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LAB Worksheet #2and #3

The document discusses SQL nested queries using ANY, ALL, IN, EXISTS, NOTEXISTS operators and provides examples. It also discusses set operations like UNION and INTERSECTION. Aggregate functions like COUNT, SUM, AVG, MAX, MIN are explained along with GROUP BY and HAVING clauses. Creation and dropping of views is also mentioned.

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21 views2 pages

LAB Worksheet #2and #3

The document discusses SQL nested queries using ANY, ALL, IN, EXISTS, NOTEXISTS operators and provides examples. It also discusses set operations like UNION and INTERSECTION. Aggregate functions like COUNT, SUM, AVG, MAX, MIN are explained along with GROUP BY and HAVING clauses. Creation and dropping of views is also mentioned.

Uploaded by

Oz G
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LAB WORK SHEET # 2

AIM: sub Queries using ANY, ALL, IN, EXISTS, NOTEXISTS, UNION, INTERSET.
Solution:
SQL Nested queries:
A nested query is a query that has another query embedded within it. The embedded query is
called a sub query. Generally sub query is appeared in WHERE clause.
Examples on nested queries:
Q1) find sailors names who have reserved boat no 103
SQL> SELECT S.sname FROM sailors S
WHERE S.sid IN ( SELECT R.sid FROM reserves R WHERE R.bid=103)
Output:
Q2) find sailor’s names who have reserved boat no 103
SQL> SELECT S.sname FROM sailors S
WHERE S.sid = ANY ( SELECT R.sid FROM reserves R WHERE R.bid=103)
Output:
Q3) find sailor’s names who have not reserved boat no 103
SQL> SELECT S.sname FROM sailors S
WHERE S.sid NOT IN ( SELECT R.sid FROM reserves R WHERE R.bid=103)
Output:
Q4) find sailor’s names who have not reserved boat no 103
SQL> SELECT S.sname FROM sailors S
WHERE S.sid != ALL ( SELECT R.sid FROM reserves R WHERE R.bid=103)
Output:
UNION (R U S)
The union of two relations R and S is a relation that includes all the tuples that are either in R or
in S or in both R and S. The two relations R and S must be union compatible. Duplicate tuples
are eliminated.
Two relations are union compatible if
 they have the same number of attributes ie degree(R)=degree(S)
 the domain of each attribute in column order is the same in both R and S
Q8) write a RA and SQL query to display all sailors names whose rating < 9 or age <50
RA: π sname (σ rating<9 (sailors)U σ age<50 (sailors))
SQL> SELECT sname FROM sailors WHERE rating < 9
UNION
SELECT sname FROM sailors WHERE age < 50
Output:
Q9) write a RA and SQL query to display Boat id and names whose color is red or green
RA: π bid, bname (σcolor=’RED’ (boats)U σ color=’GREEN’ (boats))
SQL> SELECT bid,bname FROM boats WHERE color=’RED’
UNION
SELECT bid,bname FROM boats WHERE color=’GREEN’
Output:
LAB WORK SHEET # 3
AIM: Queries using Aggregate functions (COUNT, SUM, AVG, MAX and MIN), GROUP BY,
HAVING and Creation and dropping of Views
Solution:
Queries using Aggregate Functions
AVG() Returns the average value of expr. Avg AGE
Q1)The following query returns the average age of all sailors. -------------
SQL> select avg(age) “AVERAGE AGE” from Sailors

SUM() Returns the sum value of expr. Total AGE


Q2)The following query returns the total age of all sailors. --------------
SQL> select sum(age) “Total AGE” from SAILORS;

MAX() Returns maximum value of expr. Max AGE


Q3)The following query returns the max age of all sailors -------------
SQL> select max(age) “Max AGE” from SAILORS;

MIN() Returns minimum value of expr. Min AGE


Q4)The following query returns the minimum age of sailors ------------
SQL> select min(age) “Min AGE” from SAILORS;

COUNT() Returns the number of rows in the query. COUNT


Q5)The following query returns the number of sailors. ------
SQL>Select count(*) from SAILORS;

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