ME 104 – ME DESIGN CONCEPTS & FABRICATION 2 BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Quiz 3 1st Semester AY 2022-2023 Rating _______

Name ___________________________ Student No. _____ Course/Yr/Blk: BSME 2-B Date ________
These assessment is to measure the level on how the learner attain the following Intended Learning Outcome/s:
a. Explain the need to properly structure the search for a solution to a problem,
b. Design each task in a problem-solving effort so that it is most fruitful; that is, so that it will provide the most
information or guidance, and
c. Use various attributes of the final solution state to guide earlier decisions, made along the solution path.
I. Fill the blanks. Instruction: Fill the blank with correct word(s).
1. If you don’t know where you’re GOING, you’ll probably end up some place else. – Yogi Berra
2. In most _PROBLEM-SOLVING_ situations, one should not seek to generate and evaluate every possible solution
to a problem since LIMITATIONS must be placed on the amounts of time, effort and money that can be
invested in a project.
3. Engineers always work within specific DEADLINES and search for solutions that lie within rigid constraints. As
a result, they must DESIGN and develop solutions in an efficient manner. The only way to accomplish this goal is
to (a) EVALUATE both the current problem state and the DESIRED final solution state, and (b) DEVELOP a strategy
for successfully traversing the path from the problem state to the solution state.
4. The strategy that will lead directly from the problem state to the desired solution state must GUARANTEE
success; that is, it must assure an ACCEPTABLE (if not the best) solution to the problem in a TIMELY manner.
5. To STRUCTURE the path that will lead to the final design solution we need to: (a) ELIMINATE paths that do not
satisfy the design goals and/or constraints, (b) design our TASKS so that they are most fruitful, and (c) use
various ATTRIBUTES of the final solution state to guide the choices on the decisions made along the solution
path.
6. One effective strategy for structuring the search is (a) design your DATA COLLECTION and information gathering
efforts so that the most and most useful INFORMATION can be extracted to formulate the initial situation or
problem state to be corrected; (b) next, evaluate the final solution state by identifying the DESIRABLE elements
(i.e., FUNCTIONAL capabilities or characteristics) that should be part of any solution; (c) finally, select
intermediate STEPS along the path from the problem state to the final solution state and develop the desired
solution by following this path.
7. The strategy for structuring the search is almost SIMILAR to the engineering design process. Phase 1 (NEEDS
ASSESMENT) of the design process corresponds to step (a) in the search strategy. During phase 2 (PROBLEM
FORMULATION), a set of design GOALS are identified, corresponding to those elements that are desired in any
solution to the problem (i.e., the intermediate steps [b] of the search strategy). The final THREE phases of the
design process then corresponds to step (c) of the search strategy.

II. Enumeration. (15 points)

1. Name at least five (5) attributes that can be used as guide to the desired final solution state of your
proposed device and explain briefly each attribute.

Goodluck

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING CAMARINES NORTE STATE COLLEGE

 ME 104 – ME DESIGN CONCEPTS & FABRICATION 2 BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Quiz 4 1st Semester AY 2022-2023 Rating _______

Name ___________________________ Student No. _____ Course/Yr/Blk: BSME 2-B Date ________
These assessment is to measure the level on how the learner attain the following Intended Learning Outcome/s:
a. Define the most common or general engineering design goals,
b. Differentiate between general and specific design goals, and
c. Differentiate between design goals and design specifications,
I. Fill the blanks. Instruction: Fill the blank with correct word(s).
1. After an engineering problem statement has been 11. The design solution should perform each and every time
formulated, it should next be decomposed into a set of it is used; at least, this is the ideal level of RELIABILITY
DESIGN GOALS that must be achieved by any viable sought by the engineer.
solution to the problem. 12. An engineering design should PERFORM well in the given
2. Formulation of design goals is a form of ANAYSIS, in that environment and operating conditions.
we are breaking the problem into its PRIMARY 13. In order to enhance PERFORMANCE, the engineering team
constituent components. should anticipate (a) the reactions of the design to its
3. The benefit of such a goals list is that it can be used as a sort ENVIRONMENT (temperature, humidity, intensity of loads or
of MAP, guiding us in our search for the best solution. applied forces, and so forth) and (b) its ability to operate
4. To formulate a set of appropriate design goals, the according to SPECIFICATIONS (e.g., duration of operation,
engineer should gather as much detailed information as power requirements).
possible about the EXPECTED USERS, the ENVIRONMENT 14. The design should be easy to understand and EASY to
in which the solution is to operate, and other relevant operate.
FACTORS. 15. The DURABILITY of a system’s components may vary, but
5. This data collection might include further review of the design should include provisions for minimizing WEAR
existing PRODUCTS, technical LITERATURE and PATENTS. of certain key components, such as provision for
In addition, knowledgeable INDIVIDUALS in the area of lubricating moving parts or use of specific wear-resistant
application should be identified and contacted for further materials.
information. 16. Many standard or “0FF-THE-SHELF” parts are available in
6. The environment in which the design is to operate should the marketplace from manufacturers. These should be
be DESCRIBED. The physical factors that may affect the incorporated into a design whenever possible, since it
design must be DETERMINED. Also, it may be necessary usually less costly (in terms of MONEY, _EFFORT_, and
to place specific REQUIREMENTS upon the solution in TIME_) to purchase this ready-made components than to
accordance with the specific abilities or needs of a fabricate them from raw materials.
particular user group. 17. _FAMILIARITY_ with a wide variety of components and
7. A design solution should not threaten the SAFETY of their proper use facilitates the generation of _CREATIVE_
those who will produce, distribute, and/or operate it. yet feasible design solution since it broadens one’s
8. Design solutions to technical problems should never technical knowledge base.
harm our ENVIRONMENT – from their production 18. Our list of general engineering design goals also includes
through their operating lives to their final DISPOSAL. the need to minimize costs, whenever possible, for
9. In order to ascertain if EXPECTATIONS exist about a otherwise (a) a proposed design may be deemed
product, potential CUSTOMERS should be identified as economically infeasible and never_PRODUCED_, (b)
precisely as possible in terms of such factors as their unexpected costs may cause a design to become
mental and physical abilities, economic means, and – economically infeasible after production has begun,
most important – SPECIFIC NEEDS that are to be satisfied leading to its _COMMERCIAL FAILURE_, or (c) costs may
by the design solution. be reduced in an arbitrary fashion, leading to design or
10. Once expectations have been identified, they should be manufacturing _FLAWS_.
EVALUATED carefully to ascertain if they are truly are the 19. Two other general engineering goals, related to
best interest of the customer. durability, are to minimize necessary _MAINTENANCE_
work and to ensure that such work is as __EASY TO
PERFORM__ as possible.

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 ME 104 – ME DESIGN CONCEPTS & FABRICATION 2 BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

20. In addition to the general engineering goals, each design 24. If the goals that must be achieved by a design solution
must achieve __SPECIFIC__ goals that pertains to the are not carefully defined, then the development of the
particular problem under consideration. so-called best solution will be very difficult or even
21. A specific goal that is often sought in an engineering _IMPOSSIBLE_ to achieve. During the entire design
design is the simulation of some particular _HUMAN_ process, these project goals should be continuously
capability. _RE-EVALUATED_.
22. Although “speed of operation” often appears as an 25. Initial goals may be divided into more _SPECIFIC TASKS_.
important factor in many engineering problems, it is not Additional goals will likely be recognized as the engineer
so universal that it could be given the status of the becomes more _FAMILIAR_ with the functions that a
general goal; rather it is a specific goal _UNIQUE_ to a viable solution must perform. The list of design goals will
particular problem. remain in a state of _FLUX_ until the final solution to the
23. Specific goals help us to define the particular problem problem has been developed, _TESTED_, and
that is to be solved and maintain our focus upon the implemented.
_FUNCTIONS_ that are desired in a design solution.

II. Enumeration.
1. Name ten (10) general goals associated with engineering problem solving efforts.
__SAFETY _________________ _EASE OF OPERATION _
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION _DURABILITY _________
_PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE __ _MINIMUM MAINTENANCE____
_RELIABIITY _____________ _USE OF STANDARD PARTS _
_PERFORMANCE _ _MINIMUM COST ________

III. Comprehension. (20 points)

Proposed problem statement: ________________________________________________________________
1. Name at least five (5) general goals for the solution of the problem statement your group is proposing and
briefly explain why.

2. Name at least three (3) specific goals for the solution of the problem statement your group is proposing and
briefly explain why.

Goodluck

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING CAMARINES NORTE STATE COLLEGE

 ME 104 – ME DESIGN CONCEPTS & FABRICATION 2 BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Quiz 5 1st Semester AY 2022-2023 Rating _______

Name ___________________________ Student No. _____ Course/Yr/Blk: BSME 2-B Date ________
These assessment is to measure the level on how the learner attain the following Intended Learning Outcome/s:
a. Eliminate paths that do not satisfy the desired design goals and/or specifications, and
b. Use anthropometric, anatomical, physiological, and other types of ergonomic data to formulate design goals
and constraints for human-machine systems.
I. Fill the blanks. Instruction: Fill the blank with correct word(s).
1. The specifications represent the quantitative BOUNDARIES within which the search for a solution must be
conducted.
2. The type of specifications that include space allocation or dimensional requirements, weight limits, material
characteristics, energy or power requirements, etc. ____PHYSICAL_____
3. This type of specification includes acceptable vibration changes, operating times, and so forth. _FUNCTIONAL
OR OPERATIONAL_
4. The type of specifications that includes moisture limits, dust level, intensity of light, temperature ranges, noise
limits, potential effects upon people or other system that share the same environment. _ENVIRONMENTAL_
5. Specifications such as limits on production costs, depreciation of equipment, operating costs, service or
maintenance requirements, and the existence of any competitive solutions in the marketplace. _ECONOMIC_
6. Specifications such as government safety requirements, environmental or pollution control codes, and
production standards. __LEGAL__
7. These specifications include strength, intelligence, and anatomical dimensions of the user. HUMAN
FACTORS/ECONOMICS
8. The design engineer is responsible for identifying – sometimes through exhaustive _RESEARCH_ – all of the
constraints or boundaries that must be satisfied by a solution. Otherwise, a design may be developed that is
_ILLEGAL_, hazardous, or infeasible.
9. _ERGONOMICS_ (sometimes referred to as “human factors engineering”) focuses upon the __VARIATIONS__
that exists among different human populations and the effects of this variations on product design decisions.
10. _ERGONOMIC_ data often represents critical design constraints or specs that must be achieved if the safety,
productivity, health, and _HAPPINESS_ of the designated user population for a particular product, system or
process is to be enhanced.
11. During the past 40 years, much effort has been expended to collect and evaluate data describing the variations
among _HUMAN BEING_. Some of this data is _ANTHROPOMETRIC_; that is, it focuses upon the variations in
size and proportion among people. Other data describe the variations in people’s relative _PHYSICAL_ abilities
(e.g., endurance, speed, strength, accuracy, vision and hearing) based upon physiological and anatomical
knowledge.
12. Anthropometric data have been tabulated in the form of_PERCENTILES_; that is, percentages of people who are
or below a particular value.
13. The population sample set are usually assumed to be _REPRESENTATIVE_ of the population as a whole.
However, the engineer should be careful to note the sample set(s) upon an anthropometric range is based in
order to ensure that there is a _CORRESPONDENCE_ between the sample and the intended user population of a
particular design.
14. Anthropometric data should _MATCH_ the expected user population(s) of a product.
15. In addition, data should be _CURRENT_ for changes do occur among human populations as time goes by.
16. When designing a product, system, or _PROCESS_, one must recognize that there are certain abilities and
_LIMITATIONS_ commonly associated with human behaviour.
17. All systems involving _FEEDBACK_ require a time delay or response time during which (a) the input _SIGNAL (S)_
are processed, (b) the appropriate _RESPONSE_ is determined, and (c) the _ACTION_ is initiated.
18. The design engineer must consider the degree of _ACCURACY_ with a minimum amount of _EFFORT_ required
to complete a task.

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 ME 104 – ME DESIGN CONCEPTS & FABRICATION 2 BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

19. Users often need to _RESPOND_ in some manner to information that is provided by a product or system. Such
information feedback may be in the form of _VISUAL_ or _AUDITORY_ stimuli (or both), such as blinking light or
a buzzer.
20. Visual signals can be _PASSIVE_ (a warning label) or _ACTIVE_ (a warning light that is activated in the event of an
emergency)
21. In contrast, sound signals are _PERVASIVE_ while visual is not.
22. Human beings respond faster to _AUDITORY_ signals than to _VISUAL_ stimuli.
23. Distinctive _TACTILE_ information can be provided by an object through its shape, texture, size, hardness, or
relative motion.
24. Data must be entered and displayed without _AMBIGUITY_ if a person is to use any mechanized system
properly.
25. Whenever possible, system should be designed with additional _SAFEGUARDS_ to verify that raw data
(particularly those which are entered manually) are indeed correct and accurate. Human-system interfaces
should _ECHO_ any data that is manually provided back to the user so that he or she may verify that these
values are indeed _CORRECT_.
26. People often have natural expectations when interacting with a system. For example, most of us expect that an
_UUPWARD_ movement will turn a device on or increase its power, whereas _DOWNWARD_ actions are
associated with turning the machine off or decreasing its power.
27. The type of design in which the engineer uses physical analogies and cultural standards to relate operator
expectations to corresponding actions. _NATURAL MAPPING_
28. In the concept of _AFFORDANCE_, a certain materials and/or design objects “afford” the user the opportunity to
perform some action or tasks.
29. Many of today’s products contain such subtle yet visible clues to guide the user. For example, an oversized plate
on a door indicates that one should _PUSH_ on it to open the door whereas a small bar or handle suggests that
one should _PULL_.
30. Engineer should strive to incorporate ergonomic consideration on its designs in order to optimize the
interactions between the _USER_ and the _PRODUCT OR SYSTEM_ which is to be developed.

II. Enumeration.
1. Name the six (6) user characteristics that may be important to the success of an engineering design includes:
_VISUAL ALUITY ___ _REACTION TIME ____
_HEARING DISCRIMINATION __ _SENSITIVITY TO TEMP, DUST, HUMIDITY__
_HAND-EYE COORDINATION _ _READING SKILLS __

2. Middendorf (1990) suggests that the engineer follow a procedure similar to the following one when
developing human-machine interfaces based upon ergonomic factors:
a. Identify the expected _INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE USER AND THE PRODUCT DURING ITS OPERATION_.
b. Identify the operations that _WILL REQUIRE MONITORING OR CONTROL BY THE USER. RECOGNIZE THE
LIMITATIONS OF THE EXPECTED USER(S) IN PERFORMING SUCH TASKS __.
c. Evaluate the expected _ENVIRONMENT IN WHCHH THE PRODUCT WILL BE USED. CONSIDER SUCH
FACTORS AS INTENSITY OF LIGHT, AVAILABILITY OF SPACE, BACKGROUND NOISE, TEMPERATURE RANGE,
DUST LEVELS, HUMIDITY VALUES, AND VIBRRATION LEVELS. _.
d. Finally, identify those operations that _CAN BE AUTOMATED OR MADE EASIER TO PERFORM MANUALLY.
CONSIDER THE AMOUNT OF TRAINING AND EXPERIENCE REQUIRED BY THE USER TO PERFORM THE
TASK(S) PROPERLY. _.

Goodluck

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