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Expt 2

The purpose of the experiment was to study vector addition using graphical and analytical methods and to determine the resultant and equilibrant forces of concurrent coplanar systems using a force table. Students were given sets of forces and used the parallelogram and polygon methods to determine the graphical resultant. They also calculated the analytical resultant and measured the equilibrant using the force table. Results were recorded and questions were answered about vector terms and solving for resultants using various methods.

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17 views4 pages

Expt 2

The purpose of the experiment was to study vector addition using graphical and analytical methods and to determine the resultant and equilibrant forces of concurrent coplanar systems using a force table. Students were given sets of forces and used the parallelogram and polygon methods to determine the graphical resultant. They also calculated the analytical resultant and measured the equilibrant using the force table. Results were recorded and questions were answered about vector terms and solving for resultants using various methods.

Uploaded by

ferdinandjiegosantos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT NO.

VECTOR ADDITION: GRAPHICAL & ANALYTICAL AND THE FORCE TABLE

I. PURPOSE

1. To study vectors and vector addition by graphical and analytical methods.


2. To determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant of a given set of
concurrent and coplanar force systems. Also, verify the resultant equilibrant using
the force table.

II. METHODS

The lab instructor gives a coplanar concurrent force system where it is assumed that
the magnitude and direction of the forces acting on a body are known. Using the
force table, you are to use graphical and analytical methods of determining the
resultant force and the equilibrant of the system of forces.

III. APPARATUS

Force table with accessories, weights, protractor, ruler, scale, and set of forces.

IV. PROCEDURE

1. The instructor/ tress assigns a set of forces to each group. Record these forces in
Table 2.1.
2. For each set of forces, graphically add the forces to determine the resultant force.
The equilibrant has the same magnitude as the resultant but is oppositely directed.
Use the parallelogram method and the polygon method. Record the results in Table
2.2.
3. For each set of forces, determine the equilibrant using the force table. Level the
force table by adjusting the leveling screws in its feet. Position pulleys at the angles
specified for each weight in the first set of forces. Check to see that the string does
not bind on the pulleys. Arrange the strings to radiate from a common point in the
center of the ring. Determine both angle and the weight required to keep the center
of the ring in equilibrium; this is called the equilibrant; it is convenient to use the
center pin to prevent the weights from falling while trying to adjust the equilibrant.
Estimate the uncertainties by seeing how much you can vary the weight or the angle
before the system is noticeably out of equilibrium. Record the results in Table 2.2.

DATA SHEET

Name: _____________________________ Instructor: __________________ Date: _________

Subject: ______________ Section: ____________________ Rating: _____________________

EXPERIMENT NO. 2

VECTOR ADDITION

GRAPHICAL & ANALYTICAL METHODS AND THE FORCE TABLE

DATA AND RESULTS

Table 2.1

Set of Force A Force B Force C


forces
Magnitude Angle Magnitude Angle Magnitude Angle

Table 2.2

Method Resultant Force/ Equilibrant


Applied
Set 1 Set 2 Set 3

Magnitude Angle Magnitude Angle Magnitude Angle

Graphical

Analytical
Force
Table

V. DISCUSSION

VI. QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS


1. Explain or define the following terms:
a. Scalar quantity

b. Vector quantity

c. resultant force

d. equilibrant

2. Explain why the force polygon must close when the system is in equilibrium.
3. Two forces A= 10 N and B = 14 N, act on a body at a common point. Determine
the resultant of the two forces if the angle between them is 60°.

4. Use the component method to find the magnitude and direction of the
resultant of the following forces: P= 20 lb at 37°; R= 40 lb at 53°; T= 20 lb at 146°;
and S= 24 at 270°.

VII. CONCLUSION

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