Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ___________________

1. Use the diagram below to answer this question.

Which correctly identifies the parts of a wave in this diagram? (S8P4.f)

A) A is the crest; B is the trough; C is the wavelength.

B) A is the wavelength; B is the crest; C is the trough.

C) A is the trough; B is the wavelength; C is the crest.

D) A is the trough; B is the crest; C is the wavelength.

2. The discovery that stars emit energy across the entire electromagnetic spectrum led to which of the
following innovations? (S8P4.c)

A) radio telescope B) microwave oven C) cellular telephone D) satellite communication

3. As Maria stood knee-deep in the ocean, she noted how high the waves came up on her compared to the
day before. Which property of waves was Maria observing? (S8P4.f)

A) frequency

B) wavelength

C) amplitude

D) speed

4. Which drawing is an example of reflection? (S8P4.e)

A) Both types of waves require a medium.

B) Both types of waves have a frequency.

C) Both types of waves transmit matter.

D) Both types of waves have a pitch.

6. You are sitting on the edge of a pool with your legs in the water. As light waves pass from the pool into the
air, it looks like your legs are not attached at the knees where they meet the water. This is because light
waves _______________ when they pass from one medium to another. (S8P4.e)

A) are amplified

B) diffract

C) reflect

D) refract

7. The speed of a sound wave depends MOSTLY on (S8P4.f)

A) the amplitude of the wave.

B) the frequency of the wave.

C) the angle at which it approaches the listener.

D) the medium through which the wave travels.

You notice after the train passed, the pitch of the train whistle became lower. This change in sound would be
represented by what change in the graph? (S8P4.f)

A) The distance represented by "A" would increase.

B) The distance represented by "A" would decrease.

C) The distance represented by "C" would increase.

D) The distance represented by "C" would decrease.

9. The waves in the pool where you are floating have a crest height of about 1 foot. Bobby does a cannonball
dive off the side of the pool and sends waves 4 feet high toward your raft. The waves that Bobby produced
have a greater (S8P4.f)

A) amplitude.

B) compression.

C) frequency.

D) wavelength.
10. You can see your image in a shiny, flat surface because lights waves bounce directly back at you and your
eyes. This is an example of (S8P4.e)

A) diffraction.

B) reflection.

C) refraction.

D) transparency.

11. You can observe the color of your friend’s shirt with your eyes because (S8P4.d)

A) the shirt produces light waves.

B) the shirt releases light waves.

C) light is reflected off of the shirt.

D) light is transmitted from the shirt.

12. You and your father inspect an empty house with the hopes of buying it. You walk through the rooms
talking to one another, and you notice that your voices and footsteps are echoing in the big, empty house.
What causes the echo? (S8P4.e)

A) sound waves moving slowly through air

B) sound waves moving around the large rooms

C) sound waves refracting around corners in the empty rooms

D) sound waves reflecting off smooth, flat surfaces throughout the house

13. Imagine a ringing bell set inside a sealed glass jar. Once all the air is removed and a vacuum is created, the
ringing sound is no longer heard. Explain why this happens. (S8P4.e)

A) The glass prevents any sound from escaping.

B) The lack of air in the jar causes the ringing to stop.

C) Without air, the sound waves cannot travel to the ear.

D) The pressure of the outside air causes the sound to remain within the jar.
14. It was a cold, sunny day and the ground was covered with fresh snow. Maria wore her black sweatshirt
outside to play in the snow. She knew that black would __________ light waves and help keep her warm.
(S8P4.d)

A) absorb

B) diffract

C) reflect

D)refract

15. Why does the human eye observe the different colors of a rainbow? (S8P4.d)

A) White light is broken down in the eye into its separate colors.

B) Different colors of light travel at different speeds to the eye.

C) The eye sees different wavelengths of light as different colors.

D) The eye sees different colors of light in different locations of the eye.

16. Assume waves A, B, C, and D, illustrated below, each represent a different wave of the electromagnetic
spectrum. Which wave would MOST likely be energetic enough to damage living human cells? (S8P4.b)
17. In order for a fish to see a bug just above the surface of the water, light travels from the insect through the
air and crosses in1pt.to the water until it reaches the fishes' eye. Which statement is true regarding the light
wave as it travels? (S8P4.f)

A) It will bend as it hits the water because it slows down.

B) It will bend as it hits the water because the water particles move slower than air.

C) It will travel straight from the bug to the fishes' eye because that is the most direct path.

D) It will travel straight from the bug to the fishes' eye because it will continue to travel at the speed of

light.

18. The wave pictured below represents a sound wave.

If the distance from "A" to "B" increased, what would happen to the pitch? (S8P4.f)

A) The pitch would be louder.

B) The pitch would be softer.

C) The pitch would be higher.

D) The pitch would be lower.

19. As the fire truck approached Mary, the pitch of the siren got higher. Once the fire truck passed and moved
away, the siren's pitch got lower. This change in pitch is because of a change in the sound wave's (S8P4.f)

A) amplitude.

B) concussion.

C) frequency.

D) reflection.
20. Josie sees lightning off in the distance. A few seconds later she hears thunder. What can Josie conclude?
(S8P4.e)

A) Sound waves do not travel long distances.

B) Light waves travel faster than sound waves.

C) Sound waves are weaker than light waves.

D) Light waves last longer than sound waves.

21. Mariam's mother had an ultrasound to see the baby growing inside of her. Which statement explains how
ultrasound works? (S8P4.c)

A) A special cream is heated and placed on her mother's stomach area, which produces an image on a

computer.

B) A fluorescent light is used to transmit light waves into her mother's body, which produce an image

on a computer.

C) Sound waves are sent into her mother's body, which reflect off of the baby and produce an image

on a computer.

D) A type of medicine is injected into her mother, which causes an image of the baby to be produced

on a computer.

22. Which of these is one way that mechanical waves differ from electromagnetic waves? (S8P4.a)

A) Mechanical waves require energy and electromagnetic waves do not.

B) Mechanical waves require a medium and electromagnetic waves do not.

C) Electromagnetic waves require a medium and mechanical waves do not.

D) Mechanical waves transmit matter and electromagnetic waves transmit energy.

23. The distance between one point on a compression and the corresponding point on the next compression
in a sound wave is called a (S8P4.a)

A) wavelength.

B) rarefaction.

C) crest.

D) trough.
Constructed Response:

24. A very small part of the electromagnetic spectrum is the spectrum of visible light. All the colors in the
spectrum of visible light have different wavelengths and frequencies. All light travels at the same speed.
(S8P4.b)

Part A

Explain how the relationship between wavelength, frequency, and the speed of light of the visible spectrum is
similar for parts of the electromagnetic spectrum not visible to the human eye.

Part B

Describe the relationship between wavelength and frequency.

Part C

Explain whether the relationship between frequency and wavelength is true for mechanical waves.

Part D

Explain what happens to light waves when they pass from air through water.
25. A student notices the ocean waves coming into shore and moving past a jetty barrier made of rocks. The
student wonders if light waves behave like the ocean waves when there is a barrier. The student investigates
and constructs two models. Model 1 represents the ocean waves and a jetty barrier and Model 2 represents
light waves moving through a tiny slit in a barrier. (S8P4.d)

Part A

Identify the type of waves in both Model 1 and Model 2.

Part B

Identify the process that causes the waves in Model 2 to move in a semicircle pattern on the other side of the
barrier.

Part C

Explain the difference in how the types of waves in Part A transfer energy.

Part D

Describe how the ocean waves would behave if there was an opening in the middle of the rock jetty. Explain
your answer.