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    Lecture 2e

    Uploaded by

    Yusuf Gul

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lecture 2e

    Uploaded by

    Yusuf Gul
    8 views7 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views7 pages

    Lecture 2e

    Uploaded by

    Yusuf Gul

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Mechanical

    Vibrations

    Prof. Dr. Kenan Y. Şanlıtürk


    sanliturk@itu.edu.tr

    Content

    1. Introduction to Vibration and Free response


    2. Response to Harmonic Excitation
    3. General Forced Response
    4. Multi-Degree-of-Freedom systems
    5. Design for Vibration Suppression

    Page 1
    2. Response to Harmonic Excitation

    • Vibrations due to rotating unbalance

    Vibrations due to rotating unbalance

    e = (eccentricity)
    mu = Unbalance mass
     = Rotational speed, [rad/s]

    Vibration isolation elements are


    modelled using k, c.

    Page 2
    Vibrations due to rotating unbalance

     All rotating machines


    - All rotors !
    - Wheels
    - Washing machines
    - Gyroscopes
    - …..

    Vibrations due to rotating unbalance


    x
    x
    t

    t
    mu Fx
    y e
    y Fy

    m
    Remembering from 2nd year
    dynamics course
    k c
    Fx  mu e 2 cos t
    Fy  mu e 2 sin t

    Page 3
    mu e 2 cos t

    mx  cx  kx  mu e 2 cos t
    mu 2
    x  2n x  n2 x  e cos t
    m

     SDOF system with harmonic forcing

     The amplitude of the force depends on the rotational speed 

     SDOF system with harmonic forcing


     Assume harmonic solution, insert into EOM, determine the unknowns:

    x p (t )  X cos(t   ), or x p (t )  A1 sin(t )  A2 cos(t )

    X
    mu e r2 mu e 2 cos t
    m (1  r 2 ) 2   2 r 2

    mX r2

    mu e (1  r 2 ) 2   2 r 
    2

     2 r 
      tan 1  2 
     1 r 

    Page 4
    6

    mX   0.01
    mu e 5   0.1

      0.2
    2

      0.5
    1
      0.707
      1.0
    0
    0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

    4 4.5 5
    Frekans
    Frequency orani,r
    ratio, r r
    n

    Vibrations due to rotating unbalance (EASY METHOD)

    mx  cx  kx  f (t )
    f (t )  Fe jt , F = F =mu e 2
    x(t )  Xe jt For brevity, consider F is real.

    (k   2 m  jc) Xe jt  Fe jt

    (k   2 m  jc) X  mu e 2
    mu e 2 X is Complex; contains amplitude and
    phase information.
    X
    k   2 m  jc Phase angle of X is relative to force.

    Page 5
    mu e 2 mu e 2
    X 
    k   2 m  jc m(k / m   2  jc / m)

    mX 2 2
     
    mu e (k / m   2  jc / m) (n2   2  j 2n )

    Divide by n2 , obtain normalised response

    mX r2

    mu e (1  r 2  j 2 r )

    mX r2

    mu e (1  r 2  j 2 r )

    Modulus: Note also that


    mX r 2
    mu e r2
     X 
    mu e (1  r ) 2  (2 r ) 2
    2 m (1  r  j 2 r )
    2

    Phase
    when r >>1
    Im 2 r
      tan 1 ( )  tan 1 ( ) mX mu e
    Re 1 r2  1.0  X 
    mu e m

    Note that
      
    Because
    x p (t )  X cos(t   ) was assumed before.
     and - are conveying the same information.

    Page 6
    25

    mX   0.02
    20
    mu e Normalised Response (mX/(mu e))

    15

    10

    0
    0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
    Frequency ratio
    0
    Phase angle, degree

    -50

    -100

    -150

    -200
    0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
    Frequency ratio

    Page 7

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