ME English Center New Physics Guess Paper

ME English Center

New Guess Paper

2024 Board Exam

er
nt
Class 11th Physics Ce
ish

(According to new book and

gl
En

past papers)
E
M

If you are needed for other classes guess papers contact on

this number 03408057780

Prepared by | Sir Faiz ur Rehman

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ME English Center New Physics Guess Paper

Chapter 1 (Physics and Measurements)

Most important MCQs of chapter 1

1) [MLT-2] is dimensional formula of

● pressure
● force
● displacement
● strain

2) Dimensions of kinetic energy is the same as that of:

er
● Force

nt
● Velocity
● Work
● Acceleration
Ce
3) The respective number of significant figures for the numbers 23.023, 0.0003 and
ish
2.1×10-3 are:
● 4, 4,2
● 5,5,2
gl

● 5, 1, 5
En

● 5, 1, 2

4) Systematic error can be:

E

● zero error
● either positive or negative
M

● positive only
● negative only

5) The unit of solid angle is

● Candela
● Kilogram
● Steradian
● Second

6) What is the SI unit of electric current?

● Watts

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● Ohms
● Amperes
● Volts

7) What is the speed of light in a vacuum approximately?

● 50 mph
● 2.5 x 10^17 km/h
● 3 x 10^8 m/s
● 9.8 m/s^2

8) Which instrument is used to measure electric voltage?

● Ohmmeter

er
● Oscilloscope
● Ammeter

nt
● Voltmeter

● Tension force
● Gravitational force
Ce
9) Which of the following is a fundamental force of nature?
ish
● Magnetic force
● Frictional force
gl

10) What is the SI unit of energy?

En

● Pascal
● Joule
● Watt
E

● Newton
M

1) force 2) Work 3) 5, 1, 2 4) either

positive or
negative

5) Steradian 6) Amperes 7) 3 x 10^8 8) Ammeter

m/s

9) Gravitational 10) Joule

force

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Most important short questions of chapter 1

1. Drive the equation for period of oscillations of a mass suspended on a vertical

spring by dimensional analysis. i.e. T = 2π√ m/k
2. Differentiate between accuracy and precision
3. Describe extrapolation methods
4. If y = a + bt + ct2 where y is in meters and t in seconds, what is the unit of c?
5. Describe the least count of Vernier and screw gauge micrometer.

Most important numericals of chapter 1

er
1. What is the area, and its approximate uncertainty, of a circle with radius
3.7 x104cm. With ∆r0.05×104 cm. Ans (A=4.3 x 109 cm2 & ΔA= 0.11 x 109 cm2)

nt
2. A rectangular holding tank 25.0 m in length and 15.0 m in width is used to store

Ce
water for a short period of time in an industrial plant. 2980m3 water is pumped
into the tank. What is the depth of the water? Ans ( H = 7.95 m )
ish
3. Consider the length of cube is given as 5.75 + 0.3 cm and you want to find
absolute uncertainty in volume
gl

Ans ( Absolute uncertainty in volume=190 + 15.65 cm³)

En

4. The diameter of the Moon is 3480 km. What is the volume of the Moon? How
many Moons would be needed to create a volume equal to that of Earth?
Ans ( No. of Moons = 49.24 )
E

Most important long questions of chapter 1

M

1. Here are the main uses of dimensional analysis:

2. Discuss graphs and its various types by supported an example?

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Chapter 2 ( kinematics )
Most important MCQs of chapter 2

1) The velocity of a particle at an instant is 10 m/s and after 5sec the velocity of particle
is 20m/s. The velocity 3 sec before in m/s is:
● 7
● 6
● 4
● 8

er
2) A ball is thrown upwards with a velocity of 100 m/s. It will reach the ground after

nt
● 40 sec
● 5 sec
● 20 sec
● 10 sec Ce
ish
3). At what angle the range of projectile becomes equal to the height of projectile?
● 30o
● 45o
gl

● 76o
En

● 65o

4). The ratio of numerical values of average velocity and average speed of a body is
E

always:
● Less than unity
M

● Unity or less
● Unity
● Unity

5) if the dot product of two non-zero vectors vanishes, the vectors will be:
● zero
● perpendicular to each other
● opposite direction to each other
● n the same direction

6). What is the equation that relates velocity (v), initial velocity (u), acceleration (a), and

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time (t) in one dimension?

● v = u - at
● v = u / at
● v = u * at
● v = u + at

7) If an object moves with a constant velocity, what can you say about its acceleration?
● Acceleration is decreasing.
● Acceleration is increasing.
● Acceleration is constant.
● Acceleration is zero.

er
8) A car accelerates from rest at a rate of 2 m/s². How long does it take to reach a
velocity of 10 m/s?

nt
● 10 seconds
● 5 seconds
● 4 seconds
● 2 seconds Ce
ish
9) An object is dropped from a height. What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth?
● 6.4 m/s²
gl

● 10 m/s²
● 9.8 m/s²
En

● 8.2 m/s²

10) What is the formula to calculate displacement (s) in terms of initial velocity (u), final
E

velocity (v), and time (t)?

● s = (u / v)t
M

● s = (u * v)t
● s = (u - v)t
● s = (u + v)t

1) 4 2) 20m/s 3) 76° 4) Unity or less

5) perpendicula 6) v = u + at 7) Acceleration 8) 5 second

r to each is zero.
other

9) 9.8 m/s2 10) s = (u + v)t

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Most important short Questions of chapter 2

1. If air resistance is taken into account in case of projectile motion, then what
parameters of projectile are influenced ?
2. Explain the method of resolving a vector into its rectangular component ?
3. Briefly explain scalar or dot product or vector products or cross product?
4. Drive fast equations of motion by graphical method?
5. Drive the formula of the time taken by the projectile to reach the maximum
height? Or total time of flight of projectile

Most important Numericals of chapter 2

er
nt
1. Two tugboats are towing a ship each exerts a force of 6000 N, and the angle
between two ropes is 60°. Calculate the resultant force on the ship?
Ans ( F = 10392.3 N )
Ce
2. At what angle the range of the projectile becomes equal to the height of the
ish
projectile? Ans ( θ = 76° )
gl

3. A helicopter is ascending at the rate of 12 m/s. At a height of 80 m above the

ground, a package is dropped. How long does the package take to reach the
En

ground? Ans ( t = 5.42 sec )

4. A turtle starts at the origin and moves with the speed of Vo= 10cm the
E

horizontal.s in the direction of 25° to the horizontal

(a) Find the coordinates of a turtle 10 seconds later.
M

(b) How far did the turtle walk in 10 seconds? Ans ( d=100cm)

Most important Long Questions of chapter 2

1. Explain the addition of vectors by rectangular component method?

2. Derivation of Third Equation of Motion by Graphical Method: or
Derivation of second Equation of Motion by Graphical Method

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Chapter 3 ( Dynamics )
Most important MCQs of chapter 3

1) The term mass refers to the same physical concept as

● acceleration
● force
● inertia
● weight

2). The laws of motion show the relationship between

er
● force and acceleration

nt
● mass and acceleration
● mass and velocity
● velocity and acceleration
Ce
3). The kinetic energy of body of mass 2kg and momentum of 2 Ns is:
ish
● 4J
● 3J
● 2J
gl

● 1J
En

4) A 3kg bowling ball experiences a net force of 15N. What will be its acceleration.
● 35 m/s2
E

● 5 m/s2
● 7 m/s2
M

● 35 m/s2

5) The rate of change of linear momentum of a body is called a:

● Impulse
● Power
● Angular force
● Linear force

6) What is the fundamental concept behind Newton's second law of motion?

● Action and reaction are equal and opposite
● Force equals mass times acceleration

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● Conservation of energy
● Conservation of momentum

7) A car is traveling at a constant speed on a straight road. What can you conclude
about the net force acting on the car?
● The net force is changing
● The net force is opposite to the direction of motion
● The net force is in the direction of motion
● The net force is zero

8) Which of the following is a unit of force in the International System of Units (SI)?
● Pascal

er
● Watt
● Newton

nt
● Joule

● The object has no acceleration

● The net force on the object is zero
Ce
9) When an object is in equilibrium, which of the following statements is true?
ish
● The object has no velocity
● The object is at rest
gl

10) According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and
En

opposite reaction. What type of pair is this?

● Inertia forces
● Action-reaction forces
E

● Balanced forces
● Non-interacting forces
M

1) inertia 2) force and 3) 1 J 4) 5 m/s2

acceleration

5) Impulse 6) Force equals 7) The net force 8) Newton

mass times is zero
acceleration

9) The net force 10) Action-reacti

on the object on forces
is zero

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Most important short Questions of chapter 3

1. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collision?

2. Explain Newton's second law and linear momentum?
3. Drive the equation of elastic collision in One dimension?
4. Define friction and also define all types of friction which is given in the book?
5. Explain relation between angle of friction and angle of repose?

Most important Numericals of chapter 3

1. A car weighing 9800 N is moving with a speed of 40 Km/h. On the Application

er
of breaks it comes to rest after traveling a distance of 50 meters. Calculate the
average retarding force? Ans ( F= 1234.5 N.)

nt
2. A machine gun fires 10 bullets per second into a target. Each bullet weighs 20

Ce
gram and had a speed of 1500 m/s. Find the necessary force to hold the gun in
position? Ans ( F = 300 N)
ish
3. A 50 grams bullet is fired into a 10 kg block that is suspended by a long cord
so that it can swing as a pendulum. If the block is displaced so that its center of
gl

gravity rises by 10cm, what was the speed of the bullet? u1 = 201 x 1.4 = 281. 4
m/s
En

4. Two objects, A and B, are initially at rest on a frictionless surface. Object A has a
mass of 0.5 kg, and object B has a mass of 0.8 kg. Object A collides with object
E

B. After the collision, object A moves to the right at a velocity of 4 m/s, and object
B moves to the left at a velocity of 2 m/s.
M

a) Calculate the total momentum before the collision.

b) Calculate the total momentum after the collision.
c) Calculate the kinetic energy before and after the collision.
Ans ( p= 0.4 kg m/s T = 5.6 J )

Most important Long Questions of chapter 3

1. Explain Newton's Second Law of Motion and how it relates force, mass, and
acceleration. Provide an example to illustrate the concept.
2. Drive the equation of law of conservation of momentum for colliding two bodies
m1v1+m2v2=m1u1+m2u2

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Chapter 4 ( Rotational and Circular

Motion )
Most important MCQs of chapter 4

1) One radian is about

● 57o
● 37o
● 45o
● 25o

er
nt
2) The rotational inertia of a wheel about its axle does not depend upon its
● speed of rotation
● mass
● distribution of mass
● diameter
Ce
ish
3) An object rotating about a fixed axis, I is its rotational inertia and α is its angular
acceleration. Its
gl

● is the definition of torque

● is the definition of rotational inertia
En

● is definition of angular acceleration

● follows directly from Newton's second law
E

4). A stone of 2 kg is tied to a 0.50 m long string and swung around a circle at angular
M

velocity of 12 rad/s. The net torque on the stone about the center of the circle is
● 0 Nm
● 12 Nm
● 6Nm
● 72 N.m

5. If the external torque acting on a body is zero, then its

● angular momentum is zero
● angular momentum is conserved
● angular acceleration is maximum
● rotational motion is maximum

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6). Which of the following quantities is a vector in rotational motion?

● Angular velocity
● Angular displacement
● Angular acceleration
● Moment of inertia

7) When an object undergoes uniform circular motion, what remains constant?

● Speed
● Velocity
● Acceleration
● Angular displacement

er
8). What is the SI unit of angular velocity?
● m/s

nt
● m/s^2
● rad/s
● Hz
Ce
9) If the net torque acting on an object is zero, what can be said about its angular
ish
velocity?
● It is constant
gl

● It is increasing
● It is decreasing
En

● It is zero

10) The moment of inertia of an object depends on which of the following factors?
E

● Mass and shape

● Mass and velocity
M

● Shape and density

● Velocity and density

1) 57o 2) speed of 3) follows 4) 0 Nm

rotation directly
from
Newton's
second law

5) angular 6) Angular 7) Speed 8) rad/s

momentum is velocity
conserved

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9) It is constant 10) Mass and

shape

Most important short Questions of chapter 4

1. Explain angular velocity and angular acceleration with formula?
2. Briefly explain the relation between linear quantities and angular quantities?
3. Drive the formula of centripetal acceleration ac = rw2 ?
4. When the moment of inertia of a rotating body is halved, then what will be the
Effect on angular velocity?
5. Explain the law of conservation of momentum?

er
Most important Numericals of chapter 4

nt
1. A car accelerates uniformly from rest and reaches a speed of 22 m/s in 9s. If
the diameter of a tire is 58 cm, find
Ce
(a) The number of revolutions the tire makes during this motion, assuming no
slipping and
ish
(b) The final rotational speed of the tire in revolutions per second.
Ans ( S = 99 m and ωf = 12 rev/s )
gl

2. What is the ideal banking angle for a gentle turn of 1.20 km radius on a highway
with a 105 km/h speed limit (about 65 mi/h), assuming everyone travels at the
En

limit? Ans ( θ = 4.14° )

3. A thin disk with a 0.3m diameter and a total moment of inertia of 0.45 kg.m2
E

is rotating about its center of mass. There are three rocks with masses of 0.2kg
M

on the outer part of the disk. Find the total moment of inertia of the system?
Ans ( Itotal = 0.464 kg.m2)

4. The International Space Station orbits at an altitude of 400 km above the surface
of the Earth. What is the space station's orbital velocity? Ans ( V=7672 m/s.)
Most important Long Questions of chapter 4
1. State and explain the law of conservation of angular momentum. Give two
examples to illustrate it.
2. Derive the formula for the moment of inertia of a uniform rod or a solid sphere.
Clearly illustrate each step of the derivation.

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Chapter 5 ( Work, Energy and Power )

Most important MCQs of chapter 5
1) The kinetic energy of a light and a heavy object is the same. Which object has
maximum momentum?
● Light object
● Heavy object
● Both have same momentum
● N.O.T

er
2). A body fallen from height h. After it has fallen a height h/2, its will possess:
● only potential energy

nt
● only kinetic energy
● half potential half kinetic energy
● more kinetic and less
Ce
3). When one joule of work is done on a body in one second, power of body is said to
ish
be
● One watt
gl

● 0.5 watt
● zero
En

● 100 watt

4) The absolute potential energy of an object depends on:

E

● The object's mass and height

M

● The object's mass and speed

● The object's shape and size
● The object's color and

5) The escape velocity of a planet depends on which of the following factors?

● The mass of the planet only
● The radius of the planet only
● Both the mass and the radius of the planet
● The density of the planet

6) Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

● Work

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● Energy
● Power
● Force

7) The unit of energy is:

● Newton (N)
● Joule (J)
● Watt (W)
● Meter per second (m/s)

8) If an object is lifted vertically upwards, which type of work is done on the object?
● Positive work

er
● Negative work
● Zero work

nt
● None of the above

only converted from one form to another?

● First law of thermodynamics
Ce
9) Which law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed,
ish
● Second law of thermodynamics
● Third law of thermodynamics
gl

● Zeroth law of thermodynamics

10) Power is defined as:
En

● The rate of change of force

● The rate of doing work
● The rate of acceleration
E

● The rate of change of energy

M

1) Heavy object 2) half potential 3) One watt 4) The object's

half kinetic mass and
energy speed

5) Both the 6) Work 7) Joule (J) 8) Positive

mass and the work
radius of the
planet

9) First law of 10) The rate of

thermodyna doing work
mics

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Most important short Questions of chapter 5

1. Explain work done by constant force with formula also explain negative work
positive work and zero work?
2. Drive the formula of kinetic energy KE=1/2mv2?
3. Drive the formula of potential energy PE=mgh?
4. How is power related to work and time?
5. What is the work-energy theorem and how is it expressed mathematically?

Most important Numericals of chapter 5

1. A 100 kg man runs up a long flight of stairs in 9.8 seconds. The vertical height of

er
the stair is 10 m. Calculate its power? Ans ( P = 1000 W )

nt
2. When an object is thrown upwards. It rises to a height 'h'. How high is the

Ce
object in terms of h? when it has lost one third of its original kinetic energy?
Ans ( H= h/3 )
ish
3. A 1 Kilowatt motor pump, pumps the water from the ground to a height of 10 m.
Find how much liters of water it can pump in one hour?
Ans ( v/t = 3.672 x 104 liter/h )
gl

4. A motor pumps the water at the rate 500 gram/minute to the height of 120 m. If
En

the motor is 50% efficient then how much input electric power is needed?
Ans ( P’= 23.646 hp )
E

Most important Long Questions of chapter 5

M

1. Drive the formula of absolute gravitational potential energy?

2. Drive the formula of escape velocity Ves= √2gR.

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Chapter 6 ( Fluid Statics )

Most important MCQs of chapter 6
1) The pressure exerted on the ground by a man is greatest when:
● he stands with both feet flat on the ground
● he stands on the toes of one foot
● he stands flat on one foot
● he lies down on the ground

2) One piston in a hydraulic lift has an area that is twice the area of the other. When the
pressure at the smaller piston is increased by Δp the pressure at the larger piston

er
● increases by 2Δp

nt
● increases by Δp
● increases by Δp/2
● Increases by 4Δp
Ce
3) The pressure at the bottom of a pond does NOT depend on
ish
● Water density
● the surface area of the pond
● the depth of the pond
gl

● none of these
En

4) “An object completely submerged in a fluid displaces its own volume of fluid”. This is:
● Pascal's paradox
● Pascal's principle
E

● Archimedes' principle
M

● true, but none of the above

5) You fill a tall glass with ice and then add water to the level of the glass's rim, so
some fraction of the ice floats above rim. When the ice melts, what's happens to the
water level?
● the water overflows the rim
● the water level drops below the rim
● the water level stays at the rim
● it depends on the difference in density between water and ice

6) What property of a fluid determines its buoyant force on an object submerged in it?

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● Density of the fluid

● Viscosity of the fluid
● Pressure of the fluid
● Temperature of the fluid

7) When an object is completely submerged in a fluid and in equilibrium, what is true

about the buoyant force and the weight of the object?
● Buoyant force is greater than the weight of the object
● Buoyant force is less than the weight of the object
● Buoyant force is equal to the weight of the object
● Buoyant force depends on the shape of the object

er
8) Archimedes' principle states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to:
● The weight of the fluid displaced by the object

nt
● The volume of the fluid displaced by the object
● The density of the fluid
● The pressure at the bottom of the object

9). What is the SI unit of pressure?

Ce
ish
● Pascal (Pa)
● Newton (N)
gl

● Joule (J)
● Kilogram (kg)
En

10) In a fluid at rest, how does the pressure vary with depth?
● Pressure increases with depth
● Pressure decreases with depth
E

● Pressure remains constant with depth

● Pressure depends on the density of the fluid
M

1) he stands on 2) increases by 3) the surface 4) Pascal's

the toes of Δp area of the principle
one foot pond

5) the water 6) Density of 7) Buoyant 8) The weight

level stays at the fluid force is of the fluid
the rim equal to the displaced by
weight of the the object
object

9) Pascal (Pa) 10) Pressure

increases
with depth

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Most important Short Questions of chapter 6

1. Explain Pascal law with derivation?

2. Explain Archimedes principle
3. Why must a liquid and not a gas be used as the 'fluid' in a hydraulic
machine?
4. Define surface tension and give its any two applications.
5. What is the difference between being immersed and being submerged in
water?

Most important Numericals of chapter 6

er
nt
1. The pressure in a water pipe in the ground floor of a building is 4x 105 Pa but
three floors up it is only 2x 105 Pa. What is the height between the ground floor

density of water =1x103 Kg/m3

Ans ( h = 20 m )
Ce
and the third floor? The water in the pipe may be assumed to be stationary;
ish
2. A canal lock gate is 20 m wide and 10m deep. Calculate the thrust acting on it
assuming that the water in the canal is in level with the top of the gate. Density of
gl

water is 1000 kg/m3

Ans ( Fthrust = 9.8 x 106 N)
En

3. Hot air balloon has a volume of 2200 m3

The density of air at temperature of 20 °C is 1.205 kg/m3 The density of the hot
E

air inside the balloon at a temperature of 100 °C is 0.946 kg/m3 How much weight
M

can the hot air can lift?

Ans ( W = 5584.04 N )

4. A hydraulic system consists of two connected cylinders, Cylinder A and Cylinder

B. Cylinder A has a piston with a radius of 5 cm and Cylinder B has a piston with
a radius of 10 cm. A force of 200 N is applied to Cylinder A. Calculate the force
exerted by Cylinder B. Ans ( F=800N)

Most important Long Questions of chapter 6

1. Give a detailed explanation of upthrust?
2. Explain by buoyancy and law of flotation?

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Chapter 7 ( Fluid Dynamics )

Most important MCQs of chapter 7
1) Bernoulli's principle states that for horizontal flow of a fluid through a tube, the sum
of the pressure and energy of motion per unit volume is
● increasing with time
● constant
● decreasing with time
● varying with time

2) Which of the following is associated with the law of conservation of energy in fluids?

er
● Archimedes' principle
● Pascal's principle

nt
● Bernoulli's principle
● equation of continuity
Ce
3) If the cross-sectional area of a pipe decreases, what happens to the fluid velocity?
● Increases
ish
● Remains the same
● Decreases
gl

● Depends on the fluid

En

4) Wind speeding up as it blows over the top of a hill

● Increases atmospheric pressure there
● decreases atmospheric pressure there
E

● doesn't affect atmospheric pressure there

M

● equal's atmospheric pressure.

5) A fluid is undergoing steady flow. Therefore:

● the velocity of any given molecule of fluid does not change.
● the pressure does not vary from point to point
● the velocity at any given point does not vary with time
● the density does not vary from point to point

6) What is the property of a fluid that describes its resistance to flow?

● Density
● Viscosity

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● Pressure
● Surface tension

7) According to Bernoulli's equation, which of the following quantities remains constant

along a streamline of fluid flow?
● Pressure
● Velocity
● Density
● Volume

8). When fluid flows through a pipe, which of the following factors can increase the flow
rate?

er
● Increasing pipe length
● Increasing pipe diameter

nt
● Increasing fluid viscosity
● Decreasing fluid density

Ce
9) What type of flow occurs when the fluid particles move in parallel and at a constant
velocity, with no crossing of streamlines?
ish
● Turbulent flow
● Laminar flow
gl

● Compressible flow
● Irrotational flow
En

10) Which principle explains why a ship can float on water?

● Pascal's principle
● Archimedes' principle
E

● Boyle's law
● Newton's third law
M

1) constant 2) Bernoulli's 3) Increases 4) decreases

principle atmospheric
pressure
there

5) the velocity 6) Viscosity 7) Pressure 8) Increasing

at any given pipe
point does diameter
not vary with
time

9) Laminar flow 10) Archimedes'

principle

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Most important Short Questions of chapter 7

1. What is the difference between streamline and turbulent flow?
2. Derive an expression for terminal velocity of a spherical body?
3. Give two applications of Bernoulli's principle.
4. Discuss the importance of Stokes law.
5. Discuss the significance of Reynolds number?

Most important Numericals of chapter 7

1. What area must a heating duct have if air moving 3.0 m/s along it can replenish
the air every 15 minutes in a room of volume 300m3 Assume air density remains

er
constant. Ans ( A = 0.111 m2 )

nt
2. What is the volume rate of flow of water from a 1.85 cm diameter faucet if the

Ce
pressure head is 12 m? Ans ( ∆V / ∆t = 4.142 x 10-3 m3 /s )

3. Water leaves the jet of a horizontal hose at 10 m/s. If the velocity of water within
ish
the hose is 0.40 m/s, calculate the pressure within the hose. Density of water is
1000 kg/m³ and atmospheric pressure is 100000 Pa. Ans ( p1 = 1.5 x 105 Pa ).
gl

4. The volume rate of an air conditioning system to be 3.84 * 10 ^ - 3 * m ^ 3 / s .

The air is sent through uninsulated, round conduit with a diameter of 18 cm. This
En

calculation assumed laminar flow. (a)Was this a good assumption? (b) At what
velocity would the flow become turbulent? Ans ( v = 0.16m / s ).
E
M

Most important Long Questions of chapter 7

1. Derive equation of continuity. Also show its physical significance?

2. Derive Bernoulli's equation.

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Chapter 8 ( Electric Fields )

Most important MCQs of chapter 8
1) Which of the following can be deflected while moving in the electric field?
● neutron
● photon
● electron
● electron and proton

2) The flux through a flat surface of area “A” in a uniform electric field "E" is maximum
when the surface area is

er
● Parallel to E

nt
● perpendicular to E
● placed 45oto E
● placed 60o to E

3) The negative gradient of the potential is:

Ce
ish
● potential energy
● voltage
● electric field intensity
gl

● electric flux
En

4) The electric flux through a plane area will be half of its maximum value when area is
held at an angle of ______ with an electric field.
E

● 30°
● 60°
M

● 45°
● Electric flux

5) A 2µC point charge is located a distance "d" away from 6µC point charge, what is
the ratio of F12/F21?
● 1/3
● 3
● 1
● 12

6). What is the SI unit of electric field intensity?

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● Volts
● Coulombs
● Newtons per meter
● Amperes

7) When a positive charge is placed in an electric field, in which direction does it

experience a force?
● Opposite to the direction of the field
● Parallel to the direction of the field
● Perpendicular to the direction of the field
● None of the above

er
8). What is the formula for the electric field intensity (E) due to a point charge Q at a
distance r from it?

nt
● E = kQ/r²
● E = kQ/r
● E = Q/r²
● E = Q/k² Ce
ish
9). If you double the distance between a point charge and a test charge, how does the
electric field strength at the new location compared to the original?
gl

● It becomes four times weaker.

● It becomes half as strong.
En

● It remains the same.

● It becomes twice as strong.
10). In which direction does an electron move when placed in an electric field?
E

● Opposite to the direction of the field

● Parallel to the direction of the field
M

● Perpendicular to the direction of the field

● None of the above
1) electron and 2) Parallel to E 3) electric field 4) 60°
proton intensity

5) 1 6) Newtons per 7) Parallel to 8) E = kQ/r²

meter the direction
of the field

9) It becomes 10) Opposite to

half as the direction
strong of the field

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Most important Short Questions of chapter 8

1. What is electric dipole and electric dipole moment?

2. Explain the vector form of Coulomb's law?
3. Drive and explain electric field of point charge?
4. Briefly explain electric flux also explain negative electric flux positive electric flux
or zero elective flux?
5. Calculating electric field from electric potential?

Most important Numericals of chapter 8

er
1. An alpha particle (the nucleus of a helium atom) has a mass of 6.64 X 10-27 kg
and a charge of 2e. What are the (a) magnitude and (b) direction of the electric

nt
field that will balance the gravitational force on the particle?
Ans ( E = 2.03x10-7 N/C )

Ce
2. An electron is liberated from the lower of two large parallel metal plates
separated by a distance h = 2cm. The upper plate has a potential of 2400 volts
ish
relative to the lower. How long does the electron take to reach it?
Ans ( t = 1.4 x 10-9 s)
gl

3. (a) Calculate the value of two equal charges if they repel one another with a
En

force of 0.1 N when situated 50 cm apart in a vacuum.

(b) What would be the size of the charges if they were situated in an insulating
liquid whose permittivity was ten times that of a vacuum? Ans ( q' = 5.3 μC)
E

4. For what value of change in electric potential to remove the six electrons from the
M

carbon atom if the change in potential energy is 120 keV. Ans ( 20 kV )

Most important Long Questions of chapter 8

1. What is electric potential? Drive expression for potential due to an isolated

point charge.
2. Define an electric dipole. Derive formula for the electric field due to an electric
dipole at a point "P" placed on its axial line.

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Chapter 9 ( Capacitance )
Most important MCQs of chapter 9
1) What is the value of capacitance of a capacitor which has a voltage of 4V and has
16C of charge?
● 2F
● 4F
● 6F
● 8F

2) In a variable capacitor, capacitance can be varied by:

er
● Turning the rotatable plates in or out

nt
● Changing the plates
● Sliding the rotatable plates
● Changing the material of plates
Ce
3) The charging of a capacitor through a resistance follows
ish
● linear law
● square law
● exponential law
gl

● none of the above

En

4) The capacitance C is charged through a resistor R. The time constant of the

charging circuit is given by
● C/R
E

● 1/RC
M

● RC
● R/C

5) Capacitor blocks:
● alternating current
● direct current
● both alternating and direct current
● neither alternating nor direct current

6). What is the SI unit of capacitance?

● Ohm

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● Farad
● Volt
● Ampere

7) The ability of a capacitor to store electric charge is determined by its

● Voltage
● Resistance
● Capacitance
● Current

8) In a parallel plate capacitor, if the distance between the plates is doubled, how does
the capacitance change?

er
● It doubles
● It becomes half

nt
● It quadruples
● It remains the same

Ce
9) When a dielectric material is inserted between the plates of a capacitor, what
happens to the capacitance?
ish
● It decreases
● It increases
gl

● It remains the same

● It becomes zero
En

10) If the potential difference across a capacitor is 12 volts and it stores a charge of 48
microcoulombs, what is its capacitance?
E

● 4F
● 12 F
M

● 48 F
● 144 F
1) 2F 2) Turning the 3) exponential 4) RC
rotatable law
plates in or
out

5) neither 6) Farad 7) Capacitance 8) It becomes

alternating nor half
direct current

9) It increases 10) 4 F

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Most important Short Questions of chapter 9

1. Drive expressions for the combined capacitance of two capacitors (a)
connected in series, (b) connected in parallel?
2. Derive an expression for the energy stored in a capacitor C when there is a
potential difference V between the plates.?
3. What is capacitor and explain all types of capacitor?
4. Explain the effect of dielectric material in capacitor?
5. Explain energy stored in a capacitor?

Most important Numericals of chapter 9

er
1. Three capacitors are connected through a potential difference of 100 volts as
shown in figure. Find the charges and potential difference across each capacitor.

nt
Note diagram given in book.

Ce
Ans (Q1 = Q = 160 µC, V1= 80V, V2= 60V, Q2=60µC and Q3 = 100 µC)

2. Capacitor is charged through a large non-reactive resistance by a battery of

ish
constant voltage V. For this arrangement, if the capacitor has a capacitance of 10
μ F and the resistance is 1 M Ω, calculate the time taken for the capacitor to
receive 90% of its final charge. Ans ( t= 23 s )
gl

3. A 12.0 V battery is connected to a capacitor, resulting in 54.0 μC of charge

En

stored on the capacitor. How much energy is stored in the capacitor?

Ans ( 3.24x10-4J )
E

4. A parallel plate capacitor consists of two plates with an area of 0.01 m² each,
M

separated by a distance of 0.002 m. The capacitor is filled with a dielectric

material having a relative permittivity (er) of 4. Calculate the capacitance of this
capacitor. Ans ( C≈ 3.5416 x 10-11 F)

Most important Long Questions of chapter 9

1. Calculate combined capacitance of capacitors in series and in parallel.

2. Prove that energy stored in a capacitor is E = ½ CV2

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Chapter 10 ( D.C Circuits )

Most important MCQs of chapter 10
1) The resistance of a superconductor is:
● finite
● infinite
● changes with every conductor
● zero

2) The graphical representation of Ohms law is:

● parabola

er
● hyperbola
● ellipse

nt
● straight line

Ce
3) A potential difference is applied across the ends of a wire. If the potential difference
is doubled, then the drift velocity of free electrons will
● be quadrupled
ish
● be doubled
● be halved
gl

● remain unchanged
En

4) Power dissipation in a resistor can be calculated using which formula:

● P=V2/R
● P=I2R
E

● P=VxI
M

● all of these

5) A heat-sensitive device whose resistivity changes with the change in temperature is

called:
● conductor
● resistor
● thermistor
● thermometer

6) What is the SI unit of electric current?

● Volt
● Watt

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● Ampere
● Ohm

7) In a series circuit, how does the total resistance (R_total) change as you add more
resistors?
● R_total increases
● R_total decreases
● R_total remains the same
● It depends on the values of the resistors

8) Ohm's Law relates which three quantities in a DC circuit?

● Voltage (V), Current (I), and Resistance (R)

er
● Voltage (V), Power (P), and Energy (E)
● Current (I), Capacitance (C), and Inductance (L)

nt
● Voltage (V), Frequency (f), and Wavelength (λ)

Ce
9) If a resistor has a resistance of 100 ohms and a current of 0.5 amperes flowing
through it, what is the voltage across the resistor?
● 50 V
ish
● 200 V
● 0.005 V
gl

● 0.2 V
10) Kirchhoff's first law, also known as the law of conservation of electric charge, states
En

that:
● The total voltage in a closed loop is zero
● The total current in a closed loop is zero
E

● The total resistance in a closed loop is zero

● The total charge in a closed loop is constant
M

1) Zero 2) straight line 3) be doubled 4) All of these

5) thermistor 6) Ampere 7) R_total 8) Voltage (V),

increases Current (I),
and
Resistance
(R)

9) 50 V 10)The total
charge in a
closed loop is
constant

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Most important Short Questions of chapter 10

1. Nichrome and copper wires of same length and same radius are connected in
series. Currently I am passing through them. Which wire gets heated up more?
Justify your answer.
2. What is the difference between potential difference and emf?
3. Explain the register color codes
4. Explain resistivity and its dependence upon temperature?
5. What is thermoelectricity and also define thermostats?

Most important Numericals of chapter 10

er
nt
1. In a potentiometer arrangement, a cell of emf 1.20 V gives a balance point at
40.0 cm length of the wire. If the cell is replaced by another cell and the balance

Ce
point shifts to 74.0 cm, what is the emf of the second cell?
Ans ( E2 = 2.22 V )
ish
2. The storage battery of a car has an emf of 12 V. If the internal resistance of the
the battery is 0.5Ω, what is the maximum current that can be drawn from the
battery? Ans ( I = 24 A )
gl
En

3. In a meter bridge with a standard resistance of 15Ω in the right gap, the ratio of
the balancing length is 5:3. Find the value of the other resistance.
Ans ( X = 25Ω )
E
M

4.
Ans ( RT=85.670)

Most important Long Questions of chapter 10

1. State the principle of working of a meter bridge. Explain how it is used to find
an unknown resistance.
2. State the underlying principle of a potentiometer. Describe briefly, giving the
necessary circuit diagram, how a potentiometer is used to measure the internal
resistance of a given cell?

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Chapter 11 ( Oscillations )
Most important MCQs of chapter 11
1) A spring attached by a load of weight W is vibrating with a period T. If the spring is
divided in four equal parts and the same load is suspended from one of these parts, the
new time period is:
● T/4
● 2T
● T/2
● 4T

er
2) The total energy of a particle executing simple harmonic motion is proportional to
● frequency of oscillation

nt
● maximum velocity of motion
● amplitude of motion
● square of amplitude of motion
Ce
3) If a body oscillates at the angular frequency ωd of the driving force, then the
ish
oscillations are called:
● Forced oscillations
gl

● Coupled oscillations
● Free oscillations
En

● Maintained oscillations

4) In vehicles, shock absorber reduced the jerks:

E

● The shock absorber is the application of damped oscillations.

M

● Damping effect is due to the fractional loss of energy

● Shock absorbers in vehicles reduced jerk
● All of these

5) A heavily damped system has a fairly flat resonance curve in:

● An acceleration time graph
● An amplitude frequency graph
● Velocity time graph
● Distance-time graph

6) What is the SI unit of frequency?

● Hertz (Hz)

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● Newton (N)
● Pascal (Pa)
● Joule (J)

7) Which of the following quantities describes the maximum displacement of an

oscillating object from its equilibrium position?
● Frequency
● Amplitude
● Phase
● Period

8) A simple pendulum oscillates with a period T. If its length is doubled, what happens

er
to its period?
● T remains the same

nt
● T becomes half
● T becomes four times
● T becomes double
Ce
9) The time it takes for one complete cycle of oscillation is known as:
ish
● Amplitude
● Frequency
gl

● Period
● Wavelength
En

10) In simple harmonic motion (SHM), the restoring force is:

● Directly proportional to velocity
● Inversely proportional to displacement
E

● Constant
● Proportional to acceleration
M

1) T/2 2) square of 3) Forced 4) All of these

amplitude of oscillations
motion

5) An amplitude 6) Hertz (Hz) 7) Amplitude 8) T becomes

frequency double
graph

9) Period 10) Inversely

proportional
to
displacement

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Most important Short Questions of chapter 11

1. Explain the concept of phase and phase difference in oscillatory motion.

Discuss how phase is related to the position and time in an oscillating system
2. Discuss the factors that affect the period of a simple pendulum. Explain how
the length of the pendulum, the acceleration due to gravity, mass and the
The amplitude of oscillation influences the period.
3. Explain and derive a horizontal mass spring system with formula F=-kx?
4. Briefly explain Motion of the Projection of a Particle Moving Along a Circular
Path: ax ~ -x
5. Motion of a Mass Attached to a Spring: Fnet ~-y?

er
Most important Numericals of chapter 11

nt
1. An ideal spring with a spring constant of 15 N/m is suspended vertically. A

Ce
body of mass 0.60 kg is attached to the unstretched spring and released.
(a) What is the extension of the spring when the speed is a maximum?
(b) What is the maximum speed? Ans ( Vmax= 2 m and Xmax = 0.39 m )
ish

2. A pendulum of length 75 cm and mass 2.5 kg swings with a mechanical energy

gl

of 0.015 J. what is its amplitude? Ans ( A = 3 cm )

En

3. The amplitude of oscillation of a pendulum decays by a factor of 20.0 in 120 s.

By what factor has its energy decayed in that time. Ans ( E’ = 1/400E)
E

4. A block is kept on a horizontal table. The table is undergoing simple harmonic

motion of frequency 3 Hz in a horizontal plane. The coefficient of static friction
M

between the block and the table surface is 0.72. Find the maximum amplitude of
the table at which the block does not slip on the surface. Ans ( xo=0.0198m)

Most important Lang Questions of chapter 11

1. Derive the equation of motion for a mass-spring system in SHM, illustrating

each step of the derivation.
2. Discuss the concept of energy in SHM. Explain how kinetic energy and
potential energy vary throughout the motion of a particle in SHM and how the
total mechanical energy is conserved.

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Chapter 12 ( Acoustics )
Most important MCQs of chapter 12
1) Two sound waves are y = A sin(ωt - kx) and y = A cos(ωt - kx). The phase difference
between the two waves is:
● π/2
● π/4
● π
● 0

2) If va, vh and vm are the speeds of sound in air, hydrogen gas, and a metal at the

er
same temperature, then:
● va> vh > vm

nt
● vm> vh > va
● vh> vm > va
● vh> va > vm Ce
ish
3) The speed of sound in a gas is proportional to:
● Square root of isothermal elasticity
● square root of adiabatic elasticity
gl

● Isothermal elasticity
● adiabatic elasticity
En

4) The speed of sound in a gas in which two waves of wavelength 50 cm and 50.4 cm
produce 6 beats per second is:
E

● 303 m/s
M

● 350 m/s
● 378 m/s
● 400 m/s

5) The speed of a wave in a medium is 760 m/s. If 3600 waves are passing through a
point in the medium in 2 minutes, then its wavelength is
● 13.85 m
● 25.3 m
● 41.5 m
● 57.2 m

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6) What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature (approximately)?

● 300,000 m/s
● 1,000 m/s
● 343 m/s
● 3,000,000 m/s

7) Which of the following characteristics of a sound wave determines its pitch?

● Amplitude
● Frequency
● Wavelength
● Speed

er
8) Sound waves are examples of which type of waves?
● Transverse waves

nt
● Electromagnetic waves
● Longitudinal waves
● Standing waves

9) What is the unit of sound intensity?

Ce
ish
● Decibel (dB)
● Hertz (Hz)
gl

● Pascal (Pa)
● Joule (J)
En

10) When sound waves reflect off a surface, it is called:

● Refraction
E

● Diffraction
● Absorption
M

● Reflection

1) π/2 2) vm> vh > va 3) square root 4) 303 m/s

of adiabatic
elasticity

5) 25.3 m 6) 343 m/s 7) Frequency 8) Longitudinal

waves

9) Decibel (dB) 10)Reflection

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Most important Short Questions of chapter 12

1. Speed of sound depends upon following factors:

2. Explain and drive Newton's defect and laplace correction formula?
3. Explain Doppler effect of sound and derived the formula of Observer is moving
away from the source at rest?
4. Derived the formula of Source is moving towards the observer at rest?
5. Explain Nodes and Antinodes?

Most important Numericals of chapter 12

er
1. An increase in pressure of 100 kPa causes a certain volume of water to
decrease by 5x10-3 percent of its original volume. Find (a) Bulk modulus of

nt
water. (b) What is the speed of sound in water? Ans ( V=1414.213 m/s)

Ce
2. In order to decrease the fundamental frequency of a guitar string by 4.0%, by
what percentage should you reduce the tension? Ans ( (TI-T)/T x 100 = -7.8 %)
ish
3. A train sounds its whistle while passing by a railroad crossing. An observer at
the crossing measures a frequency of 219 Hz as the train approaches the
gl

crossing and a frequency of 184 Hz as the train leaves. The speed of the sound
is 340ms-1.Find the speed of the train and frequency of its whistle.
En

Ans ( fs = 200 Hz )

4. In a game of cricket match a spectator is sitting in the stand at a distance of 60.0

E

m away fromthe batsman. How long does it take the sound of the bat connecting
with the ball hit for a sixto travel to the spectator's ears? if the temperature of air
M

is 27oC. Ans ( t = 0.172s)

Most important Long Questions of chapter 12

1. Define the Doppler Effect and Derive the Doppler Effect equation
for sound waves in terms of the relative velocity between the
source, observer, and the speed of sound.
2. Derived frequency formula when Motion of Both Source and
Observer:

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Chapter 13 ( Physical Optics )

Most important MCQs of chapter 13
1) If the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is about the diameter of a cricket ball,
what type of radiation is it.
● X-ray
● Ultraviolet
● Radio waves
● Visible light

2) In Young's experiment when the distance between slits and screen is doubled, while

er
separation of slits is halved, then fringe width will be:
● 4 times

nt
● ¼ times
● doubled
● unchanged Ce
ish
3) A ray of light passes from air into water. Striking the surface of the water with an N.
angle of incidence 45o. Which of these quantities change as the light enters the
water. i) Wavelength ii) frequency iii) speed of propagation iv) direction of
gl

propagation
En

● i and ii only.
● iii and iv only.
● i, iii, and iv only
E

● all of them.
M

4) Optically active substances are those substances which

● produce polarized light
● rotate the plane of polarization of polarized light
● produce double refraction
● convert a plane polarized light into circularly polarized light

5) Plane polarized light is passed through a Polaroid. On viewing through the Polaroid
we find that when Polaroid is given one complete rotation about the direction of light
● The intensity of light gradually decreases to zero and remains at zero.
● The intensity of light gradually increases to maximum and remains at maximum

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● There is no change in the intensity of light

● The intensity of light varies such that it is twice maximum and twice zero.

6) What term describes the bending of light waves as they pass from one medium into
another with a different refractive index?
● Reflection
● Dispersion
● Refraction
● Diffraction

7) Which phenomenon explains why a rainbow displays a spectrum of colors?

● Diffraction

er
● Dispersion
● Interference

nt
● Reflection

following is true? Ce
8) When a beam of light travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium, which of the

● The speed of light decreases, and its frequency increases.

ish
● The speed of light increases, and its frequency decreases.
● The speed of light decreases, and its wavelength decreases.
gl

● The speed of light increases, and its wavelength increases.

En

9) What is the phenomenon where light waves cancel each other out, resulting in areas
of darkness in the pattern of light?
● Polarization
E

● Interference
● Dispersion
M

● Diffraction

10) Which type of lens can converge parallel rays of light to a single focal point?
● Convex lens
● Concave lens
● Plano-concave lens
● Plano-convex lens

1) Radio waves 2) 4 times 3) i, iii, and iv 4) rotate the

only plane of

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polarization
of polarized
light

5) The intensity 6) Refraction 7) Dispersion 8) The speed of

of light light
varies such increases,
that it is and its
twice frequency
maximum decreases.
and twice
zero

9) Interference 10) Convex lens

er
nt
Most important Short Questions of chapter 13

Ce
1. In a Young's double slit experiment, how the interference phenomenon is
affected by changing the slits separation and the distance between the slits and
screen?
ish
2. What is meant by Huygens's Principle?
3. Explain Conditions for interference of light:?
gl

4. Explain and drived Newton's Rings?

5. Explain Diffraction of Light?
En

Most important Numericals of chapter 13

E

1. A grating has exactly 8000 lines uniformly spaced over 2.54 cm and is
M

illuminated by light from a mercury vapor discharge lamp. What is the expected
angle for the third order maximum of the light of wavelength 546 nm.
Ans ( θ = 31o3’28.8”)

2. How many lines per centimeter are there in a grating which gives 1st order
spectra at an angle of 30o when the wavelength of light is 6 x 10-5
cm? Ans ( N = 8333.333 lines/cm )

3. A beam of X-rays of wavelength 0.071 nm is diffracted by a diffracting plane of

rock salt with distance between the atomic planes are 1.98Å. Find the glancing
angle for the second-order diffraction. Ans ( θ = 21o )

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4. Newton's rings are formed by the light of 400 nm wavelength. Determine the
change in air film thickness between the third and sixth bright fringe. If the radius
of curvature of the curved surface is 5.0m, what is the radius of third bright
fringe? Ans ( r = 2.236x10-3 m = 2.236 mm )

Most important Long Questions of chapter 13

1. Explain young double slit experiment and also drived the formula of analytical
treatment of interference and position of fringes on the screen

er
2. 2. Discuss the conditions required for interference and provide examples of
Interference in daily life.

nt
Ce
ish
gl
En
E
M

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Chapter 14 ( Communication )
Most important MCQs of chapter 14
1) A communication channel consists of:
● transmission line only
● optical fiber only
● free space only
● All of them

2) As compared to sound waves frequency of radio waves is:

● higher

er
● equal
● lower

nt
● may be higher or lower

Ce
3) The process of superimposing signal frequency on the carrier wave is known as
● transmission
ish
● detection
● reception
● modulation
gl

4) AM is used for broadcasting because:

En

● requires less transmitting power compare with other systems

● It is more noise immune than other modulation system
● no other modulation can provide the necessary hand width faithful transmission
E

● Its use avoids receiver complexity

M

5) Data in compact disc is stored in the form of

● analog signal
● digital signal
● noise
● both (a) &(b)

6) What type of electromagnetic waves are commonly used for wireless b.

communication, including radio and television?
● Gamma rays
● Infrared waves

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● Microwaves
● X-rays

7) Which property of a wave represents the number of oscillations (cycles) per unit time
and is used to specify the frequency of a signal?
● Amplitude
● Wavelength
● Phase
● Frequency

8) In optical fiber communication, data is typically transmitted using:

● Infrared light

er
● Ultraviolet light
● Visible light

nt
● X-rays

Ce
9) What does the term "modulation" refer to in the context of communication systems?
● The process of encoding information onto a carrier wave
● The process of decoding received signals
ish
● The process of amplifying signals
● The process of filtering out noise from signals
gl

10) Which of the following communication technologies relies on the reflection of radio
En

waves to communicate over long distances?

● Fiber optics
● Satellite communication
E

● Bluetooth
● Infrared communication
M

1) optical fiber 2) higher 3) modulation 4) Its use

only avoids
receiver
complexity

5) digital signal 6) Microwaves 7) Frequency 8) Visible light

9) The process 10) .Satellite

of encoding communicati
information on
onto a carrier
wave

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Most important Short Questions of chapter 14

1. Write 5 differences between analog and digital transmission

2. Write advantages and disadvantages of frequency modulation
3. Explain Advantages of the Transmission of Data in Digital Form Over
Transmission in Analog Form:
4. Briefly explain the merits of channel communication?
5. What is optical fiber? How is information carried out through optical fiber? Give
advantages of using optical fiber over other communication channels

Most important Numericals of chapter 14

😊There are no numericals in Chapter 14☺️

er
nt
Most important Long Questions of chapter 14
Ce
1. What is modulation? Why is it needed for the transmission of signals?
ish
2. What are the main components of a Satellite? How communication takes place
in a satellite. Explain three orbits of a satellite.
gl
En
E
M

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