Grade 10 Series

THE EUCLIDEAN
MODULE
This module is an introduction to Euclidean Geometry and the scope is for
the grade level intended. The proofs of theorems and Axioms are found in
the grade 11 & 12 module.

Prepared by : Michael Mutandwa

Holy Cross High School

©2020
EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY

THEOREMS

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PICTORIAL SUMMARY OF CIRCLE THEOREMS
ARROWHEAD
A radius perpendicular to a
chord bisects the chord; the
 The angle subtended by a
perpendicular bisector of a chord at the centre is twice the
chord passes through the angle it subtends at a point on
centre the circumference

radius perp to chord OR angle at centre

radius bisects chord
2

DONKEY’S EARS
Angles subtended by the same
chord in the same segment are
equal


angles in same segment The two tangents to a circle

 from a point outside the circle
are equal in length
tangents from same point

Equal chords in a circle

subtend equal angles

The angle subtended at the subt by equal chords

circumference by a diameter
is a right angle

subt by diameter 

WINDSURFER
The angle between a tangent
and a chord through the point
of contact is equal to the angle
subtended by the chord in the
alternate segment

 tan-cord theorem

180°-



Pageof|a14
An exterior angle cyclic
The opposite angles of a quadrilateral is equal to the
cyclic quadrilateral are opposite interior angle
supplementary
 Gr 10 WORKSHEET - Circle Geometry - June 2020

Section A
1. Find the values of the angles indicated with a letter in the following diagrams. O always represents
the centre of the circle. You are not required to show any working; write your answers in the grid
at the bottom of the page.

a b c d e f g h

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 i j k l m n p
q r s t u v w x

2. Find the values of the angles indicated with a letter in the following diagrams. O always represents
the centre of the circle. You are not required to show any working; write your answers in the grid
at the bottom of the page.

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 a b c d e f g h
i j k l m n p
q r s t u v w x

3. Find the values of the angle indicated x in the following diagrams. O always represents the centre
of the circle. You are not required to show any working; write your answers in the grid at the
bottom of the page.

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

10 11 12

13 14 15

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 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15

4. Find the values of the angle indicated x in the following diagrams. O always represents the centre
of the circle. You are not required to show any working; write your answers in the grid at the
bottom of the page.

1 2

3 4

5 6

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 7 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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2. Find the values of the angles indicated with a letter in the following diagrams. O always represents
the centre of the circle, and radii do indeed meet the tangent at the point of contact. You are not
required to show any working; write your answers in the grid at the bottom of the page.

a b c d e f g h
i j k l m n p q
r s t v w x y
z a b c d e f i
k m y z

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Section B (Finding Angles)
In these diagrams, lines that appear straight are indeed straight. O refers to the centre of the circle
when it appears. You must use the information given and fill in the sizes of ALL the other angles.

1.

27

30
110

2. Δ ABC is equilateral
A

B
25

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3. TB = TA

56
48

B
105

y T
A
4. TOP is a diameter and TA is a tangent.

A
44

T P Page | 23
O
Section B (Finding Angles)
In the following questions you should show your argument properly written out. on these pages

1. Find x

2. Find x

3. Find x

4. ˆ = 128°
Find x if BAC

5. Find x and y

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6. Find x

7. Find x

8. Find x

9. Find x

10. Find x

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Section C (Proofs)
In the following questions you should show your argument properly written out. on these pages

A
QUESTION 1
y x
BOD and AOC are diameters.
Determine the values of x, y and z

B D
O 74

QUESTION 2
Q
3
PQ and PRS are tangents, and 1
2
QT = QR.

Prove that

(a) T̂2 = R̂ 2 + R̂ 3

(b) TR | | QP T 1
2
2
3 1 P
S R

Q R
QUESTION 3 1
2

POQ is a diameter, with O the centre.

RT = PT.

Prove that O S
T
(a) QR | | OT
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(b) PQ̂S = RQ̂S

QUESTION 4
A

O is the centre of the circle 1 2

and E is the midpoint of DA. E
GC is a tangent. Prove that 1
2
3
2 D
O
1
(a) EOCG is a cyclic quadrilateral
1
(b) Ĝ = 2 Ĉ1 B 2

2 3
1 G
C

N
QUESTION 5 1 2

P
2
1
MPN and MQR are straight lines;
O is the centre of the circle. 1 O
Further, MN = MR.
M

Prove that NOQM is a cyclic quadrilateral 1

2
Q

QUESTION 6 A 1 1
2 2
AB and AC are tangents to the circle,
and BD is a diameter.
F
Prove that
1
2 E
(a) EBAC is a cyclic quadrilateral 3

(b) AE bisects AÊC 1 2

C 3
(c) E is the centre of the circle
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D
Section D (General)

1. Given that P = 51 and O is the centre of the circle,

Find the sizes of the following angles, giving reasons:

1.1 ˆ
TAO

1.2 ˆ
AOB

1.3 ˆ
AQB

1.4 ˆ
BAT

1.5 ˆ
OBA

(10)

2. .Δ PRS is equilateral. Calculate

the values of x and y

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 (4)
3. M is the centre of the circle.

ˆ = x.
BDE

Express in terms of x (giving reasons)

ˆ =
BME

ˆ
BEM =

ˆ =
CAD

(8)

4. In the figure, M is the centre of the circle.

EA = ED
AMDˆ = 100

ˆ
Calculate the measure of ABE

(8)

5. The two circles touch at P, and PA is a tangent

to each of the circles there. Prove that DE  BC

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 (6)

6. If the chords QR and SR are equal in length,

prove that QR is a tangent to the circle through

Q, P and T by proving that TQR ˆ = Pˆ

(4)

7. TA is a tangent to the circle. AE and

CD are equal chords, and EB  TA.

ˆ = x, find, with reasons, five

If TAE
other angles equal to x

(10)

8. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and FAS is

a tangent meeting CB produced in F.

AD is produced to E.

ˆ =x
ˆ = y and ACB
CDE

8.1 Give, with a reason, an angle equal to x

(2)
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 8.2 Give, with reasons, two angles each equal to y

(4)

8.3 Express F in terms of x and y

(2)

8.4 ˆ in terms of x and y

Express BAC

(2)

8.5 What value of y will ensure that AC is a tangent to the circle AFB
(i.e. through the points A, F and B)?

(3)

9. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral with AB = BC.

AD is produced to E so that CE  BD.
FA and FB are tangents at A and B, and
ˆ = x.
DCE

9.1 Name, with reasons, four other angles equal to x

(8)

9.2 Prove that AFB ˆ

ˆ = ABC

(4)

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9.3 ˆ
Name, with reasons, another angle in the figure which is equal to AFB

(2)

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