphabet. The dollar sign and the underscore are
discouraged.
 Digit at start is not allowed.
 A variable’s name can be any legal identifier.
 After the first initial letter, variable names may also contain letters
and the digits 0 to 9. No spaces or special characters are allowed.
 The name can be of any length, but don't get carried away.
Remember that you will have to type this name.
 Uppercase characters are distinct from lowercase characters. Using
ALL uppercase letters are primarily used to identify constant
variables. Remember that variable names are case-sensitive.
 You cannot use a C keyword (reserved word) for a variable name.
 White space is not permitted.
Integer Number Variables
 To declare an int you use the instruction:
int variable name;
For example: int roll;
declares that you want to create an int variable
called roll.
 To assign a value to our integer variable we would use
the following C statement:
roll=20;
 The C programming language uses the "=" character
for assignment. A statement of the form roll=20; should
be interpreted as take the numerical value 20 and store it in
a memory location associated with the integer variable a
Decimal Number Variables

 C uses one of two keywords to declare a variable that is


to be associated with a decimal number:
float and double
float total;
double sum;
 To assign a numerical value to our floating point and
double precision variables we would use the following C
statement:
total=0.0;
sum=12.50;
Character Variables

 To declare a variable of type character we use the


keyword char. - A single character stored in one byte.
For example: char ch;
 To assign, or store, a character value in a char data type
is easy - a character variable is just a symbol enclosed by
single quotes. For example, if c is a char variable you can
store the letter A in it using the following C statement:
ch='A'
Variable Declaration and Initialization in C
Programming Language
 C is a strongly typed language. Every variable must be
declared, indicating its data type before it can be used. The
declaration can also involve explicit initialization, giving
the variable a value; a variable that is declared but not
explicitly initialized is of uncertain value (and should be
regarded as dangerous until it is initialized).
Variable Declaration and Initialization in C
Programming Language
Declaration of Variable
Initialization of Variable
Type of Variable and their Scope in C
Programming Language
 The C programming language defines the following kinds
of variables:
❑ Constant Variables
❑ Volatile Variables
❑ Local Variable
❑ Global Variable
Constant Variables
Volatile Variables
Global Variables
Global Variables
Global Variable
Global Variable
Local Variables
 Local variables are declared within a function definition
and thus could only be accessed from anywhere in that
function in which it is declared.
 Thus, local variables have their scope local to the function
in which they are declared and are unknown to other
functions outside their own function.
 Local variables are defined and initialized every time a
function containing them is called and as soon as the
compiler exits from that function, the local variable is
destroyed.
Local Variables
Local Variables
Local Variables
Datatypes in C Programming
sizeof(DataType) Operator

You might also like