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Lect 2

The document introduces HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), the standard markup language for creating web pages. It discusses the different versions of HTML and describes important HTML elements like tags, attributes, and the basic structure of an HTML document, which includes the <html>, <head>, and <body> tags. The <head> contains meta information, while the <body> holds visible page content.

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Chaitanya Krishna Deepak
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9 views11 pages

Lect 2

The document introduces HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), the standard markup language for creating web pages. It discusses the different versions of HTML and describes important HTML elements like tags, attributes, and the basic structure of an HTML document, which includes the <html>, <head>, and <body> tags. The <head> contains meta information, while the <body> holds visible page content.

Uploaded by

Chaitanya Krishna Deepak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

WEB ENABLED TECHNOLOGY

Semester-II(2024-25)

HTML(Lect 2)

Department of DSAI

January 9, 2024

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Introduction to HTML
HTML(HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE)
1 HTML or HyperText Markup Language is the standard markup
language used to create web pages.
2 Web pages are also called HTML document.
3 HTML is written in the form of HTML element consisting of tags
enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>).
4 It is the language interpreted by a browser.
Hyper Text
HyperText simply means ”Text within Text.” A text has a link within
it, is a hypertext. Whenever you click on a link which brings you to a
new webpage, you have clicked on a hypertext. HyperText is a way to
link two or more web pages (HTML documents) with each other.
Markup language:
A markup language is a computer language that is used to apply
layout and formatting conventions to a text document. Markup
language makes text more interactive and dynamic. It can turn text
into images, tables, links, etc. 2/11
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Different Version of HTML

Tim Berner-Lee invents HTML 1.0 in 1991, which was released in


1993.The first version consist of only 18 tags.
HTML 2.0 was invented in 1995.
HTML 3.0 was published in 1997.
The widely used HTML 4.0 was published in 1999.
HTML 5.0 was released in 2014.
HTML5 is the latest version of HTML.it includes 145 tags.

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HTML Tags

Tags are instructions that are embedded directly into the text of the
document.
All HTML tags are begin with an open angle brcket(<) and end with
a close angle bracket(>).
Each HTML tag describes that the browser should do something
instead of simply displaying the text
Tags are not case sensitive i.e. they may be written in lower or upper
case letters.
Tags are also called element of a HTML document.
HTML tags can be of types:-
1 Singular Tag
2 Paired Tag

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HTML Tag cont...

Paired Tag
1 A tag is said to be paired tag if it, along with a companion tag.
2 In paired tags, the first tag is referred to as Opening Tag and the
second tag is referred to as Closing Tag.
3 The effect of paired tag is applied only to the text the tag contain.
Example: <i>This text is in italics. </i> The text contained
between them to be rendered in italic. Here <i>is called opening tag.
and </i>is called closing tag.
Singular Tag
1 A Singular tags does not have a companion tag. Singular tags are also
known as unpaired tag or Stand-Alone Tags.
Example: <br >, <hr > ( These tags does not require any
companion tag.)

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HTML Attributes

HTML tags can have attributes


Attributes provide additional information about an element
Attributes are always specified in the start tag
Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name=”value”

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The structure of an HTML program

A HTML document is basically separated in two parts: the head (HTML


head tag) and the body (HTML body tag). We also add a Document type
declaration on top of it to get the basic document structure and HTML
version.
The structure of a HTML document is shown below.
<! DOCTYPE . . . > version information
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>...information about document, scripts, styles. . . .</TITLE>
< /HEAD>
<BODY>
...visible content of document. . . .
</BODY>
</HTML>

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The structure of an HTML program cont...

The !DOCTYPE declaration: Every well written HTML document begins


with a basic declaration that defines what type of document it is. This
declaration is made using the!DOCTYPE tag and is to be written at the
beginning of the document. It tellS the processing agent and HTML
version. Sample is shown below.
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC ”-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN”>
<HTML> tag:
1 The html tag acts as a container for the whole document. Every
character in the document should be in between the html start and
end tags.
2 The content of the html tag is divided in two parts using the head
(HTML head tag) and the body (HTML body tag).

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The structure of an HTML program cont...

< HEAD> tag:


1 This section is the document’s head.
2 All the information contained in the document’s head is loaded first,
before any other thing in the document, as it’s defined before the
body segment.
3 It includes tags like title, script, style, and so on.
<BODY> tag:
1 This is the document’s body.
2 The body is the container for the visual part of a document.
3 All the things written here will be shown when the document is
rendered.
4 Most of the tags in HTML can be inserted in the body section (inside
the HTML body tag) and will take care of the visual aspects of the
document. 9/11
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Example

<! DOCTYPE HTML> version information


<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> My first web page</TITLE>
< /HEAD>
<BODY bgcolor=red>
Welcome to this page.
</BODY>
</HTML>

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output

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