Ssociology Past Exam June-2022-Question-Paper-12

Cambridge Ordinary Level
SOCIOLOGY 2251/12
Paper 1 May/June 2022
2 hours
You must answer on the enclosed answer booklet.
You will need: Answer booklet (enclosed)

*9083158155*
INSTRUCTIONS
• Answer two questions in total:
Section A: answer Question 1.
Answer either Question 2 in Section B or Question 3 in Section C.
• Follow the instructions on the front cover of the answer booklet. If you need additional answer paper,
ask the invigilator for a continuation booklet.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
• The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
This document has 4 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.
06_2251_12_2022_1.1
© UCLES 2022 [Turn over
2
Section A: Theory and methods
Answer Question 1.
Source A
1 The table shows self-reported data on health in Great Britain from 2005 to 2011.
The data was gained from people aged 16 and over who filled in a questionnaire.
Table 1.1
Percentage who 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
reported their
general health was: % % % % % % %
Very Good 34 33 34 35 40 39 34
Good 41 43 43 40 39 40 43
Fair 18 17 17 16 15 15 18
Bad 6 5 5 4 5 5 5
Very Bad 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Sample size 18 010 16 720 15 670 14 720 13 480 13 330 13 100
Adapted from source: General Lifestyle Survey, Office for National Statistics.
(a) From Source A identify the two years in which the highest number of people reported their
health as ‘very good’. [2]
(b) Identify two primary research methods useful for studying people’s health, apart from
questionnaires. [2]
(c) Using information from Source A, describe two problems with the data gathered on health.[4]
(d) Describe two limitations of using telephone questionnaires in research. [4]
(e) Describe two strengths and two limitations of stratified sampling in research. [8]
(f) Explain why some sociologists prefer large-scale research. [10]
(g) To what extent are ethical issues the most important factor when planning sociological research?
[15]
© UCLES 2022 06_2251_12_2022_1.1

3
Answer either Question 2 or Question 3.
Section B: Culture, identity and socialisation
2 Many sociologists investigate globalisation and its impact on the world. This leads to a debate about
whether increased multiculturalism is a strength or a weakness of modern industrial societies.
Despite these changes all societies still need to have agents of social control and agents of
socialisation.
(a) What is meant by the term ‘globalisation’? [2]
(b) Describe two agents of formal social control. [4]
(c) Explain how canalisation influences gender identity. [6]
(d) Explain why schools are an important agent of socialisation. [8]
(e) To what extent is multiculturalism a strength of modern industrial societies? [15]
Section C: Social inequality
3 Sociologists often research inequalities such as vertical segregation and scapegoating. Many
sociologists research ascribed status and how it affects life chances. Some sociologists consider
gender to be the most influential factor in social inequality. However, in many societies a welfare
state has been created to help individuals affected by some of these issues.
(a) What is meant by the term ‘vertical segregation’? [2]
(b) Describe two ways the welfare state helps individuals in modern industrial societies. [4]
(c) Explain how some ethnic minority groups are scapegoated in society. [6]
(d) Explain why ascribed status can affect a person’s life chances. [8]
(e) To what extent is gender the most influential factor in social inequality? [15]
© UCLES 2022 06_2251_12_2022_1.1

4
BLANK PAGE
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reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge
Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2022 06_2251_12_2022_1.1

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Cambridge Ordinary Level

You must answer on the enclosed answer booklet.

You will need: Answer booklet (enclosed)

This document has 4 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

Section A: Theory and methods

Sample size 18 010 16 720 15 670 14 720 13 480 13 330 13 100

(d) Describe two limitations of using telephone questionnaires in research. [4]

(f) Explain why some sociologists prefer large-scale research. [10]

© UCLES 2022 06_2251_12_2022_1.1

Answer either Question 2 or Question 3.

Section B: Culture, identity and socialisation

(a) What is meant by the term ‘globalisation’? [2]

(b) Describe two agents of formal social control. [4]

(c) Explain how canalisation influences gender identity. [6]

(d) Explain why schools are an important agent of socialisation. [8]

(e) To what extent is multiculturalism a strength of modern industrial societies? [15]

Section C: Social inequality

(a) What is meant by the term ‘vertical segregation’? [2]

© UCLES 2022 06_2251_12_2022_1.1

© UCLES 2022 06_2251_12_2022_1.1

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