MASTER OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT

Faculty of Science and Engineering

Assignment-1
Strategic Technology: Internet of Things (IoT)
 IoT

Question 01: Provide a summary of the technology, past, present, and future. How has it evolved in
recent years, where are we today, and what do analysts predict about its future?

Summary: IoT stands for Internet of Things. It is the 5th generation industrial revolution. It is actually a
system where a group of devices are connected with each other and communicating with each other.
Nowadays every day everywhere we are using IoT. Modern Education, Hospitals, Traffic systems, Fire
systems, security, communication, and many more services depend on IoT. From the field of agriculture
to the space shuttle everywhere now people are using the Internet of Things.

Past: The terms of the Internet of Things were first introduced by the computer scientist Kevin Ashton in
1999. While working at Procter & Gamble, Ashton proposed putting radio-frequency identification chips
on products to track them through a supply chain. Earlier in 1982 a student of Carnegie Mellon
University named David Nicholas with his two fellow classmates Mike Kazar and Ivor Durham invented an
idea that could detect whether the Coke vendor machine had many Coke bottles left and whether the
bottles were cold or not. Anyone from the university can check the status at that time by ARPANET. In
the year of 1989 World Wide Web was introduced by Tim Lee, which is now known by the Internet. In
1990 a toaster was connected to the internet by John Romkey and that to no Wi-Fi device was available
and that toaster was considered as the first IoT device. Over the next decade, public interest in IoT
started to increase and IoT-related products came on the market. Companies like LG first introduced
smart refrigerators in the market in the year 2000. And it was just the beginning. In 2007 the iPhone
launched and a year after many more connected devices came to the market. In the year 2009, Google
introduced the first driverless car.

Timeline of IoT written below:

1982 – Carnegie Mellon University Coke Vending machine

1989- World Wide Web Framework by Tim Berners Lee

1990- Toaster connected to the Internet by John Romkey

1993- Trojan Room Coffee project by the University of Cambridge

2005- UN International Telecommunication report

2008- First IoT conference in Zurich.

Present: At the present time people all over the world using IoT. Many of them don’t know even the IoT
but they are using and the most interesting thing is that they are kind of dependent on it. The popularity
of the IoT is not stuck only in our daily lives it makes it important in mega projects, developments, and
innovation. According to a report around 10 billion active IoT devices right now and more than 83
percent of businesses merge their technology with the IoT. Nowadays every electronic product is IoT
supported. As an example, people use smart fridges which can take command from the owner. People
use smart TVs, and AC. People also now using their security systems connected with IoT, so that they can
control them from anywhere in the world. In space aviation, IoT plays a very important role. Scientists
are sending their space shuttle to Mars and controlling them from Earth.

Future: In the year 2016 there were 4.6 billion devices connected to internet. It is estimated that by the
end of 2025, more than 21 billion IoT-supported devices will be connected. Not only humans, but even
more cities will be smart and more companies will adopt new technology. 5G networks will help to grow
IoT growth more and more. We may see driverless cars, and public buses on the road.

Question 02: Provide an example detailed case study on how an organization successfully uses this
technology to gain a strategic advantage. We are more interested in leading-edge applications.

Nike & Technology

Nike is one of the leading apparel manufacturing companies. It is a well-reputed company worldwide.
They always give priority to client choice and always try to put innovation in their products. During the
Covid-19 situation, they realized that they needed to focus on online platforms and more interaction
with online audiences. So, the team started finding the solution and finally, they started an e-commerce
platform to minimize the gap. They used the capacity of business technology to build applications like
Nike Training Club and Nike Run Club. In the year of 2017 Nike team decided to move away from the
wholesale business and sell products to direct clients, which is a very risky step. Users of these 2
applications enjoy various training programs and health-related suggestions. For this customer thinks
that Nike is not a brand, they take them as a perfect lifestyle application that makes perfect clothes and
footwear for them. Today Nike sells 43% on the e-commerce site. They are projected to be 50% by the
end of this year.
Question 03: Research a major publicly listed company. The company can be here in Australia or
overseas. Provide a summary business case for using your chosen technology (stated above) in a novel
manner that the organization is not currently doing. There needs to be an alignment with strategy,
culture, and capability for the organization to derive a strategic benefit. Financials can be expressed in
rough terms to answer the question as to the possible cost implementation, as well as the potential
financial benefit.

Novel Application of IoT

Ali Express is one of the largest online shopping platforms in China and is owned by the Ali Baba group.
They operate their business worldwide. Ali express started the business as a business-to-business selling
product. Then it has expanded business and now they doing business with business to business, business
to consumer, consumer to consumer, payment service, and cloud computing. They ran their websites in
many languages such as English, Chinese, Polish, German, French, Dutch, Hindi, Bengali, and Indonesian.
So they can reached the customers from all over the world

Order Tracking System:

To track Aliexpress orders, customers get a link with a tracking number after ordering any products.
When they click on the link they are asked about the number. By giving the number the process finds out
the customer's name and their ordered product. Then the management portal showed the customer the
current status. They can easily monitor the whole shipping process until they get the products on their
hand.

Supply Chain:

When any customer applies for any products in the portal the supplier gets the request. The supplier has
another application in which they can receive purchase requests from clients. They packed the product
and sent it to Ali Express Wearhouse. Ali Express holds the customer's money and after getting the
products by the client and after they are satisfied they disburse the money to the seller. The whole
process is online-based.
Customer Data:

IoT can be used to collect client's data and analyze them. Throughout the use of the app, they can store
customer choices, demands, likes, and dislikes. Some data is also given by the clients themselves. Such as
product quality, seller response, delivery experience, shopping experience Ali Express, and also their
personnel feedback. These types of data are used by the company for their betterment.

Bibliography

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