THE EXPERIENCE OF
FIAMM AT THE SERVICE
OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Nowadays, the energy requirements of modern vehicles require
batteries capable of maintaining their performance for a long time.
In particular, in a quest to reduce CO2 emissions and comply with EU
regulations, car manufacturers have developed micro hybrid models
equipped with devices, such as Start & Stop and Brake Energy
Regeneration, which require a much more intense battery use.
The new range of ecoFORCE batteries for micro hybrid cars
provides a response to this need.
EMISSIONS
EUROPEAN DIRECTIVE ON THE REDUCTION OF CO2 EMISSIONS
Altogether, cars and light commercial vehicles account for approximately 15% of all CO2 emissions
in the European Union, including those from fuel procurement. The objectives fixed by the European
Commission will lead to the reduction of the average CO2 emissions of new cars from 135.7 g/km (in
2011) to 95 g of CO2 per kilometre in 2020, whereby improving the previous goal, which was to reach
130 g/km by 2015. This challenge for auto makers is the beginning of a new era which will determine
considerable changes in vehicle manufacturing and will also influence the automotive component sector
in a major manner.
The battery will become the beating heart of the car even more than it is today and will be expected to
provide increasingly more frequent starts and unprecedented storage capacity.
THE EU2020 TARGET
The European Parliament has The reform includes a transition phase, limited to
one year only (2020), and a "supercredit" system,
approved new standards governing applicable from 2020 to 2022, in which cars
CO2 emissions of new generation which emit less than 50 g/km of CO2 will count
double in the manufacturer’s average.
cars which starting from 2020 It is estimated that the target of 95 g/km of CO2
must not exceed the maximum will allow 15 tons lower CO2 emissions and better
limit of 95 g/km. This restriction fuel efficiency equal to € 4000 for the entire
lifecycle of the vehicle.
will apply to manufacturers that
make more than 1000 cars per
year.
UE 27 - AVERAGE CO2 EMISSIONS OF NEW CARS SOLD (g/km)
200
180
Average CO2 emissions from new passengers cars
160
140
120
2015 Target from new passengers cars
100
2020 Target from new passengers cars
80
60
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
ENFORCEMENT DATE OF EN 50342-1: 2015-11
The new edition of EN 50342-1 came into force on 5 October 2018.
EN 50342-1: Lead-acid starter batteries - Part 1: General requirements and methods of test.
This standard governs measurement of the electrical and mechanical properties of lead-acid batteries for
automotive applications. One of the innovations of the 2015 edition of EN 50342-1 is the classification of
some battery performances levels.
THE PERFORMANCE EN 50432-1: 2015 MIN MAX
TO BE CLASSIFIED
Water consumption W1 W5
AND THE RESPECTIVE
LEVELS ARE: Charge storage C1 C2
Resistance to vibrations V1 V4
Cycle duration E1 E4
Example of specifications stated 12 V 180 Ah 1100 A EN
on label: EN 50342-1: W3-C2-V1-E1
MICRO HEV
START & STOP SYSTEM - BRAKE ENERGY REGENERATION
Cars in the Micro HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) All electrical devices are powered exclusively by
category have a Start & Stop function which the battery when the vehicle is at a standstill.
switches off the engine when the car stops and According to NEDC (New European Driving
starts it again when the driver presses the clutch Cycle - used by all manufacturers to calculate
pedal or the throttle. fuel consumption), the Start & Stop function can
decrease CO2 emissions by 3-6%.
Micro HEV cars also fit a braking energy recovery This reduces the work of the thermal engine and
device capable of reducing consumption by up increases fuel efficiency. During acceleration, all
to 8% with respect to a conventional vehicle. the devices which are not actually needed are
The Brake Energy Regeneration recovers the disconnected from the driveline, to make all the
energy developed during deceleration or braking. engine power available for propelling the car and
The energy produced by the movement of the save fuel at the same time.
vehicle is collected and stored in the battery.
These devices require the use of ecoFORCE AFB batteries are generally suited
for cars with Start & Stop system.
a battery capable of withstanding
continuous and numerous AGM ecoFORCE batteries are indispensable
for the cars which combine various fuel saving
cranking, charging and discharging devices to the Start & Stop system.
cycles.
INSTRUMENTS TO REDUCE Gear shift indicators
Smart alternator
CONSUMPTION Dual clutch transmissions
Solutions for electronic management of frictions
and fluids
Steering by wire and braking by wire systems
EUROPEAN 14
12
MARKET
10
millions of cars
8
6
4
2
0
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Registered MHEV
AFB
ecoFORCE AFB (Advanced Flooded Battery) is an evolution of
conventional lead batteries. ecoFORCE AFB is the best solution for vehicles
equipped with Start&Stop system which require a higher energy support
than that offered by conventional SLI batteries.
In this case, the battery is characterised by a cycling resistance two times greater than that of a
conventional battery. In queues or at traffic lights, ecoFORCE AFB powers all the electrical components
when the engine is off and ensures reliable restarting as soon as the clutch is engaged.
High reserve
of electrolyte 5
1
SPC cover
Positive plates
Negative plates
AFB TECHNOLOGY
The main differences of an AFB battery with respect to a conventional free-acid battery are:
1 more electrolyte reserve; 4 positive plates characterised by:
a. special PbCaSn
2 large electrolyte exchange surface;
(Lead-Calcium-Tin) alloy grids;
3 negative plates characterised by: b. grid specially studied to withstand
a. special PbCaSn corrosion and high temperatures
(Lead-Calcium-Tin) alloy grids; (SAEJ2801);
b. negative active mass composition with c. layer to contain expansion of active
more carbon; mass during cycling;
c. expander compound specifically
5 electrode flags protected against corrosion
designed to withstand Start & Stop
and situations of potential danger.
cycles;
d. organic fibre layer to contain expansion
of active mass during cycling;
CAUTION
The use of conventional free-acid batteries on micro hybrid cars is absolutely not recommended and dangerous. FIAMM recommends
installing AFB/AGM batteries on these models. In case of replacement, always comply with the technology of the original battery.
BATTERY OPERATION THE MAIN ADVANTAGES
FLOODED HEAVY DUTY OE technology and quality
WHILE RECHARGING High resistance to the charging and discharging cycles
(cycling resistance greater than conventional Pb-Ca
batteries)
The composition of the active mass negative specially
designed to support the typical Start & Stop cycles
Excellent starting power
Longer lifecycle than conventional lead-calcium batteries
(measured in terms of energy output)
Maintenance-free
Development of oxygen
Development of hydrogen
POSITIVE PLATE
NEGATIVE PLATE
SEPARATOR
ELECTROLYTE
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
PERFOR- EN 50342-1:2015
DIMENSIONS SPECIFICATIONS
MANCE EN 50342-6:2015
REFE-
RENCE CAP. CCA L LA A LAY- HOLD- Resistance Endurance
BOX TERMINAL Water Charge to Mycro
AH A (EN) (mm) (mm) (mm) OUT DOWN
Consumption Retention Vibrations Cycle
TRM40 40 300 B20 197 129 227 0 3 B00 W3 C2 V2 M1
TRM40X 40 300 B20 197 129 227 1 3 B00 W3 C2 V2 M1
TRN45 45 360 B24 238 129 227 0 3 B00 W3 C2 V2 M1
TR600 60 600 L2 242 175 190 0 1 B13 W4 C2 V2 M1
TRQ65 65 510 D23 232 173 225 0 1 B00 W3 C2 V2 M1
TR650 65 650 L3B 278 175 175 0 1 B13 W3 C2 V2 M1
TR720 70 720 L3 278 175 190 0 1 B13 W4 C2 V2 M1
TRS75 75 600 D26 260 173 225 0 1 B00 W3 C2 V2 M1
TR730 75 730 L4B 315 175 175 0 1 B13 W3 C2 V2 M1
TR740 80 740 L4 315 175 190 0 1 B13 W4 C2 V2 M1
TRT80 80 800 D31 302 172 220 0 1 B00 W3 C2 V2 M1
TR850 95 850 L5 353 175 190 0 1 B13 W4 C2 V2 M1
AGM
ecoFORCE AGM (Absorbent Glass Material) is the ideal battery for micro
hybrid cars with Start& Stop, Brake Energy Regeneration and other fuel
saving technologies.
The operation of all these instruments depends on the presence of a battery which provides optimum
efficiency operating mainly in extreme cycling conditions.
Safety valves
Polypropylene
casing
Electrolyte absorbed in glass
microfibre separators
AGM TECHNOLOGY
The main feature which differentiates an the dissociation of water during recharging can
ecoFORCE AGM battery from a conventional migrate to the negative plate where it is fixed to
one is gas recombination technology. then recombine with hydrogen and form water
Water dissociates into hydrogen and oxygen in again. In principle, this establishes a closed
a conventional flooded lead battery when it is electrochemical cycle without gas emissions
recharged. The two gases are released through outside and without consuming water.
the caps and the level of electrolyte decreases It is a simple system that requires high
in the battery. ecoFORCE, instead, exploits the constructive accuracy and careful selection of
recombination principle. By using a special, components in order to work perfectly.
very fine separator (Absorbent Glass Material) Crucial are the plate-mat system compression
seeped in a controlled amount of electrolyte, the and the purity of components.
oxygen released from the positive plate due to
CAUTION
The use of conventional free-acid batteries on micro hybrid cars is absolutely not recommended and dangerous. FIAMM recommends
installing AFB/AGM batteries on these models. In case of replacement, always comply with the technology of the original battery.
ecoFORCE SEALED GAS- THE MAIN ADVANTAGES
RECOMBINATION BATTERY
OPERATION OE technology and quality
Breakaway current
Extreme resistance to the
charging and discharging cycles
Safety valve (three times more resistant
than conventional lead-calcium
batteries)
Low self-discharge
Vibration resistance higher than
conventional batteries
Maintenance-free
No leakage of liquid and gas
Development of oxygen
Recombination of oxygen
POSITIVE PLATE
NEGATIVE PLATE
SEPARATOR SEEPED
IN ELECTROLYTE
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
PERFOR- EN 50342-1:2015
DIMENSIONS SPECIFICATIONS
REFE- MANCE EN 50342-6:2015
REN-
CAP. CCA L LA A LAY- HOLD- Water Resistance Endurance
CE BOX TERMINALS
AH A (EN) (mm) (mm) (mm) OUT DOWN Consump- Charge to Mycro
tion Retention Vibrations Cycle
VR170 10 170 BTX 12 150 87 130 1 - B00 W5 C2 V2 E4
VR200 12 200 BTX 14 150 87 145 1 - B00 W5 C2 V2 E4
VR370 45 370 B24 236 127 224 1 3 B00 W5 C2 V2 E4
VR680 60 680 L2 242 176 190 0 1 B13 W5 C2 V2 M3
VR760 70 760 L3 278 176 190 0 1 B13 W5 C2 V2 M3
VR800 80 800 L4 315 175 190 0 1 B13 W5 C2 V2 M3
VR850 95 850 L5 353 175 190 0 1 B13 W5 C2 V2 M3
VR950 105 950 L6 394 175 190 0 1 B13 W5 C2 V2 M3
FIAMM Energy Technology S.p.A. is not liable for typographic errors or for the accuracy, completeness and timeliness of the information contained in this document.
It is our goal to provide up-to-date, correct and clear information with this document. Despite our best efforts, this document may not be entirely error-free.
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