3 2.

network
overlay Lpersonal
network
areaAvirtual
network
private Which What
network
network
chief network
(c) prime
(d) prior (b) ca builtWhich (c) Blueteothr
(a)
share and screen
Acomputer A
wide documentsand
computer Thepresentations A resources is
on local collection device
of type devices
the of area area computer a
the physical
top Lhe used
network network s of
following
of of
folowing internal that
another software interconnected
to network?
casing display
can Data
computer components
network? is
communicate
that used information
an
networks example protects CreateLo computers CommunicationTopic
Test
on
and|5.
is of a
6.
4.
7.

What computer
network
(c) system
networking
system ?/When
(al) appears
(b) maiclients,
Smartphones(c) Which How s)
Switch device
information A ofHHA The The
A A doseta The distributed
are system
process process different what
ofprocess two computer computer computer nodes
this Bdt as a
a/
devices TÌ/al collection
is a
is is is in devices in thissingle
PIDs
not running active with one that that that a
become of computer called?
(b)PC a device of coherent
Servers(d) network and originates
above terminates routes of
a are the
on various
process is same part
both another processes thenetwork?
edge able
ofa the
system
devices the data
is in to computers
device? network? data data
inactive exchange
another running to 66
1 its
 10. 8

(c) (a)Which When Domain

(a?/Which
)Name
(b) System? connection?
Star(c) Rin(ga?/which
) Communication
machines?
ai¥i unicast
(c) (a)
a) FraI TOPIC
TEST
network
authenticate
1000 1000 3TG54uT-yfI91
DI^A/ foTí authorize behavior
network FaI Distributed
None database
system 5 * anycast 3?/Which
of discussing
BASE-LX the
ASE-SXk¥) 3/ of
Hde/
ld/An
following It the a/A of networke
broadcast
network
network
the A
refers
single the topology
the users IDS/IPS,mentioned single type
electronic channel
(b) identity serverfollowing Mesh(d) Bus6) (b)
are on to computer of
All 1000
Attack-definitionfile requires multicast
a what network
of Gigabit network "normal,"
baseline amongtalhel
BASE-CX
the signature
of
a is maintains
mentionedEthernets? user a multipoint a network
signature? shares
onused
the to the the
18.

requires Internet
Ethernet
.(a (c) Fi(ble)
(a) 3TqNGI protocol (a) Which CNNET
ASAPNET
(c) (a) What PAN(c) campus?
MAN(a)
communication ÞI (circuit
a) What
(b) network? (d) (C) (b) privateWhich
(Star protocol
Ring Hypertext GldI qoFull Storage Localnctwork
d q Enterprise Virtual
private
was does
a protocol
transfer of ifrsource network of
for the ?/What dA ad area
central Bt the the
Communication
Data
the each area
transferfollowing name YAT/Only qdi/
/Which internet? system it and following
private network across
controller oN/A packet network
ARPANET
NSFNET(d) oo of WAN(d) AP)LAN isdestination Only
Mesh(d) Bus(b) protocol the he network
destination public
is first within short source contain
or the term networks
network
hub? network? VC
address networks?
network a for address
building number address in
topology the a extends
virtual
layer data
or
 24. 23. 21.
19.
Unipoint
(C) (a) in
.. HIT isSyntax a oSimplex
Gtldsi
IETF server
Protocol(c) message
travels. /A a)Ethernet? WhatStruct
(c) (f-nfe (c) structureTheor (c)ID 14* computer
The Half-duplex
(a) involvedenfAe server
Communication
Print(d)server(c) .(aFileshareWhich
ayfath RFC aj YNetwork TOPICTEST
Point Þd IEEE 1EEE IETF
serd zlar compuler
of
to
connection. 802.3gb
802.3g and in
/Three the standards the
point is fey
communication
a /What following
the IEEE keyboard? programs
Multipoint e or IEEE
(d) Medium s physical ef (b) Formatting Automatic
Full-duplex
(d) (b)
more Route(d) Semantics
(d) (b) format DFC(d) RCF(b) type
documents
Simplex iEEE IEEE H4F standard
devices andallows
path 802.3z802.3u I? of of
transmission data?
data LAN
share over for between
are
which is users
a
Gigabit called called
link
a is to
29. 27.
8Virtual
(d) network
private privateWhich congestion
Network
occurs called is
(aprotocols
)layer,
RouterBridge
e abetween A (c) fbyi
by
a (d) information network,(bUnicast
(yBroadcast
network
terminates When When
e/Protocol
yiiai
suite b all
Storage
Enterprise
network
private network
yocal
area In In uiolei ieicaie Multicast he
network case case psera iiim
of networks T
a usedby machines
/Communication
Communication
Data
area
the ofConnection system of yUleft/ 31LR/ is
transfer traffic ia included
E/Protocol a network
following
across device
network Protocol
terminates system,
one a on
overloading Protocol Firewall
Hub(d) (b)\o in by
public failure processing
the that (d) the
between
networks system
stack glldi packet.forwards Anycast ne<work
channel
networks? architecture
nodes
two protocolper /A the in
extends network
is
list packets
routing shared
3
of
a
 35. 31.

switching
Frequency
switching
(d) Line communication
switching between
(c) Packet
switching
Circuitb} (a)reserved fy sa (c) (b) (a) data (c) example
(a) 3432UT
(d) (c) b (a) Most telephone
line?Which
341Rtea Packet LiCircuit
ne Packet
through * ER Bit
switchedPacket An A TOPIC
TEST
s packet low-speed A
medium-speed
high-speed A
end switching 3fr R3ñr ofT/Aultra-high of
for T
switching
switchingswitching ?/What r 3 yiti3 switchede(b) a this
systems /The a switches ..........
the network 4¢/Stop HteT 3TT local is
between o/ downstream not
duration and as/Store speed downstream
in required and and and are /Store Stop switched telephone
Line(d) network. a
bit use downstream constituent
Circuit
of the and
end switching Line Line links and this Circuit downstream
forward and
of switching Methods
switching and wait
principle channel
resources switching
method.systems and forward switched network channelJ
the wait
switches? channel of
session to channel residential
move is
are for
an
41.
40. 37.

MANCountries,
(c) LAN(a) the orData Riconnection.
n(gc) Star(a) Ringcontroller
(c) hub?Which Topology
or Networking (c) Aej Physicalswitching
frequency
switching (b) allocated
demand.on/In
(d) lineswitching
(c) packet (a) GldT
fäsiua/Reliability (cNpd switching,
)communicating
Authentication
(d) yHujtouT/
b) (a) As
Star
communication circuit the
network n resources
topology
requires or
logical switching 3N tetr Communication Data
whole
world is 3td
/Guaranteed
topology
PAN(d) cayBus Mesh(b) Bus(d) Mesh(b) arrangement
Control
achieved. is end are
WAN 6system Routing
(d) (b) resOurces
Systems,
are /
Store reserved
systems
spanning requires
a and constant
of belween
multipoint network forward in
states, a
central rate circuit
two
is
 Data Communication
TOPICTEST
49.
Data communication system within a building Multiplexing provides
or campus is... (a) Zdi/Efficiency (b) it4át4a/ Privacy
(a) LAN (b) WAN (c) t fT/Anti jamming
(c) MAN (d) PAN
43. WAN FT Hd Both Efficiency & Privacy
WAN stands for .......... 50.
(a) Worldarea network An interconnected collection of piconet is called
(o Wide area network
(c) Web area network Scatternet (b) micronet
(d) Web access network (c) mininet (d) multinet
44. 51.
In TOM, slots are further divided into t Hod }/In a piconet, there can be up to
(a) Seconds (byFrames parked nodes in the network.
(c) Packets (d) Bits (a) 63 (b) 127
45. ey 255 (d) 511
52. sgr
The sharing of amedium and its link by two or Bluetooth isthe wireless technology for
more devices is called (a) Local area network
(a) Fully duplexing b Multiplexing (b Personal area network
(c) Micropleixng (d) Duplexing (c) Metropolitan area network
46. H o f i cbl JUT (d) Wide area network
Multiplexing is used in 53.
(a) Packet switching Bluetooth uses
b Circuit switching
(c) Data switching Frequency hopping spread spectrum
(d) Packet & Circuit switching (b) siTeiiHG âet fsita Hoartfi
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
If there are n signal sources of same data rate, Time division multiplexing
then the TDM link has slots.
n (b) n/2 Channel division multiplexing
(c) n*2 (d) 2n 54.

Unauthorised access of information from a

The state when dedicated signals are idle are wireless device through a bluetooth connection
called is called ...
(a) Death period (b) Poison period (a) Bluemaking (b Bluesnarfing
(silent period (d) Stop period (c) Bluestring (d) Dluescoping
 TOPICTEST Data Communication

55. Which of the following options acts as a barrier

60. tT THdojg /WiMAX stands for
(a) Wireless maximum communication
between local Area Network (LAN) and the
Internet? Worldwide interoperatbility for microwaye
accesS

(c) Worldwide international standard

microwave access
for
(a) sQL Injection
(b) Hashing (d) Wireless internet
maximum
fc) Firewall communication
(d) Cross Server Scripting 61. ai$t
56. Which of the following types of network is WiMAX uses the
larger than LAN but smaller than WAN?

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

(a) CAN 6) MAN
(c) GAN (d) PAN
57. erzieiar fsqigH. Time division multiplexing
Bluetooth transceiver devices operate in
band. Space division multiplexing
s) 2.4 GHz ISM (b) 2.5 GHz ISM
(c) 2.6 GHz ISM (d) 2.7 GHz ISM
Channel division multiplexing
58. sgA 62. In topology, each communicating
Bluetooth supports device is connected with every other device in
(a) ige-z-yi_z oRA the network.
Point-t0-point connections
(b) isZ--Hoyist hArRA
Point-to-multipoint connection (a) Star (b) Bus
ey Mesh (d) Ring
Connections
63. qH ad-hoceao
Both point-to-point and
In wireless ad-hoc netWork
point-to-multipoint connection

Multipoint to point connection Access point is not required

59.
A scatternet can have maximum
Access point is must
(a) 10 piconets
(b) 20 piconets Nodes are not required
(c) 30piconets
(d) 40 piconets
All nodes are access points

6
 TOPICTEST Data Communication

64. a4ro LAN fay IEEE 802.11 445 GRT fT68. qua VHqo 0UtAT (WEP) I}?
What is VWired Equivalent Priv.cy (WEP)?
Which multiple access technique is used by (a) $avdzFfay rHT yrvfZH
IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless LAN? Security algorithm for ethernet
(a) CDMA b) cSMA/CA
Securityalgorithm for wireless networks
(c) ALOHA (d) CSMA/CD
65. qre fadU yUiet ...
In wireless distribution system Security algorithm for usb communication

Security algorithm for emails

Multiple access point are inter-connected 69. WPA FT?/What is WPA?
with each other
a Wi-fi protected access
There is no access point
(b) Wired protected access
(c) Wired process access
(d) Wi-fiprocess access
Only oneaccess point exists
The effectiveness of data communication
Access points are not required systems depends on
a) Delivery, Accuracy, Timeliness,Jitter
(b) Only Accuracy
(c) Only Jitter
A wireless network interface controller can
(d) None of the above
Work in..... ....
71.
(a) Infrastructure mode The components of data communication is/are
(b) Ad-hoc mode (a) Hzer 3N iaHii/Message and Protocol
e Both infrastructure mode and ad-hoc (b) yco rfrigg/Sender and Receiver
mode (c) ziA HTH/ Transmission medium
(d) WDS mode e) sui Â/Alof the above

In wireless network an extended service set is a The number of bits transmitted between source
set of and destination in one second is It is

measured in terms of
Connected basic service sets (a) Bandwidth, hertz
(b) T ReTA/All stations (b) Data transfer rate, hertz
(c) TÌ yRH AI`e/ All access points (c) Data communication rate, bandwidth
(d) a zY ;HH qIs./Connected access points Data transfer rate, bits per second
 TOPIC TEST DataCommunication

73.
Match the following
reliable
A. Syntax i. fägnt E1 E/Set of rules ) They are more secure and hence
B. Semantics i. 3I when compared to wired networks.
HNos/ Structure or format
of data
C. Timing (c) Installation is quick when compared to
wired networks
3fet/ Meaning of each
section of bits
D. Protocol (d) Slow transmission speed when compared
When data should be sent towired networks
(a) A-ii, B-i,C-iv, D-iii
78. Consider the following communication
(b) A-, B-iv,C-i, D-ii
(c) A-ii, B-i, C-iii, D-iv technologies:
(t) A-ii, 8-ii, C-iv, D-i
1. Closed-circuit Television
The capacityof a channel is measured in terms
of: 2. Radio Frequency ldentification
(a) sfagu/ Bandwidth
(b) 3iczgI RIH0GYUT R/Data Transfer Rate 3. Wireless Local Area NetWork

(e) (a)sir (b) ¿iii/ Both (a) and (b)

(d) 34H a1$TEI/ None of these Which of the above are considered Short
Range devices/technologies?
Which of the following is antivirussoftware?
(a) T (b)
(a) land 2 only/pqo 13r 2
(b) 2 and3 only/pqri 2 3 3
The fullform of Wi-Fi is
(a) Wired Files/u[ 5Ign! (c) land 3 only/qet l3r 3
(b) Wireless File/ar4reH I^el ZloHbe (1, 2 and 3/1, 2 tr 3
(c) Wireless Finder/aroH EISST 79. Servers are computers that provide resources
(e Wireless Fidelity/quro ftpsfoi which are connected to a......
77. Which among the following is NOT true with
reference towireless networks?

(a) Client/rvße
(a) Wireless means without wire, media that is o Network/àzas
made up of electromagnetic waves (EM (c) Super Computer/ z a
Waves) or infrared waves/qI4roH aI Hdelg Mainframe / E4
8
 TOPIC TEST
Data Communication
which of these establishes communication 4 Which of
80. these networks usually spread over
between servers and Work stations?

(a) PAN (b) LAN

(a) Interspace/$<g to) WAN (d) MAN
(b) Backbone/tbia 85. Technologies like ATM, SONET and Frane
es Terminal Access Point/zfido iac Relay are used by:
(d) Gateway/icà ATM, SONET 3Ír Frame Relay eî doái I
81. Which of the following terms best describes the
process of interconnecting two or more (a) LAN (b) PAN
networks toform a single large network? o WAN (d) MAN
Which of the following devices cannot be
shared on a computer network?

(a) Merging/faetg
(b) Intranet/3vz (a) Hard Drive ej Keyboard
(c) Virtualization/ajstlgerA (c) CD Drive (d) Printer
sd Internetworking/$r-àtaf 87. Which among the following cannot be shared
82. If computers in a LAN are connected along a on netWork?
single cable then the name given to such a
topology is (a) Disk/fs
(b) Printer/füee
ef Processor/ue
(a Bus topology (d) CD ROM/st H
(b) Star topology 88. Which of the folowing is, "A device used to
(c) Mesh topology connect two separate Ethernet networks into
(d) Hierarchical topology one extended Ethernet."?
83. A linear LAN architecture in which
transmissions from various stations on the
network are reproduced over the length of the
medium and are accepted by all other stations a) Bridge/f (b) Router/32
on that network is known as: (c) Repeater/tetR (d) Modem/sH
Which ot the following is essential for WAN
hardware?

(a) Mesh Topology (by Bus Topology (a) Bridge/fasi (b) Swit ch/fr-g
(c) Star Topology (d) Cell Topology ey Router/3R (d) Firewall/4aio
 TOPIC TEST Data Communication
90. A router/3 96. Which one of the following
options
(a) Screens the incoming information private network across public
network. extends
users to send and receive data enables
across shared
, (b Distributes the information between public networks?/ or

(c) Clears all viruses fron a computer system

(d) ls a work virus/e work virus (a) Local Area Network/Y ruràzaá
91. In IT networking, which of the following device is o Virtual Private Network/jgar äzat
used in physical layer?/steificâr acafay (c) Enterprise Private Network

(d) Storage Area Network/T RUI àcá

a) Repeater (b) Router 97. In terms of transmission speed, which of the
(c) Transport Gateway (d) Bridge following is the correct arrangement of LAN,
92. In the following list of devices which
device is MAN, and WAN in increasing order?
used in network layer?
HRUT fã i f H, Gt H LAN, MAN 3ÂN WAN

(a) WAN <MAN >LAN

(a) Repeaters/yaaf (fRuic)
oy Router/1327 KyLAN < MAN < WAN
(c) WAN > MAN <LAN
(c) Application Gateway/yfr|aer 0à (YWAN <MAN < LAN
(d) Switch/rdg 98.
93.
The technologymost popularly used by LAN is:
For establishing a secured private
cornection
across a public network such as the inlernet, you
may use:
(a) SONET/E (b) ATM/g.â.q4
-fey Ethernet/$ertz (d) Frame Relay/H
Which of the following is a general-purpOse
network?
(a) EPN (b) DPN
(c) SPN ke vPN
94. (a)
Storage Area Network (SAN)
Which of the following is the immediate
(o
Local Area Network (LAN)
successor of Hubs?
(c)
Enterprise Private Network (EPN)
(a) Bus
(d)Virtual Private Network (VPN)
(b) Routers 100. Which of the following is an advantage of LAN:
(c) Modems tey Switches
95. Adevice operating at Network layer is called a
(a) Automatic Pricing of Data
(a) Bridge o Router
(c) Repeater (d) HUB
6Sharing Peripherals/tbo E0 HGI ÞAI
(©) Saving up data/wquf }T HÀTI
(d) Backing up data/3 }c5 oAT
 Topic Test
OSIModel
1. Which layer is responsible for Allowing l7. Which OSI layer is using simple Mail
users to send data, access data, and use Transfer Protocol(SMTP?
networks?
(a) Session Layer
(a) Session Layer (b) Network Layer
(b) Netvwork Layer
)Application Layer
Yc) Application Layer (d) Transport Layer
(d) Transport Layer 8 On which layer SSL is used in 0SI
2. Which is the 7th layer of OSI model? model?
(a) Session Layer dost to se (a) Session Layer
(b) Network Layer
LC) Application Layer to mast laye
(bf) Presentation Layer
() Application Layer
(d) Transport Layer (d) Transport Layer
3. Which is end-user layer in OSI model? 9 On which layer SSH is used in oSI
(a) Session Layer model?
(b) Network Layer (a) Session Layer
(cD Application Layer o) Presentation Layer
(d) Transport Layer (s) Application Layer
4. Which OSI layer uses File Transfer (d) Transport Layer
Protocol (FTP)? 10. On which layer IMAP is used in OSI
(a) Session Layer model?
(b) Network Layer (a) Session Layer
(9 Application Layer and presentation (b) Presentation Layer
layer (O Application Layer
(d) Transport Layer (d) Transport Layer
5. Which OSI layer is responsible for |11. Which layer responsible for
Domain Name System (DNS)? Encryption and decryption in the 0SI
(a) Session Layer model?
(b) Network Layer (a) Session Layer
(c)) Application Layer t) Presentation Layer
(d) Transport Layer (c) Application Layer
6. Which OSI layer is using simple Mail (d) Transport Layer
Transfer Protocol (SMTP? 12. On which layer Sockets works in OSI
(a) Session Layer model?
(b) Network Layer (a Session Layer
(O) Application Layer Presentation Layer
(c) Application Layer
(d) Transport Layer (d) Transport Layer
1
 TOPIC TEST Data Communication

13. Remote procedure call protocol (RPC) 20. IGMP works on which 0SI layer?
works on which OSI layer? (a) Session Layer
Ja) Session Layer (b) Network Layer
(b) Presentation Layer (c) Application Layer
(c) Application Layer (d) Transport Layer
(d) Transport Layer 21. ICMP Works onwhich OSI layer?
14. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) (a) Session Layer
works on which OSIlayer? (by Network Layer
sa) Session Layer (c) Application Layer
(b) Presentation Layer
(d) Transport Layer
(c) Application Layer
(d) Transport Layer 22. IPSec works onwhich OSI layer?
15. Session Control Protocol (SCP) works on (a) Session Layer
which OSI layer? (b) Network Layer
(ay Session Layer (c) Application Layer
(b) Presentation Layer (d) Transport Layer
(c) Application Layer
(d) Transport Layer 23. Encapsulation and fragmentation work
16. Session Description Protocol on which OSI layer?
(SDP)
works on which OSI layer? (a) Session Layer
haj Session Layer Kb) Network Layer
(b) Presentation Layer (c) Application Layer
(c) Application Layer (d) Transport Layer
(d) Transport Layer 24. Which OSI layer is responsible for
17. TCP and UDPwork on which OSI layer?
Frames?
(a) Session Layer
(a) Presentation Layer
(b) Presentation LayereA oriede (b) Network Layer
(c) Application Layer
;ej Transport Layer (c) Application Layer
18.
() Datalink Layer
IPv4 and IPv6 work on which OSI layer?
25. Switch works on which OSI layer?
(a) Session Layer
(a) Datalink Layer
(b) Presentation Layer
(b) Network Layer
sg Network Layer
(d) Transport Layer (c) Application Layer
19. IGMP works on which OSI (d) Transport Layer
Iayer? 26. Bridge works on which OSI layer?
(a) Session Layer
la) Datalink Layer
t) Network Layer
(b) Network Layer
(c) Application Layer
(d) Transport Layer (c) Appliation Layer
(d) Transport Layer
2
 TOPICTEST Data Communication
27. Ethernet works on which OSI layer? |33. Which layer Controls the reliability of a
(a) Datalink Layer given link through flow control,
(b) Network Layer
(c) Application Layer segmentation and DE Segmentation,
and error control?
(d) Transport Layer
28. Media Access Control (MAC) Layer is a (a) Session Layer
sublayer of which layer of the OSI (b) Network Layer
model? (c) Application Layer
(a) Presentation Layer sa Transport Layer
(b) Network Layer 34. Which is the 4th layer of the OSI model?
(c) Application Layer (a) Presentation Layer
(d} Datalink Layer (b) Network Layer
29. Which layer is responsible for (c) Session Layer
Presenting the data to the application (ay Transport Layer
layer? 35. Which layer is responsible for routing
(a) PresentationLayer the data via the best physical path?
(b) Network Layer
(a) Session Layer
() Application Layer
(d) Transport Layer .(b) Network Layer
30. Which is the 6th layer of OSI model? (c) Application Layer
(aY Presentation Layer (d) Transport Layer
(b) Network Layer 36. Which is the 3rd layer of the OSI model?
(c) Application Layer (a) Presentation Layer
(d) Transport Layer .(b) Network Layer
(c) Session Layer
31. Which layer is Responsible for opening (d) Transport Layer
sessions, ensuring they remain open 37. Which
layer is responsible for
and functional while data is being multiplexing data streams, data frame
transferred, and closing them when detection, medium access, and error
communication ends/
control?
laj Session Layer (a) Session Layer
(b) Network Layer (b) Network Layer
(c) Application Layer e) Data Link Layer
(d) Transport Layer (d) Transport Layer
32. Which is the 5th layer of the 0SI modelr 38. Which is the 2nd layer of the OSI model?
(a) Presentation Layer (a) Presentation Layer
(b) Network Layer (o) DataLink Layer
e Session Layer (c) Session Layer
(d) Transport Layer (d) Transport Layer
3
 TOPICTEST Data Communication
39. Which layer is Responsible for the 45. Bus, Ring, Star, and
Mesh topology
communication of the unstructured raw works on which OSI layer?
data streams over a physical medium? (a) Datalink Layer
(a) Session Layer (b) Network Layer
(b) Network Layer (c) Physical Layer
(d) Transport Layer
(e) Physical Layer 46. Communication modes like Simplex,
(d) Transport Layer Half Duplex, and Full Duplex work on
40. Which is the 1st layer of OSI model? which OSI layer?
(a) Presentation Layer (a) Datalink Layer
(b) Data Link Layer (b) Network Layer
e) Physical Layer (g Physical Layer
(d) Transport Layer (d) Transport Layer
47. Subnet usually comprises
41. Coaxial cable and Fiber optic cable ork
on which OSI layer? (a) layer 1and 2
(b) layer 1through3
(a) Datalink Layer (c) all layers
(b) Network Layer (d none of the above
(cY Physical Layer 48. The iayer is responsibie for process
(d) Transport Layer delivery
42. Repeaters works on which 0SI layer? (a) network layer
(a) Datalink Layer (b transport layer
(b) Network Layer (c) session iayer
Le Physical Layer (d) data link layer
(d) Transport Layer 49. TCP/IP model does not have layer
43. Wireless works on which OSI layer? but OSI model have this layer.
(a) Datalink Layer (a) session layer
(b) Network Layer (b) transport layer
(Y Physical Layer (c) application layer
(d) Transport Layer (d) network layer
44. Hubs works on which OSI layer? 50. Which layer is used to link network
(a) Datalink Layer support layers and user support layers?
(b) Network Layer (a) session layer
(b) data link layer
g Physical Layer e transport layer
(d) Transport Layer (d) network layer