COMPUTER INTEGRATED

MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS

Report submitted for Seminar & Term Thesis (MECH 3293)

in the session 2023- 2024 (Even Semester)

By

Chaitanya Agarwal (Class Roll No. 2157021)

Under the guidance of

Mr. Sukanta Saha

Assistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Heritage Institute of Technology
 Heritage Institute of Technology
(An autonomous Institute affiliated to
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Kolkata)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude

to my teacher, Mr. Sukanta Saha who gave me the
golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on
the topic Computer Integrated Manufacturing
Systems, which also helped me in doing a lot of
Research and I came to know about so many new
things I am really thankful to them.
Secondly, I would also like to thank friends who
helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the
limited time frame.
Chaitanya Agarwal (Class Roll No. 2157021)

Date: 8.02.2024

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This is to certify that Chaitanya Agarwal (Class Roll

No. 2157021) have been allotted the topic
‘Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems’ for
presentation as Seminar & Term Thesis (MECH 3293)
and have submitted this report as part of the
requirement for the paper. The results, tables and
conclusions presented in this work are either those
reproduced by the candidates from various sources
or might have been actually obtained by them by
some analysis. This certificate does not stand
guarantee to the validity of those results/conclusions.
 Abstract

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) systems represent a

comprehensive approach to manufacturing that integrates various aspects
of production, including design, planning, control, and monitoring, through
the use of computer technology. This abstract aims to provide a concise
overview of CIM systems, highlighting their key components, benefits,
challenges, and future trends.

Key Components: CIM systems typically consist of several interconnected

modules, such as Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Computer-Aided
Manufacturing (CAM), Computer-Aided Process Planning (CAPP), Computer
Numerical Control (CNC), and Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES).
These modules work together seamlessly to automate and streamline the
manufacturing process.

Benefits: The implementation of CIM systems offers numerous benefits to

manufacturing organizations, including increased productivity, improved
quality control, reduced lead times, enhanced flexibility, and better resource
utilization. By integrating various manufacturing functions, CIM systems
enable faster decision-making and provide real-time insights into
production processes.

Challenges: Despite its potential advantages, the adoption of CIM systems

poses several challenges, including high initial investment costs, complex
integration requirements, and the need for skilled personnel to operate and
maintain the system. Additionally, transitioning from traditional
manufacturing processes to CIM systems may require significant
organizational changes and employee training.
Future Trends: As technology continues to evolve, the future of CIM
systems is expected to be characterized by advancements in areas such as
artificial intelligence, Internet of Things (IoT), and additive manufacturing

Introduction
Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) systems represent a comprehensive
approach to manufacturing that integrates various aspects of production, including
design, planning, control, and monitoring, through the use of computer technology. This
abstract aims to provide a concise overview of CIM systems, highlighting their key
components, benefits, challenges, and future trends.

Key Components: CIM systems typically consist of several interconnected modules, such
as Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM), Computer-
Aided Process Planning (CAPP), Computer Numerical Control (CNC), and Manufacturing
Execution Systems (MES). These modules work together seamlessly to automate and
streamline the manufacturing process.

Benefits: The implementation of CIM systems offers numerous benefits to

manufacturing organizations, including increased productivity, improved quality control,
reduced lead times, enhanced flexibility, and better resource utilization. By integrating
various manufacturing functions, CIM systems enable faster decision-making and
provide real-time insights into production processes.

Challenges: Despite its potential advantages, the adoption of CIM systems poses several
challenges, including high initial investment costs, complex integration requirements,
and the need for skilled personnel to operate and maintain the system. Additionally,
transitioning from traditional manufacturing processes to CIM systems may require
significant organizational changes and employee training.

Future Trends: As technology continues to evolve, the future of CIM systems is expected
to be characterized by advancements in areas such as artificial intelligence, Internet of
Things (IoT), and additive manufacturing. These developments will further enhance the
capabilities of CIM systems, enabling more efficient and agile manufacturing operations.
 CIM HARDWARE AND CIM SOFTWARE
CIM Hardware comprises the following:
i. Manufacturing equipment such as CNC machines or computerized work centers,
robotic work cells, DNC/FMS systems, work handling and tool handling devices,
storage devices, sensors, shop floor data collection devices, inspection machines
ii. Computers, controllers, CAD/CAM systems, workstations / terminals, data entry
terminals, bar code readers, RFID tags, printers, plotters and other peripheral
devices, modems, cables, connectors etc.,
CIM software comprises computer programmes to carry out the following :-
• Management Information System
• Sales
• Marketing
• Finance
• Database Management
• Modeling and Design
• Analysis
• Simulation
• Communications
• Monitoring
• Production Control
• Manufacturing Area Control
• Job Tracking
• Inventory Control
• Shop Floor Data Collection
• Order Entry
• Materials Handling

Conceptual model of manufacturing

The computer has had and continues to have a dramatic impact on the
development of production automation technologies. Nearly all modern
production systems are implemented today using computer systems. The term
computer integrated manufacturing(CIM) has been coined to denote the
pervasive use of computers to design the products, plan the production, control
the operations, and perform the various business related functions needed in a
manufacturing firm. CAD/CAM (computer-aided design and computer-aided
manufacturing) is another term that is used almost synonymously with CIM.
Let us attempt to define the relationship between automation and CIM by
developing a conceptual model of manufacturing. In a manufacturing firm, the
physical activities related to production that take place in the factory can be
distinguished from the information-processing activities, such as product design
and production planning, that usually occur in an office environment. The physical
activities include all of the manufacturing processing, assembly, material
handling, and inspections that are performed on the product. These operations
come in direct contact with the product during manufacture. They
touch the product. The relationship between the physical activities and the
information processing activities in our model is depicted in Figure 5. Raw
materials flow in one end of the factory and finished products flow out the other
end. The physical activities (processing, handling, etc.) take place inside the
factory. The information-processing functions form a ring that surrounds the
factory, providing the data and knowledge required to produce the product
successfully.
These information processing functions include
(1) certain business activities (e.g., marketing and sales, order entry, customer
billing, etc.),
(2) product design
(3) manufacturing planning
(4) manufacturing control. These
four functions form a cycle of events that must accompany the physical
production activities but which do not directly touch the product.
 Applications of CIMS
1. Automotive Manufacturing: CIMS are extensively used in
automotive manufacturing for designing components, optimizing
production processes, and integrating robotic assembly lines.

2. Aerospace Industry: CIMS help in designing and manufacturing

complex aerospace components, ensuring precision and adherence to
strict quality standards.

3. Electronics Manufacturing: CIMS streamline the production of

electronic devices by automating assembly processes, ensuring
accuracy, and reducing time-to-market.

4. Consumer Goods Production: CIMS enable efficient production of

consumer goods by integrating CAD/CAM systems, CNC machines,
and robotics for manufacturing various products.

5. Pharmaceutical Industry: CIMS are utilized for precise control and

monitoring of pharmaceutical manufacturing processes to ensure
compliance with regulatory standards and maintain product quality.
 Advantages of CIMS:
1. Increased Efficiency: CIMS automate repetitive tasks, streamline
processes, and optimize resource utilization, leading to improved
productivity and reduced lead times.

2. Enhanced Quality: CIMS ensure consistency, accuracy, and precision

in manufacturing processes, resulting in higher product quality and
reliability.

3. Flexibility and Adaptability: CIMS enable quick reconfiguration of

production systems to accommodate changing market demands and
production requirements.

4. Cost Reduction: CIMS help in reducing manufacturing costs through

improved efficiency, optimized resource utilization, and minimized
waste.

5. Innovation and Customization: CIMS facilitate innovation and

customization by providing tools for rapid prototyping, design
iteration, and product customization to meet customer needs.
 Disadvantages of CIMS:
1. High Initial Investment: Implementing CIMS requires significant
upfront investment in technology, infrastructure, and training, which
can be prohibitive for small and medium-sized enterprises.

2. Complexity and Integration Challenges: Integrating various

components and systems within CIMS can be complex and
challenging, requiring expertise in multiple disciplines and careful
planning.

3. Dependency on Technology: CIMS are highly dependent on

technology, making them vulnerable to system failures, cybersecurity
threats, and software compatibility issues.

4. Workforce Displacement: Automation and robotics in CIMS may

lead to job displacement for workers with traditional manufacturing
skills, requiring retraining and adaptation to new roles.

5. Maintenance and Upkeep: CIMS require regular maintenance,

upgrades, and upkeep to ensure optimal performance, adding to
operational costs and complexity.
 CONCLUSION
Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems (CIMS) represent a fundamental
shift in the manufacturing industry, harnessing the power of advanced
technologies to revolutionize traditional production methods. Through the
integration of computer systems, automation, and data-driven processes, CIMS
offer a range of benefits that have a profound impact on efficiency, quality, and
competitiveness. CIMS streamline the entire manufacturing lifecycle, from design
and planning to production and quality control, by facilitating seamless
communication and coordination between various components and stages. By
leveraging Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM),
Computer Numerical Control (CNC), robotics, sensors, and networking
technologies, CIMS enable manufacturers to optimize processes, reduce lead
times, and enhance product quality. One of the key advantages of CIMS is their
ability to improve operational efficiency by automating repetitive tasks,
minimizing errors, and maximizing resource utilization. Robotics and automation
play a crucial role in achieving this goal, allowing for precise and consistent
execution of manufacturing processes while freeing up human workers for more
complex and value-added tasks.
Overall, CIMS represent a transformative approach to manufacturing, offering
manufacturers the tools and capabilities needed to stay competitive in today's
dynamic and demanding marketplace. By embracing CIMS, manufacturers can
achieve greater efficiency, flexibility, and innovation, ultimately driving business
growth and success in the increasingly digital and interconnected world of
manufacturing.

Reference/Bibliography
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
https://www.nist.gov/

2. Manufacturing.gov https://www.manufacturing.gov/

3. SME - Society of Manufacturing Engineers https://www.sme.org/

4. IEEE Xplore https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/

5. ScienceDirect https://www.sciencedirect.com/

6. IndustryWeek https://www.industryweek.com/

7. National Center for Manufacturing Sciences (NCMS)

https://www.ncms.org/