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Lecture #03, Microprocessor

The document discusses the basic architecture of the 8086 microprocessor. It has two separate functional units: the Bus Interface Unit (BIU) and the Execution Unit (EU). The BIU handles external bus operations like instruction fetching and reading/writing data to memory and I/O devices. It also generates addresses and fills the instruction queue. The EU decodes and executes instructions from the queue, generates operand addresses, tests status flags, and updates them during instruction execution. The 8086 architecture employs parallel processing between these two units.

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19 views

Lecture #03, Microprocessor

The document discusses the basic architecture of the 8086 microprocessor. It has two separate functional units: the Bus Interface Unit (BIU) and the Execution Unit (EU). The BIU handles external bus operations like instruction fetching and reading/writing data to memory and I/O devices. It also generates addresses and fills the instruction queue. The EU decodes and executes instructions from the queue, generates operand addresses, tests status flags, and updates them during instruction execution. The 8086 architecture employs parallel processing between these two units.

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EEE-3103: Microprocessor and Interfacing

Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering


University of Dhaka

Prof. Sazzad M.S. Imran, PhD


sazzadmsi.webnode.com
Technological Improvement
Following technological improvements are taking place rapidly in microprocessor,
microcomputer and personal computer systems.
(i) Increase in data bus/address bus width.
(ii) Increase in processing speed.
(iii) Reduction in size and increase in capability.
(iv) Development of external peripherals.
(v) Increase in memory unit size and speed.
(vi) Reduction of power consumption.
Basic Architecture of 8086
8086 microprocessor has 2 separate functional units.
- Bus Interface Unit (BIU) and
- Execution Unit (EU).

8086 architecture employs parallel processing.

BIU has
- segment registers,
- instruction pointer,
- address generation and bus control logic block,
- instruction queue.

EU has
- general purpose registers,
- ALU,
- control unit,
- instruction register,
- flag (or status) register.
Basic Architecture of 8086
Main jobs performed by BIU are-
(i) All external bus operations.
(ii) Instruction fetching,
(iii) Reading/writing of data/operands for
memory,
(iv) Inputting/outputting of data for
peripheral devices.
(v) Filling instruction queue.
(vi) Address generation.
Basic Architecture of 8086
Main jobs performed by EU are-
(i) Decoding/execution of instructions.
(ii) It accepts instructions from output end
of instruction queue and
data from general purpose registers or
memory.
(iii) It generates operand addresses when
necessary, hands them over to BIU to perform
read or write cycle to memory or I/O devices.
(iv) EU tests status of flags in control register
and updates them when executing
instructions.
(v) EU waits for instructions from
instruction queue, when it is empty.

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