Information Technology Project

Management, Ninth Edition

Why we need Projects?

Meet
Satisfy
regulatory,
stakeholder
legal and
requests or
social
needs
requirements

Project

Create, Implement or
improve or fix change
product, business or
processes or technological
services strategies
  A project is “a temporary endeavor undertaken
to create a unique product, service, or result”
(PMBOK® Guide, Sixth Edition, 2015)

 Objective – Projects end when their objectives

have been reached or the project has been
terminated

 Size & Duration – Projects can be large or small

and take a short or long time to complete

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 When is the end of a project

The end of the project is reached when one or more of the

following is true:
 The project’s objectives have been achieved;
 The objectives will not or cannot be met;
 Funding is exhausted or no longer available for allocation to
the project;
 The need for the project no longer exists (e.g., the customer no
longer wants the project completed, a change in strategy or
priority ends the project, the organizational management
provides direction to end the project);
 The human or physical resources are no longer available; or
 The project is terminated for legal cause or convenience.
  A project
◦ has a unique purpose
◦ is temporary
◦ is developed using progressive elaboration
 from broad initial plan to specific details, as time passes
◦ requires resources, often from various areas
◦ should have a primary customer or sponsor
 The project sponsor usually provides the direction and
funding for the project
◦ involves uncertainty
 Supplier went out of business, unplanned team member time
off

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 What is project management?

 Project management is the application of

 knowledge,
 skills,
 tools, and
 techniques
to project activities to meet the project requirements.
 Project management is accomplished through the appropriate
application and integration of the project management
processes identified for the project.
 Project management enables organizations to execute
projects effectively and efficiently.
Why project management is important?
(2)  Poorly managed projects or the absence of project management may result in:
 Four components – S, KA, T&T, and the contribution
of successful projects to the enterprise
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PMBOK® Guide Key Components in
Projects
  Stakeholders are the people involved in or
affected by project activities
 Stakeholders include
◦ the project sponsor
◦ the project manager
◦ the project team
◦ support staff
◦ customers
◦ users
◦ suppliers
◦ opponents to the project

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  Knowledge areas describe the key competencies
that project managers must develop
 Project managers must have knowledge and skills
in all 10 knowledge areas (project integration,
scope, time, cost, quality, human resource,
communications, risk, procurement, and
stakeholder management)

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  There are several ways to define project success:
◦ The project met scope, time, and cost goals
◦ The project satisfied the customer/sponsor
◦ The results of the project met its main objective, such as
making or saving a certain amount of money, providing a
good return on investment, or simply making the
sponsors happy.

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  A program is “a group of related projects managed in
a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not
available from managing them individually” (PMBOK®
Guide, Fifth Edition, 2012)

 A program manager provides leadership and direction

for the project managers heading the projects within
the program

 Examples of common programs in the IT field include

infrastructure, applications development, and user
support

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  Project managers work with project sponsors,
project team, and other people involved in a
project to meet project goals
 Program managers oversee programs; often act
as bosses for project managers

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 1. People skills
2. Leadership
3. Listening
4. Integrity, ethical behavior, consistent
5. Strong at building trust
6. Verbal communication
7. Strong at building teams
8. Conflict resolution, conflict management
9. Critical thinking, problem solving
10. Understands, balances priorities

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  As part of project portfolio management,
organizations group and manage projects and
programs as:
◦ a portfolio of investments that contribute to the entire
enterprise’s success

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 Portfolio, programs and projects

Portfolio

Programs

Projects
Organizational project management

Portfolio Programs

Projects
 strategic and tactical goals
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