Alleyne School Candidate No:0300021283

Form 5L Date: 13/11/2023

Logic Gates circuits.

1. Construct the circuit as shown below using switches.

a. What type of logic gate is equivalent to this circuit? Draw the symbol for this gate.

The logic gate equivalent to the circuit above is the is the AND gate.
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b. Complete the truth table below for this circuit

Switch A Switch B Lamp Q output

0 0 0

1 0 0

0 1 0

1 1 1
2. Construct the circuit as shown below using switches.

c. What type of logic gate is equivalent to this circuit? Draw the symbol for this gate.

The logic gate equivalent to the circuit above is the OR gate.

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d. Complete the truth table below for this circuit

Switch A Switch B Lamp Q output

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 1

3. Construct the circuit shown below using a logic gate circuit package.
 a. Complete the truth tables for the circuit.

Input A Input B LED output

0 0 1

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 0

4. What is an integrated circuit?

An integrated circuit (IC) is a miniature electronic circuit consisting of semiconductor devices such as
transistors, diodes, and resistors, as well as passive components like capacitors and inductors, fabricated
onto a single semiconductor substrate or chip. The components are interconnected by metal traces or
wires deposited on the chip's surface. Integrated circuits can contain hundreds to billions of individual
electronic components and are the building blocks of modern electronic devices, ranging from simple
calculators to complex computers and smartphones. They revolutionized electronics by enabling
compact, lightweight, and high-performance electronic systems.

5. Which logic gate has the same function as two switches in series?

Two switches in series form an AND gate. In an AND gate, the output is only high (1) when both inputs
are high (1). If either input or both inputs are low (0), the output is low (0). Similarly, when both
switches in series are closed (i.e., allowing current to flow), the output is equivalent to a logic high state.
If either switch is open (i.e., interrupting the flow of current), the output is equivalent to a logic low
state.

6. Which logic gate has the same function as two switches in parallel?

Two switches in parallel are equivalent to an OR gate. In an OR gate, the output is high (1) if any of the
inputs are high (1). Similarly, when two switches are in parallel, if either switch is closed (allowing
current to flow), the circuit is completed, and the output is equivalent to a logic high state.

7. Explain briefly why one will consider an operational amplifier as an integrated circuit.

An operational amplifier (op-amp) is considered an integrated circuit (IC) because it typically consists of
multiple transistors, resistors, capacitors, and other electronic components fabricated onto a single
semiconductor chip. This integration allows for a compact and efficient design that can perform complex
analog signal processing functions. By combining all necessary components onto a single chip, an op-
amp can provide high gain, high input impedance, low output impedance, and other desirable
characteristics essential for various electronic applications. The integration of these components into a
single package simplifies circuit design, reduces size, and enhances reliability, making op-amps a
fundamental building block in modern electronic
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8.State two industrial applications for logic gates and briefly explain how these applications are
achieved.

Digital Circuit Design: Logic gates are fundamental building blocks in digital circuit design. These circuits
are used in various industrial applications, such as in computers, microcontrollers, and integrated
circuits. The logic gates, such as AND, OR, NOT, NAND, and NOR gates, are interconnected to perform
specific functions based on Boolean algebra. For example, in a microprocessor, logic gates are used to
perform arithmetic and logical operations on binary data. The design process involves selecting the
appropriate combination of logic gates and interconnecting them to achieve the desired functionality.

Automated Control Systems: Logic gates are extensively used in automated control systems to control
the operation of machinery and processes in industrial settings. In these systems, logic gates help in
decision-making by processing input signals and generating appropriate output signals based on
predefined conditions. For instance, in a manufacturing plant, logic gates can be used to control the
operation of conveyor belts, robotic arms, and other equipment. By employing logic gates, complex
control logic can be implemented efficiently, allowing for precise control and automation of industrial
processes.

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