COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVCING NC II ICT Sector

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority

JACOBO Z. GONZALES MEMORIAL SCHOOL OF ART AND TRADES
San Antonio City of Biñan Laguna

COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II

Unit of
Install and Configure Computer Systems and Networks
Competencies

Module Title Installing and Configuring Computer Systems and Networks

Trainee ID No.

Name of Trainee

Duration

Trainer

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Module Title: Installing and Configure Computer Systems

INFORMATION SHEET No. 1
Identifying Computer Parts
 Hardware - is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system. Computer
hardware is the physical parts or components of a computer, such as
the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, hard disk drive (HDD), graphic cards,
sound cards, memory (RAM), motherboard, and so on, all of which are tangible physical objects.
 Software - is any set of machine-readable instructions that directs a computer's processor to
perform specific operations.
 Peopleware - is a term used to refer to one of the three core aspects of computer technology,
the other two being hardware and software. Peopleware can refer to anything that has to do
with the role of people in the development or use of computer software and hardware systems,
including such issues as developer productivity, teamwork, group dynamics, the psychology of
programming, project management, organizational factors, human interface design, and human-
machine-interaction.

Main Parts of a Computer System

Image Description

The main part of a personal computer. The system unit includes

the chassis, microprocessor, main memory, bus, and ports, but does
not include the keyboard or monitor, or any peripheral devices.

Another term for display screen. The term monitor, however, usually
refers to the entire box, whereas display screen can mean just the
screen.

A keyboard enables you to enter data into a computer and other

devices. Typical keys are classified as alphanumeric, punctuation and
special keys.

A device that controls the movement of the cursor or pointer on a

display screen. A mouse is a small object you can roll along a hard, flat
surface.

A small device or circuit that regulates the voltage fed to

the microprocessor. The power supply of most PCs generates power at
5 volts but most microprocessors require a voltage below 3.5 volts.

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Parts of a System Unit

Image Description
The motherboard is a printed circuit board that is the foundation of a
computer, located at the bottom of the computer case. It allocates
power to the CPU, RAM, and all other
computer hardware components. Most importantly, the motherboard
allows hardware components to communicate with one another.
A hard drive can be used to store just about any type of data, including
pictures, music, videos, and text documents. Computers have a hard
drive and use it to store files for the operating system and software
that run on the computer, as well as files created or downloaded to the
computer by a user.
Alternatively referred to as optical media, optical storage, Optical disc
drive (ODD), and optical disk, an optical disc is any media read using
a laser assembly.

Is a computer disk drive that enables a user to save data to removable

diskettes.

Is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out

the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic
arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified
by the instructions.
As the computer boots, parts of the operating system and drivers are
loaded into memory, which allows the CPU to process the instructions
faster and speeds up the boot process. After the operating system has
loaded, each program you open, such as thebrowser you're using to
view this page, is loaded into memory while it is running. If too many
programs are open the computer will swap the data in the memory
between the RAM and the hard disk drive.

A heat sink is an electronic device that incorporates either a fan or a

peltier device to keep a hot component such as a processor cool.

A data cable is a cable that provides communication between devices.

For example, the data cable that connects your monitor to your
computer and allows your computer to display a picture on the
monitor. Other examples of data cables include
theCAT5, IDE/EIDE, SATA, and USB cables.
Is an electronic device that supplies electric energy to an electrical
load. The primary function of a power supply is to convert one form of
electrical energy to another and, as a result, power supplies are
sometimes referred to as electric power converters. Some power
supplies are discrete, stand-alone devices, whereas others are built
into larger devices along with their loads. Examples of the latter include
power supplies found in desktop computers and consumer
electronics devices.
A computer case also known as a computer chassis, tower, system
unit, cabinet, base unit or simply case is the enclosure that contains
most of the components of a computer .

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Module Title: Installing and Configure Computer Systems

TASK SHEET No. 1
Disassembling and Assembling of Computer Systems
1.1 Disassembling of Computer Systems

Specific Instructions
1. Perform Occupational Health and Safety Procedure and Policies.
2. Open the side panel of the system unit.
3. Dismount the entire system component one-by-one.
4. Complete the inventory below.

Material Name Qty Model Remarks

1.2. Assembling of Computer Systems

Specific Instructions
1. Perform Occupational Health and Safety Procedure and Policies.
2. Clean the equipment and parts before assembly.
3. Assemble and place the parts on their proper position.
4. Secure and screw all the components.
5. Connect all the connectors and cables.
6. Connect the front panel connectors and USB connector.
7. Close the side panel cover.

Did the trainee perform the following... YES NO

1. Perform Occupational Health and Safety Procedure and Policies.
2. Clean all the parts before assembly.
3. Place and screw the parts on their proper position.
4. Connect the cables properly and snugly.
5. Accurately connect the front panel and USB connectors.
Over-all performance rating: ( ) Competent ( ) Not Yet Competent Rating: _____________

Performed by: Checked by:

_______________________________ _______________________________
Date: ________________________ Date: ________________________

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Module Title: Installing and Configure Computer Systems

INFORMATION SHEET No. 2
Parts of the Motherboard

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The main printed circuit board in a computer is known as the Motherboard. It is also known as
System Board, Main Board or Printed Wired Board (PWB). It also sometimes abbreviated or shortened to
mobo. Attached to it, we have numerous motherboard components that are crucial in the functioning of
the computer.
The motherboard acts as the connection point where major computer components are attached to. It
holds many of the crucial components of the system like the processor, memory, expansion slots and
connects directly or indirectly to every part of the PC.
The type of motherboard installed in a PC has a great effect on system speed and expansion capabilities.

MOTHERBOARD COMPONENTS
The motherboard holds all the major logic components of the computer. Here we are going to see with
no particular order, some of those major motherboard components and their function in a computer or
to be more precise in your computer.

CPU- Central Processing Unit

It is also known as the microprocessor or the processor. It is the brain of the computer, and it is
responsible for fetching, decoding and executing program instructions as well as performing
mathematical and logical calculations.
The processor chip is identified by the processor type and the manufacturer; and this information is
usually inscribed on the processor chip e.g. Intel 386, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) 386, Cyrix 486,
Pentium MMX, (old processor types) Intel Core 2Duo etc.
If the processor chip is not on the motherboard, you can identify the processor socket as socket 1 to
Socket 8, LGA 775 etc. This can help you identify the processor that fits in the socket. For example a
486DX processor fits into Socket 3.

MAIN MEMORY / RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM)

Random access memory or RAM most commonly refers to computer chips that temporarily store
dynamic data when you are working with your computer to enhance the computer performance. In
other words, it is the working place of your computer where active programs and data are loaded so that
any time the processor requires them, it doesn't have to fetch them from the hard disk which will take a
longer access time.
Random access memory is volatile memory, meaning it loses its contents once power is turned off. This
is different from non-volatile memory such as hard disks and flash memory, which do not require a
power source to retain data. When a computer shuts down properly, all data located in random access
memory is returned back to permanent storage on the hard drive or flash drive. At the next boot-up,
RAM begins to fill with programs automatically loaded at start up, and with files opened by the user a
process called booting.

BIOS - Basic Input Output System

BIOS is a term that stands for basic input/output system, which consists of low-level software that
controls the system hardware and acts as an interface between the operating system and the hardware.
Most people know the term BIOS by another name—device drivers, or just drivers. In other words, the
BIOS is drivers, meaning all of them. BIOS is essentially the link between hardware and software in a
system.
All motherboards include a small block of Read Only Memory (ROM) which is separate from the main
system memory used for loading and running software. On PCs, the BIOS contains all the code required
to control the keyboard, display screen, disk drives, serial communications, and a number of
miscellaneous functions.
The system BIOS is a ROM chip on the motherboard used by the computer during the start up routine
(boot process) to check out the system and prepare to run the hardware. The BIOS is stored on a ROM
chip because ROM retains information even when no power is being supplied to the computer.

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CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor

Motherboards also include a small separate block of memory made from CMOS RAM chips which is kept
alive by a battery (known as a CMOS battery) even when the PC’s power is off. This prevents
reconfiguration when the PC is powered on.
CMOS devices require very little power to operate.
The CMOS RAM is used to store basic Information about the PC’s configuration e.g.
 Floppy disk and hard disk drive types
 CPU
 RAM size
 Date and time
 Serial and parallel port information
 Plug and Play information
 Power Saving settings

The Other Important data kept in CMOS memory is the time and date, which is updated by a Real
Time Clock (RTC).

Cache Memory
It is a small block of high-speed memory (RAM) that enhances PC performance by pre-loading
information from the (relatively slow) main memory and passing it to the processor on demand.
Most CPUS have an internal cache (in-built in the processor) which is referred to as Level-I cache
memory or primary cache memory. This can be supplemented by external cache memory fitted on the
motherboard. This is the Level-2 Cache memory or secondary cache. Some CPUs have both L1 and L2
cache built-in and designate the separate cache chip as Level 3 (L3) cache.

Expansion Buses
An input/output pathway from the CPU to peripheral devices typically made up of a series of slots on the
motherboard. Expansion boards (cards) plug into the bus. PCI is the common expansion bus in a PC and
other hardware platforms. Buses carry signals, such as data; memory addresses, power and control
signals from component to component.
Expansion buses enhance the PCs capabilities by allowing users to add missing features in their
computers in form of adapter cards that are slotted in expansion slots.
The different types of buses include PCI, ISA, and EISA expansion bus.

Chipset
A chipset is a group of small circuits that coordinate the flow of data to and from key components of a
PC. This includes the CPU itself, the main memory, the secondary cache and any devices situated on the
buses. The chipset also controls data flow to and from hard disks, and other devices connected to the
IDE channels. A computer has got two main chipsets:-
 The NorthBridge (also called the memory controller) is in charge of controlling transfers between
the processor and the RAM, which is way it is located physically near the processor. It is sometimes
called the GMCH, for Graphic and Memory Controller Hub.
 The SouthBridge (also called the input/output controller orexpansion controller) handles
communications between peripheral devices. It is also called the ICH (I/O Controller Hub). The
tem bridge is generally used to designate a component which connects two buses.
Chipset manufacturers include SIS, VIA, ALI, OPTI e.t.c.

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INTERESTING HUBS
 Motherboard Form Factors
The motherboard form factor describes its general shape, the type of case and power supply it can
use, and its physical organization (layout of the motherboard). It is what we are going to have a
look at in this hub.
 Computer Bus Architecture Types
A bus is a common pathway through which information is connected from one component to
another. This pathway is used for communication and can be established between two or more
computer components.
 DDR1, DDR2, DDR3: Navigating The RAM Maze
Choosing the proper DDR-type for your PC is critical. The wrong choice can drastically bottleneck
your system. Here is a full guide to picking the right DDR for your CPU.
CPU Clock
The clock synchronizes the operation of all parts of the PC and provides the basic timing signal for the
CPU. Using a quartz crystal, the CPU clock breathes life into the microprocessor by feeding it a constant
flow of pulses. For example, a 200 MHz CPU receives 200 million pulses per second from the clock. A 2
GHz CPU gets two billion pulses per second. Similarly, in a communications device, a clock may be used
to synchronize the data pulses between sender and receiver.

A "real-time clock," also called the "system clock," keeps track of the time of day and makes this data
available to the software. A "timesharing clock" interrupts the CPU at regular intervals and allows the
operating system to divide its time between active users and/or applications.

Switches and Jumpers

DIP (Dual In-line Package) switches are small electronic switches found on the circuit board that can be
turned on or off just like a normal switch. They are very small and so are usually flipped with a pointed
object such as a screwdriver, bent paper clip or pen top. Care should be taken when cleaning near DIP
switches as some solvents may destroy them.

Jumper pins
Jumpers are small pins on the board with plastic or metal devices that go over the pins. This device is
called a bridge or a jumper cap. When the bridge is connected to any two pins via a shorting link, it
completes the circuit and a certain configuration has been achieved.

Jumper cap
A metal bridge that closes an electrical circuit. Typically, a jumper consists of a plastic plug that fits over
a pair of protruding pins. Jumpers are sometimes used to configure expansion boards. By placing a
jumper plug over a different set of pins, you can change a board's parameters.

Front Panel Connections

Front Panel Switch Connections Front Panel USB Connections

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Module Title: Installing and Configure Computer Systems

SELF-CHECK No. 2
Parts of the Motherboard
Instruction: Identify parts of the motherboard and write its function.

A. _______________________________________________________________________
B. _______________________________________________________________________
C. _______________________________________________________________________
D. _______________________________________________________________________
E. _______________________________________________________________________
F. _______________________________________________________________________
G. _______________________________________________________________________
H. _______________________________________________________________________
I. _______________________________________________________________________
J. _______________________________________________________________________
K. _______________________________________________________________________
L. _______________________________________________________________________
M. _______________________________________________________________________
N. _______________________________________________________________________
O. _______________________________________________________________________
P. _______________________________________________________________________

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Module Title: Installing and Configure Computer Systems

INFORMATION SHEET No. 3
System Software (Operating System)
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer
hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating
system is a component of the system software in a computer system. Application programs usually
require an operating system to function.
Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also
include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other
resources.
For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system
acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is
usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently makes system calls to an OS function or is
interrupted by it. Operating systems are found on many devices that contain a computer – from cellular
phones and video game consoles to web servers and supercomputers.
Examples of popular desktop operating systems include Apple OS X, Linux and its variants,
and Microsoft Windows. So-called mobile operating systems include Android and iOS.

Types of Operating Systems

Single- and multi-tasking
A single-tasking system can only run one program at a time, while a multi-tasking operating system
allows more than one program to be running in concurrency. This is achieved by time-sharing, dividing
the available processor time between multiple processes that are each interrupted repeatedly in time
slices by a task-scheduling subsystem of the operating system. Multi-tasking may be characterized in
preemptive and co-operative types. In preemptive multitasking, the operating system slices
the CPU time and dedicates a slot to each of the programs. Unix-like operating systems, e.g.,
Solaris, Linux, as well as AmigaOS support preemptive multitasking. Cooperative multitasking is achieved
by relying on each process to provide time to the other processes in a defined manner. 16-bit versions of
Microsoft Windows used cooperative multi-tasking. 32-bit versions of both Windows NT and Win9x,
used preemptive multi-tasking.

Single- and multi-user

Single-user operating systems have no facilities to distinguish users, but may allow multiple programs to
run in tandem. A multi-user operating system extends the basic concept of multi-tasking with facilities
that identify processes and resources, such as disk space, belonging to multiple users, and the system
permits multiple users to interact with the system at the same time. Time-sharing operating systems
schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost
allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources to multiple users.

Distributed
A distributed operating system manages a group of distinct computers and makes them appear to be a
single computer. The development of networked computers that could be linked and communicate with
each other gave rise to distributed computing. Distributed computations are carried out on more than
one machine. When computers in a group work in cooperation, they form a distributed system.

Templated
In an OS, distributed and cloud computing context, templating refers to creating a single virtual machine
image as a guest operating system, then saving it as a tool for multiple running virtual machines. The

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technique is used both in virtualization and cloud computing management, and is common in large
server warehouses.

Embedded
Embedded operating systems are designed to be used in embedded computer systems. They are
designed to operate on small machines like PDAs with less autonomy. They are able to operate with a
limited number of resources. They are very compact and extremely efficient by design. Windows CE and
Minix 3 are some examples of embedded operating systems.

Real-time
A real-time operating system is an operating system that guarantees to process events or data within a
certain short amount of time. A real-time operating system may be single- or multi-tasking, but when
multitasking, it uses specialized scheduling algorithms so that a deterministic nature of behavior is
achieved. An event-driven system switches between tasks based on their priorities or external events
while time-sharing operating systems switch tasks based on clock interrupts.

Library
A library operating system is one in which the services that a typical operating system provides, such as
networking, are provided in the form of libraries. These libraries are composed with the application and
configuration code to construct unikernels – which are specialized, single address space, machine images
that can be deployed to cloud or embedded environments.

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Module Title: Installing and Configure Computer Systems

JOB SHEET No. 3
Installing Operating Systems (Win7, WinServer2008 R2,)
3.1 Creating Bootable Flash Drive (Operating System)

Step 1: Prepare materials and equipment needed for the said activity.
 Flash Drive at least 8GB and above
 Bootable CD-ROM or DVD-ROM with Operating System (Win7/Win8/WinServer2008/Linux)
 Software Applications installed in your PC. (Nero or Power ISO/Rufus)

Step 2: Using Nero or Power ISO create a Disk Image of your chosen Operating System Installer.

Step 3: Run “Rufus” into your computer and load your Disk Image.

Step 4: Insert your flash drive into the USB Port of your Computer and start running the Rufus program
until it is finish in creating your bootable flash drive.
Note: This activity will takes time to finish. Please be patient.

3.2 Installing Operating System

Step 1: Turn on your computer

Step 2: Press F1, F2 or Delete to Enter BIOS/UEFI Setup

Step 3: Go to Boot Order and Make your Bootable Flash Drive as your First Priority Boot

Step 4: Press F10 to save settings and restart pc.

Step 5: During start up the message will prompt you to “Press any key to boot to USB”; press any key on
your keyboard.

Step 6: Installation Wizard will prompt you with the instructions that you need to perform.
Note: Different OS have different means and ways of installation procedure. Just follow the given
instruction on the wizard.

Step 7: Install Mobo driver, System Applications and other software needed for computer applications.

Did the trainee perform the following... YES NO

1. Create ISO image files.
2. Create bootable flash drive.
3. Install Operating System (win7, winserver2008_R2)
4. Install Motherboard Driver. (mobo driver/DPS)
5. Install application, utilities. (antivirus/pdf reader/office)
Over-all performance rating: ( ) Competent ( ) Not Yet Competent Rating: _____________

Performed by: Checked by:

_______________________________ _______________________________
Date: ________________________ Date: ________________________

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